• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.280-286
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• 2009

In this study, the corrosion property of copper alloy tubes in seawater has been investigated. Three copper alloys of nominal composition Cu-20Zn-2Al(Al-Brass), Cu-30Ni(CN70/30) and Cu-10Ni(CN90/10) were considered. The samples were immersed in 3%NaCl flowing solution at $90^{\circ}C$ for 30, 50 and 80 days. Corrosion rate of copper alloy tubes in 3%NaCl flowing solution was investigated by weight-loss measurements and electrochemical test. The CN70/30 showed lowest corrosion rate among three copper alloy tubes. Because of passive films formation, corrosion rates of three types of copper tubes were decrease with time. Surface characteristics of copper alloy tubes were analyzed by optical micrograph(OM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDAX) and X-ray diffraction patterns(XRD). CN70/30 showed partly pitting problem on the surface owing to high Fe content, even though having high resistant against corrosion. Cracks appeared on the surface of CN90/10 and CN70/30 after more than 50 days immersion, which could be derived from high nickel contents.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제51권10호
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• pp.465-472
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• 2002

This paper presents a study on the aging and recovery of HTV (high temperature vulcanized) silicone rubber used for outdoor insulators. UV irradiation, corona discharge and water immersion were employed as factors of the artificial aging. The effects of changes derived from these stresses on the tracking and arc resistance of silicone rubber were examined. We have investigated the aging phenomena of HTV silicone rubber by the above stresses using the surface energy calculation with contact angle measurement, solvent-extraction, and surface/volume resistivity and so on. These results showed that UV irradiation and corona discharge lead to nearly the same surface oxidation, but the percentage change of mobile low molecular weight by these stresses was different. Furthermore, the oxidized layer induced under UV irradiation restricted the recovery of hydrophobic surface. Water immersion little lowered hydrophobicity level and leaded to a loss of tracking and arc resistance. The degradation mechanism based on our results was discussed.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.598-606
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• 2000

In this paper we investigated the relation between the surface degradations and anti-pollution characteristics of Room Temperature Vulcanized(RTV) silicone rubber coating that has different roughness through immersing into saline water. We utilized several analytic techniques such as atomic force microscopy(AFM) scaning electron microscopy(SEM) contact angle Salt Deposit Density(SDD) and average leakage current under the condition of salt fog. It is found that the surface roughness of treated RTV silicone rubber increased and the hydrophobicity of sample surface decreased with increasing the duration o immersion into water due to the erosion of base polymer the melting down alumina trihydrate(ATH) and the diffusion of Low Molecular weight(LMW) fluid. Despite the roughness of surface had been increased by water immersion excellant anti-pollution and recovery characteristics were maintained and SDD saturated to 0.1~0.14mg/cm$^2$. The average leakage current under salt fog increased with surface roughness. Measurement of average leakage current will be helpful to investigate surface degradation and lifetime expectation of RTV silicone coating.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.79-82
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• 2010

In optical imaging systems, such as microscopes, high resolution exposure systems, and optical storage devices, higher optical resolution is a requirement. One of the promising technologies that is able to satisfy this requirement with relatively simple construction and reliable performance are, solid immersion lens (SIL)-based near-field (NF) optical systems. High NA optical systems using annular apertures have been investigated as one solution to achieve higher resolutions and an extended focal depth. By applying an optimized annular aperture to convention SIL optical head resolution can be increased by approximately 20%. This novel SIL-based near-field optics will be verified through experiments such as measuring focused beam spot profiles and observing the topology of a measurement sample. The studied SIL-based near-field optics can be applicable to not only next generation optical storage device but also high resolution microscopy and pattering technologies.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.390-390
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• 2011

급속한 산업의 발달은 심각한 환경오염 및 에너지 문제를 가져왔다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 무한한 에너지원인 태양에너지를 원천으로 하는 친환경 정화소재로서의 광촉매(photocatalyst)를 통하여 인류의 에너지를 확보하는 것에 대한 관심이 급격하게 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 현재 광촉매로 가장 많이 사용되는 $TiO_2$의 경우 뛰어난 광활성에도 불구하고, 상대적으로 넓은 밴드갭(band gap) 으로 인한 가시광 응답성의 부재로 이를 해결하기 위한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 PIII&D (plasma immersion ion implantation & deposition) 장비를 통하여 -60 kV의 펄스 고전압을 인가해 $TiO_2$에 좁은 band gap을 갖는 반도체를 이온주입하여 가시광 응답성을 갖는 양자점 감응(Quantum dot sensitized)형 광촉매를 제작하였다. 이온주입 후 시료의 chemical state와 crystallinity를 확인하기 위하여 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy와 X-ray diffraction measurement를 이용하여 분석을 수행하였으며, 이러한 공정을 통해 제작된 양자점 감응형 광촉매의 가시광 응답성을 확인하기 위하여 UV/Vis 스펙트럼을 측정하였다. 또한 광촉매의 효율을 확인하기 위해 물 분해 장치(water splitting device) 를 제작하여 수소와 산소를 생성하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2020

