• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1524-1526
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• 2002

It is very difficult to measure the fluid viscosity at the critical point, there are seldom found experimental values of fluid viscosity at the critical point. Few theories can explain the critical viscosity quantitatively. A theory of viscosity previously proposed by authors10 is applied to the fluid at the critical point. This theory can be simplified as a simple form with no adjustable parameters, allowing for easy calculation. Viscosities at the critical point for some substances have been calculated, and calculated results are satisfactory when compared with the observed values.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.155-168
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• 2000

The SERVQUAL scale is based on the gap theory, which indicates the difference between consumers' expectations and their actual performance. In SERVQUAL scale, the expectations are defined as a "feasible ideal point"(ex, An Excellent hospital has up-to-date equipment). But empirical research identified important problems concerning the conceptual definitions of expectations. They suggests the usage of "desired expectations". Desired expectations are defined as the level at which the consumer predict the service that the organization they visited will perform(ex, $\bigcirc\bigcirc$ hospital has up-to-date equipment). The purpose of this study was to compare the feasible ideal point expectations with desired expectations in assessment of consumer expectations using SERVQUAL scale. We developed two types of questionnaires : (1) to measure feasible ideal point expectations, (2) to measure desired expections. Questionnaire were distributed to ambulatory patients who used the medical service. Total 329 patients participated the hosiptal satisfaction questionnaire(167 for feasible ideal point expectations, 162 for desired expectations). The major finding is as follows: (1) the SERVQUAL scale which was computed by the feasible ideal point showed the higher explanatory power in consumer satisfaction ($R^2$=0.26) than the other identified alternatives(desired expectation, $R^2$=0.11) The results of a study suggests that the feasible ideal point were more conceptually suitable to assess of consumer satisfaction using SERVQUAL scale.SERVQUAL scale.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.257-265
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• 2013

As evaluating the health literacy is getting important, various measures for evaluation are being developed. Nevertheless, discussions about developing proper measures in Korean are still inactive. Therefore in this paper, we proposed Korean REALM (rapid estimate of adult literacy in medicine) measure that is composed of five point scale and investigated about its validity. As a result, we could find that Korean REALM measure which is composed of five point scale has high reliability, and that it formed one dimension as a result of factor analysis. Positive responses were lower than two point scale and correlation coefficient with NVS (the newest vital sign) appeared statistically significant. Therefore, we could conclude that Korean REALM measure that is composed of five point scale is a valid measurement. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences between general students and department of nursing students about health literacy.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.473-478
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• 2009

The accuracy of point load apparatus is depend on point to point coaxial fitting. Also, the estimation of applied point load using the pressure gauge frequently lead to erroneous results. An improved point load apparatus has been developed in this study by mounting linear bearing on polished support rod, and eccentric error of point to point axis has been sustained less than 0.1 mm even under series of extreme work load conditions. Two digital displacement gauges are attached to measure the distance from point to point with sample specimen. A load cell mounted at the end of upper conical platen measure the applied net load on sample instead of preassure gauge. Total of 107 point load tests has been achieved to assure the quality and performance of developed apparatus. This exercise turned out to be successful.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.773-781
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• 2005

Pearson $X^2$ statistics can be used as the measure of association for two-way contingency tables. However, it's magnitude depends on the sample size N, the normalized index ${\phi}^2 = X^2\;/\;N$ has. been widely used in many researches instead of that. In this study, we firstly point out that the actual upper bound of ${\phi}^2$ can be affected by the given marginals of the tables, so that ${\phi}^2$ should be adjusted the actual maximum to get the proper range [ 0, 1]. Also we point out that the maximum could be found easily by using several algorithms like Hu and Mukerjee(2002). With the actual maximum, we propose the relative measure of association which is normalized by it.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.487-493
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• 2009

We consider a multiple defaultable zero coupon bond. Assuming defaults occur according to a marked point process, we explain how to estimate the time-t discounted price of zero coupon bond by simulation. For the special case of a given specific random face value, we show that the real probability measure is the risk neutral probability measure. In this case the time-t discounted conditional price can be obtained by observing a single sample path upto the time t in the real world. Furthermore the time-t discounted price can be estimated by observing real situations or by simulation under the real probability measure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.831-835
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• 2003

The objective of this paper is to suggest an experimental technique to measure the out-of-plane vibration intensity of a coupled plate. In order to measure the out-of-plane vibration intensity of the plate, the frequency response technique has been implemented. In this technique, the 2-D intensity vector at a measurement point has been estimate from the frequency response functions measured at 4 points in the neighborhood of the measurement point. The experimental result has been compared with a theoretical result. It showed that the experimental technique can be effectively used to measure the out-of-plane vibration intensity of plates.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.399-415
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• 2024

We looked at nonlocal controllability for Hilfer fractional differential equations with almost sectorial operator in this manuscript. We show certain necessary criteria for nonlocal controllability using the measure of noncompactness and the Mönch fixed point theorem. Finally, we provided theoretical and practical applications are given to demonstrate how the abstract results might be applied.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2013

Background : The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of kinesio-taping method for female university students, who are vulnerable to constipation, on the activation of intestine. Methods : This study has been conducted for a total of three weeks including the pre-inspection, and it explained the purpose of the study upon selecting the adequate subjects who met the criteria for constipation among the female students. And It chose the nine students, who agreed to the experiment, as the subjects. It verified the frequency and time of excretion before experiment and the constipation ejaculation measure, and compared pre-arbitration with post-arbitration as for the time and frequency of excrement, the point of constipation ejaculation measure, etc. after two weeks since the application of tape. Result : The frequency of excrement after arbitration increased compared with pre-arbitration as result of the application of kinesio-taping method, and the time, which was taken for excrement, decreased. It was also shown that the point decreased in the point comparison for constipation ejaculation measure; thus, it obtained the result that showed the improvement of the level of constipation and all were statistically significant(p<.05). Conclusion : It is believed that kinesio-taping method has a positive impact on the activation of intestine of female university students.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.889-895
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• 2014

Machine parts and structures of a change in the displacement and strain can be evaluated safety is one of the important factors. Typically the strain gauge has been employed to measure the displacement and strain. However, this contact-type measurement method has disadvantages that are not measured under condition of specific object shape, surface roughness and temperature. In particularly, 3 point bending and 4 point bending test not use strain gauge. So its test used cross head displacement and deflect meter. Digital Image Correlation measurement methods have many advantages. It is non contact-type measurement method to measure the object displacements and strain. In addition, it is possible to measure the Map of full field displacements and strain. In this paper, measured the 3 point bending deflection using the Digital Image Correlation methods. In order to secure the reliability, Digital Image Correlation method and universal test machine were compared.