• 한국측량학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1991

수평각 관측에 있어서 관측값에 미치는 영향은 우연오차인 시준오차 및 읽기오차 뿐만 아니라 구심오차도 이에 수반된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 위의 오차중 구심오차가 관측값에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 구심오차의 이론식 및 평가식을 유도하고 이를 이용 관찰 시험관측을 통하여 고찰해보았다. 본 연구결과 구심오차는 시준거리, 관측각, 편심거리 및 편심각을 알므로서 산출되고, 3배각수로 관측함이 오차가 작아 실용적이며, 또한 기기의 성능에 따라 시준거리 및 관측각을 이용하여 그 평가가 가능하다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2016년도 제53차 동계학술대회논문집 24권1호
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• pp.251-252
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• 2016

접촉각을 이용한 표면에너지 측정방법은 부품소재분야를 비롯한 폴리머 화학제품 등에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 그중 측정할 대상의 고체 표면에 액체 방울을 떨어뜨리고 측면 접점 방향에 대한 영상을 촬영하여 고체 표면과 액체 방울이 이루고 있는 각도를 측정하는 방식을 가장 많이 사용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 접촉각 측정기의 배경과 액체 방울 사이의 명암 차를 이용하여 경계선을 찾는 Sessile-drop 영상처리 기법을 보완 및 개선하기 위하여 캐니 에지 검출 알고리즘을 적용하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2007

Photographic measurement was first made with the subjects of 190 males in their 20s residing in the Ningbo area, Zhejiang Province in China. In this second report, lower body shapes were classified and discriminated by using indirect measurement, measurement items, and lower body analysis. The following sums up the research: 1. The subjects were $8.85^{\circ}$ (hip breadth angle), $1.58^{\circ}$ (abdomen upper angle), $11.80^{\circ}$ (hip upper angle), and $5.12^{\circ}$ (lateral lower body posture angle). 2. The subjects of Chinese males in their 20s showed three types of lower bodies: Bow Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body Type (30.5%)-gap between legs, curve waist-hip contour, average abdomen-hip profile, and lateral lower body posture were slightly slanted forward. Adjacent Straight Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body Type (35.8%)-adjacent straight between legs, curve waist-hip contour, slim abdomen-hip profile, and lateral lower body posture were slightly slanted forward. Balance Legs & Large Slant of Lateral Lower Body Type (33.7%)-average between legs, straight waist-hip contour, protruding hip profile, and lateral lower body posture were largely slanted forward. 3. Eight useful variables for the categorization of the subjects' lower body types were chosen through stepwise discriminant analysis, and the hit ratio of discrimination was 97.9%.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2006

Ryu 등은 배열센서 출력을 이용하여 추정한 신호부공간으로부터 표적의 방위각 측정치를 구하고, 이를 이용하여 표적의 방위각 궤적을 추적하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. Ryu 등이 제안한 방위각 추적 알고리즘은 별도의 데이터연관 필터가 필요 없으며 구조가 간단하다는 장점을 가지고 있다. Ryu의 방위각 추적 알고리즘에서는 신호부공간이 센서출력에 의해서 계속 쇄신되고 있지만 표본시간의 신호부공간에서 구한 측정치만을 사용하고 있으며, 신호대잡음비가 낮은 경우에는 Ryu 알고리즘의 추적 성능이 매우 급격히 저하되는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Ryu 알고리즘의 방위각 추적 성능을 개선하기 위하여 표본시간의 신호부공간에서 구한 측정치뿐만 아니라 표본시간에 인접한 신호부공간으로부터 구한 측정치까지 사용할 수 있도록 ML(Maximum Lekelihood)에 기반을 둔 측정치 융합 기법을 제안한다. 그리고 제안한 측정치 융합 기법을 이용하여 Ryu 알고리즘과 같은 구조를 가지는 새로운 방위각 추적 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 방위각 추적 알고리즘은 Ryu 알고리즘의 장점을 그대로 유지하면서 Ryu 알고리즘보다 향상된 추적 성능을 가진다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 하계종합학술대회논문집
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• pp.271-274
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• 1998

Ultrasonic sensors are becoming indispensable components in every sector of automation equipments due to many advantages. But the main purposes of the noncontact sensing device are rather narrowly confined within object detection and distance measurement. To widen the realm of the applications to object recognition, ultrasonic sensors need to improve the recognition resolution to a certain amount. To resolve the problem of spatial resolution restriction, an increased number of the sensors in the forms of a linear array or 2-dimensional array of the sensor has been used. Also better resolution has been obtained by shifting the array in several steps using mechanical actuators. For an object recognition using ultrasonic sensors, measurements of distance, shift, oblique angle in certain ranges should be obtained. But a little attention has been paid to the measurement of angles. In this paper we propose a practical method for an object angular value detection in addition to distance measurement in ultrasonic sensor array system with little additional hardware burden. Using the established measurement look-up table for the variations of distance, shift, angle and transmitter voltages for each sensor characteristics, a set of different return echo signals for adjacent receivers are processed to provide enhanced angular value reading for an object.

