• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.149-170
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• 1999

The author measured IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ and total protein(TP) level of middle ear effusion(MEE) of 24 ears - 13 ears of them had treated by antibiotics, 11 of them by Kami-hyunggyeyungyotang - of pediatric recurrent otitis media with effusion(PROME) using ELISA assay, and compared the level of cytokines(pg/ml)/TP(mg/dl). And investigated the clinical finding in those children. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The level of IL-2／TP in Kami-hyunggyeyungyotang group was significantly higher than that in antibiotics group(P〈0.05). 2. The level of IL-4/TP in Kami-hyunggyeyungyotang group was significantly higher than that in antibiotics group(P〈0.0l). 3. The level of IL-6/TP in Kami-hyunggyeyungyotang group was significantly lower than that in antibiotics group(P〈0.05). 4. The level of TNF-${\alpha}$/TP in Kami-hyunggyeyungyotang group was significantly lower than that in antibiotics group(P〈0.01) 5. 79.1% of children with recurrent otitis media with effusion(ROME) were also complicated to chronic sinusitis. The children's t-test was used to make a statistical comparison between the groups. According to above results, Kami-hyunggyeyungyotang is considered to be used for treatment 'recurrent otitis media with effusion' by control produce of cytokines which are connected with inflammatory reaction.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of providing an information service program by media on preoperative anxiety and postoperative educational satisfaction in patients with cataract surgery. Methods: For this study 52 patients who visited the ophthalmology clinic at P Hospital in B metropolitan city and who were scheduled to undergo one-day cataract surgery under local anesthesia were recruited. The 52 patients were assigned to the experimental group (25) or the control group (27). This study was conducted from August 27, 2015 to May 29, 2016. Results: Following the provision of cataract surgery related information service by media, the experimental group had a lower mean score for anxiety and higher mean score for educational satisfaction compared to the control group of patients. Conclusion: Results indicate that information service program by media "Goodbye Cataract" is useful educational materials for cataract patients in outpatient department and outpatient operating rooms.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2009

Objectives : It has been known that immune reaction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of otitis media (OM). We investigated the change of middle ear mucosal inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) following administration of Taglisodog-eum (TSE) in experimental animals. Materials and Methods : Otitis media was induced by injecting 1 mg/kg of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS transtympanically in 60 rats. These rats were divided into two groups, the LPS group (n=30, remained naive after OM elicitation) and the TSE group (n=30, treated with TSE after OM elicitation) and 6 additional rats were kept as a normal control group (n=6, remained naive until tissue collection). The rats were killed at the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after challenge. The temporal bones in each group were harvested and examined histopathologically by hematoxyline-eosin stain. Middle ear mucosa were taken at the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after challenge. The levels of spicing variants of TNF-${\alpha}$ transcription were evaluated by Realtime-PCR. Results : TSE suppressed LPS-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression and thickness of the submucosal layer and infiltration of inflammatory cells in rat middle ear epithelium. Conclusion : The results suggest that TSE may be effective in decreasing inflammation with particular application to mucosal metaplasia in OM.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2002

The author measured IL-8 and $TGF-{\beta}1$ levels of 84 ears - 48 ears of them had treated by antibiotics, 36 of them by Kamihyunggyeyungyotang(KHY) - of pediatric recurrent otitis media with effusion using ELISA assay, and compared them. The results were obtained as follows. 1. The level of IL-8 in KHY group was significantly lower than that in antibiotics group(p<0.05). 2. The level of $TGF-{\beta}1$ in KHY group was lower than that in antibiotics group. According to above results, KHY is considered to be used for treating recurrent otitis media with effusion by controlling the production of interleukin-8 and transforming $growthfactor-{\beta}1$.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.127-149
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• 2013

Is the social web environment in which production, distribution and consumption of information occurs from users an environment where manifestation of collective intelligence is easily made? Or is the social web environment a condition that incites people to depend on the groupthink due to biased information? It is important to conduct empirical studies on the possibility of social media as a tool of collective intelligence under the situation where conflicting opinions prevail. However, most of the existing studies related to this were limited to an exploratory research rather than an empirical research. In this regard, this study attempted to examine if the social media can perform a part as a platform of the collective intelligence empirically. Based on the experimental results, it can be safely said that the communication methods of social media showed its usefulness in both 'intellectual capacity of the group' and 'problem-solving skill of the group.'