EIS를 이용한 아크 금속용사 표면처리기법이 적용된 강재의 콘크리트 내 부식거동에 관한 실험적 연구로서 콘크리트 내부환경을 모사한 Ca(OH)₂ 포화수용액 침지 및, NaCl 수용액에서의 침지실험을 통해 부식거동을 실험하였다. Nyquist plot의 분석을 통하여 등가회로를 도출하였으며 Ca(OH)₂ 수용액에서의 계면저항과 분극저항을 비교한 결과 계면저항은 Al ATMS가 가장 우수하였으며 분극저항은 Zn ATMS가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 시멘트 모르타르에 금속용사 표면처리 된 강재를 매립후 NaCl 수용액에 침지하여 침지 시간에 따른 임피던스 측정에서는 초기 침지 임피던스 측정값은 Zn ATMS시험체가 가장 높았으나 침지 2주후에는 Al ATMS 시험체의 임피던스가 가장 높고 안정적으로 나타났다. 이는 이온화 경향이 높은 Al이 강알칼리 환경에서 지속적으로 산화하며 피막을 형성하였으며, 염소 이온의 침투로부터 강재를 보호하기 때문으로 판단된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2019

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 티타늄 디스크를 Modified simulated body fluid (mSBF)에 침전시켰을 때, 침전 시킨 기간에 따른 파골 세포 분화 억제 변화 양상을 알아보는 것이다. 재료 및 방법: Machined surface와 anodized surface를 가진 티타늄 합금(Ti grade III)디스크를 각각 증류수와 mSBF에 침전 시켰다. 침전 기간은 7일, 14일, 21일, 28일 진행하였으며, 각각의 기간 동안 대조군은 증류수에 침전하였다. 파골 세포로 분화 가능한 RAW 264.7 세포를 점주하여 침전 기간에 따른 부착된 세포 수 측정, TRAP 활성 측정, western blot을 통한 NFATc1의 발현양상을 측정하였다. 결과: Machined surface와 anodized surface 모두에서 mSBF에14일 이상 침전하였을 때, 파골 세포의 분화를 억제하는 능력이 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 침전 기간과 세포의 부착은 상관관계가 없었다. 14일 이상 침전시켰을 때, TRAP 활성은 감소되었으며, NFATc1의 발현은 억제되었다. 14일 이상 침전 시켰을 때, TRAP활성 감소 및 NFATc1 발현 억제 양상은 변함이 없었다. 결론: 티타늄 합금 디스크를 14일 이상 mSBF에 침전시키면 RAW 264.7 세포가 파골 세포로 분화하는 것을 막을 수 있다. 침전기간이 증가해도 분화 억제 양상은 변화하지 않는다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2021

The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), a National Metrology Institute of Korea, participated in the second-round of the international key comparison CCT-K7.2021 of triple point of water (TPW) cells. For the key comparison, three TPW cells, one of which had been used in the old CCT-K7 comparison, were assigned as the national standard of the TPW. The temperature difference (ΔT) between the average of the new and old national standards and ΔT between the new national standard and the transfer standard were measured. The comparison between the new and old national standards indicated a temperature increase of 69.5 µK after both the standards were corrected for the isotopic composition. The uncertainty of the national standard of the TPW temperature was 28 µK, and the uncertainty of ΔT was 14 µK. Three aspects of improvements in the new comparison compared to the old one were noted: (1) inclusion of two quartz cells in the national standard strengthens its long-term stability; (2) the standard deviation associated with the measurement of ΔT was reduced from 21 µK to 9.6 µK; (3) and the measured immersion profile of the TPW cells was much closer to the theoretically predicted dependence.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2008

[ $Moir{\acute{e}}$ ] interferometry is an optical method, providing whole field contour maps of in-plane displacements with high resolution. The demand for enhanced sensitivity in displacement measurements leads to the technique of microscopic $moir{\acute{e}}$ interferometry. The method is an extension of the $moir{\acute{e}}$ interferometry, and employs an optical microscope for the required spatial resolution. In this paper, the sensitivity of $moir{\acute{e}}$ interferometry is enhanced by an order of magnitude using an immersion interferometry and the optical/digital fringe multiplication(O/DFM) method. In fringe patterns, the contour interval represents the displacement of 52 nm per fringe order. In order to estimate the reliability and the applicability of the optical system implemented, the measurements of rigid body displacements of grating mold and the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE) for an aluminium block are performed. The system developed is applied to the measurement of thermal deformation in a flip chip plastic ball grid array package.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.927-934
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• 2002

The HANARO ( High-flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor) has been operated since 1995. The Cold Neutron (CN) hole was implanted in the reflector tank from the design stage. Before a vacuum chamber and a moderator cell for the cold neutron source are installed into the CN hole, it is necessary to measure exactly the size of the inside diameter and thickness of the CN hole to prevent the interference problem. Due to inaccessibility and high radiation field in the CN hole, a mechanical measurement method is not permitted. The immersed ultrasonic technique is considered as the best way to measure the thickness and the diameter of the CN hole. The 4-Axis manipulator was designed and fabricated for locating the ultrasonic sensors. The transducer of an ultrasonic sensor having 10 MHz frequency leads to high resolution as much as 0.03mm. The inside diameter and thickness of 550 points of the CN hole were measured using 2 channel ultrasonic sensors. The results show that the thickness and inside diameter of the CN hole is in the range of 3.3∼6.7mm and 156∼ 165mm, respectively. This data will be a good reference for the design of the cold neutron source facility.