• 복식
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• 제15권
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• pp.21-45
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• 1990

The purpose of this thesis is to study the method of the reasonable pattern design. The studying method is based on the original principle of the trousers' cutting and I have a hypothesis about the trousers pattern which should be proved. When I selected the practical method, I made use of the international measuring rule, graph paper and tracing paper, in order to prove the new pattern design. The reasonable pattern design should be the one of the suitable original principles to be suited in the design through any measurement. Therefore, I have discussed the above mentioned design. I find out the conclusion to prove the hypothesis of pattern design with the experimental measure after showing the above mentiond design. The characteristics is as follows. First : To be convinient when walking, because of little degree as folding of the front part of trousers with the under-angle. Second : To be suitable in proportion to the length of trousers and the under-angle. Third ; When folding the center line of the Sapok (a name of one of the trousers parts), the length of the Sapoks is same and harmonized with the Sapoks because of the same angle of both Sapoks in any case of the measurement. Fourth : No correction of the lines when dressing, for the same points of the large Sapok and the small one. Fifth : To be easiness of the pattern design through the concrete measurement. I could find out a little extent errors of pattern showings, an easiness of dressing, scientification of formation in Korean trousers and standard of the practical measurement in the program to be presented as the result of studying.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 레이저광선의 투영을 이용한 접촉각측정기구가 개발되었다. 이 새로운 방법은 편평한 표면분만 아니라 직격이 가는 섬유를 포함한 굴곡진 표면에서는 stationary, advancing그리고 receding contact angle-을 신속하고 정확하게 측정할 수 있게 하여 준다. 가는 레이저광선이 액체와 고체사이 계면의 끝을 통과하여 tangent screen의 각도를 재는 눈금상에 중심으로부터 방사상으로 두개의 선이 나타나게 된다. 이때 눈금상에 투영된 두개의 레이저광선 사이의 각도를 접촉각으로 결정한다. 이 새로운 기구를 사용한 결과, PMMA(Perspex-CQ)상에서의 접촉각은 문헌상의 접촉각과 일치함으로써 간편하고 정확한 접촉각 측정법임을 입증할 수 있었다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1999

Spray angle, a parameter which is most commonly used to evaluate. spray distribution, is important because it affects the axial and radial distribution of the fuel. Spray angles were measured and compared for the pintle-type gasoline fuel injector with n-heptane as a test fuel with the three different measuring techniques, i.e. digital image processing, shadowgraphy and spray patternator, respectively. Fuel was injected with the injection pressures of 0.2-0.35MPa into the room temperature and atmospheric pressure environment. In digital image processing method, the transmittance level greatly influences the spray angle with the axial distance from the injector. From the experimental results by the shadowgraphy technique, it is obvious that the spray angle vary during the injection period. The results of spray angle from the spray patternator show that there exist the different spray angles in the different areas. The spray angles increase with the increase in the injection pressure for the three measurement techniques considered in this study. The spray angle is widely different, especially in the near region from the injector, according to the measurement techniques used in this experimental work.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the measurement differences of simple radiographs according to radiation projection angle using a phantom and to propose methods for objective analysis of simple radiographs. Materials and Methods: We took simple radiographs with different projection angles using a C-arm image intensifier and measured five parameters of the foot on the simple radiographic images. Five parameters include lateral tibiocalcaneal angle, lateral talocalcaneal angle, naviculocuboid overlap, lateral talo-first metatarsal angle, and lateral calcaneo-first metatarsal angle. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were verified, and then intraclass correlations of parameters were analyzed. Results: Radiographic parameters of the foot showed high intraobserver and interobserver reliability. Lateral tibiocalcaneal angle has a strong negative linear relationship with rotation and a moderate negative linear relationship with tilt. Lateral talocalcaneal angle has a moderate positive linear relationship with rotation and a strong positive linear relationship with tilt. Naviculocuboid overlap has a strong positive linear relationship with rotation and a moderate positive linear relationship with tilt. Lateral talo-first metatarsal angle does not have a linear relationship with rotation and a moderate negative linear relationship with tilt. Lateral calcaneo-first metatarsal angle has a moderate positive linear relationship with rotation and tilt. Conclusion: More precise evaluation of the foot with a simple radiograph can be performed by understanding the changes of radiographic parameters according to radiation projection angle.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.135-151
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• 2007

This study is human body measurement of 200 adult males in their 20s by both direct and indirect methods in order to reveal the representative male upper body types. Composition factors of body types were classified while the combination of direct-indirect measurement values was chosen. The following are the findings: 1) The analysis of direct-indirect measurement statistics showed the following results: 173.80cm (height), 69.87kg (weight), 95.58cm (chest girth), $24.67^{\circ}$ (right shoulder angle), and $9.34^{\circ}$ (shoulder width angle). 2) The factor analysis of the body types by direct measurement produced 5 factors: 1 (front length of upper body), 2 (front length of upper body), 3 (back length of upper body), 4 (circumference of upper body), and 5 (shoulders length). These factors accounted for 90.08%. Also, the cluster analysis of factor scores led to 3 types: 1 (33%, short, comparatively wide shoulders and full in the hips), 2 (25.1%, well-developed upper body in tall, inversed triangle), 3 (41%, average height, short upper body). 3) The body-type factor analysis by indirect measurement resulted in 6 factors with the explanation of 83.24%: 1 (rear upper bady thickness), 2 (front upper body width), 3 (front chest thickness), 4 (left-right shoulder angle), 5 (front width of protrusion distance in chest and shoulders), and 6 (neck's front-rear side angle).In addition, the cluster analysis of factor scores brought about 4 types: 1 (15%, well-developed front chest, beardless waist), 2 (23.5%, flat chest, with shoulder, drooping shoulders, strait neck), 3 (39%, with shoulder, curved back), and 4 (22.5%, narrow and thin, curved waist). 4) Among the 118 subjects (75%), 58 subjects commonly appearing in indirect measurement values group and direct measurement values group were chosen the representative body type group according to asterisk indexes. They had the highest frequency in direct type 3 and indirect type 3, whose combination represented the physical characteristics of the representative body types.