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2018

In consideration of limitations of the classic economic approach to risk evaluation and the psychometric analysis of risk perception, this study applies a facilitated modeling technique to a group of college students in Korea. In this group activities, researchers did not provide a pre-selected list of risk items. Instead, 35 participants had group discussions to generate 63 risk items, to rate their risk level and to evaluate their characteristics in terms of the level of knowledge and dreadfulness. This study also analyzes the influence of mass media, online news papers in particular, on risk perception by counting the number of news articles covering key word corresponding risk items generated. The results show that there are significant differences between the rank order of risk items generated by students and that of statistical or objective risk. Psychometric analyses find that the levels of knowledge and dreadfulness have meaningful correlations with risk level. A well known or a dreadful risk demonstrates a high level of risk. Correlation analyses of media coverage and the risk level also re-confirms strong positive relations. The larger number of news articles a risk issue was covered by, the higher level of risk it showed. It means that college students generated risk items on the basis of what they were exposed by media. The role of mass media in risk perception and the importance of risk communication in risk evaluation are underlined. Implications of research findings and future research are discussed as well.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2013

본 연구는 커뮤니케이션 매체의 중독여부에 따른 정신건강과 매체사용의 차이를 알아보고자 시도하였다. 자료수집은 2012년 3월 12일부터 5월 13일까지 대학생 250명을 대상으로 면접 및 설문조사를 하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 이동전화 사용시간의 경우 2시간 이상이 중독군은 39.2%, 비중독군은 4.0%로 중독군이 유의하게 높게 나타났다($X^2$=8.51, p=.00). 둘째, 우울정도는 자주 우울한 경우가 중독군이 비중독군보다 4.0배 유의하게 높았다(OR=4.0, 95% Cl=2.4-36.9). 이러한 결과를 토대로 볼 때 커뮤니케이션 매체의 중독적 사용을 해소하기 위해 체계적이고 주기적인 교육 및 긍정적인 측면 등의 다양한 환경을 조성하는 것이 필요하다고 본다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.262-275
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• 2021

The expansion of the online market is expected to change the purchasing environment. The purpose of this study is to examine the difference in the moderating effect of each characteristic on perceived quality and purchase intention according to the group according to product involvement and purchaser age. The first step is to identify the characteristics of online information sources and social media platforms through a literature review. Next, when perceived quality affects purchase intention, we verify the moderating effect according to the characteristics of online information sources and social media platforms. The moderating effect is verified at the stage by dividing it into a group according to product involvement and a group according to age. The following results were confirmed throughout the study: First, perceived quality significantly affects purchase intention. Second, in the relationship between perceived quality and purchase intention, the influence of the moderating effect is different depending on the high-involvement product and the low-involvement product. Third, it was confirmed that there was a difference in the moderating effect of online information sources and social media platforms in the relationship between perceived quality and purchase intention according to age. This study intends to increase consumers' purchase intentions by identifying specific age groups and product groups of involvement and establishing strategies suitable for the characteristics of online information sources and social media platforms.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.183-205
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• 2022

Mental status examination is an important stage in the assessment process because it serves as the foundation for establishing nursing diagnosis and intervention. Until now many students still feel difficult to understand the terms in the assessment of mental status. Interactive Mobile Learning in one of the media that is currently being developed. The use of this media will provide more in-depth learning opportunities, and students can practice their skills in carrying out practicals because of the mobility principle possessed by smartphones. The purpose of this study was to develop a smartphone-based app and evaluate the app's effectiveness by measuring nursing students' knowledge of mental status examination. Design: A randomized trial with a pre-and post-test design was conducted at a university in Indonesia. A total of seventy junior nursing students participated in this study. The intervention group received a smartphone-based app, and the control group received one-time lecture-based learning. We offered the experimental group the app and information about how to use it, and we encouraged them to use it. The control group received classroom instruction. Results: The intervention group scored significantly higher than the control group on knowledge score (t = 19.40, p = 0.000) and satisfaction with the learning method (t = 0.640, p = 0.021) Conclusion: These findings suggest that smartphonebased education could be an effective method in nursing education for teaching mental status examinations.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.293-306
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• 2021

The news and views of Pakistani television channels are extensively shared on digital media for information or analysis where the general public discusses overt and covert agendas by mentioning their factual and presentational style. This study contributes to the contemporary studies of media perception through focus group interviews with 72 randomly selected master's and bachelor's students studying Media and Communication at the School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan to provide information about the feelings and observations of future journalists and media literates. In summary, the findings of our research exposed the negative perception of Pakistani electronic media among the participants due to what they perceived as biased, inaccurate, and unethical reporting.