• 무역상무연구
• /
• 제13권
• /
• pp.631-655
• /
• 2000

This article is focused on the review of the judgement standard for compliance of the documents in international standard banking practice. Since the establishment of Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, The practices of the Credit transactions has been formed and developed with the rapidly changing progress of the international trade environment. but though the international standard banking practice have meaning to suggest a new examination standard, in practice, there are some problems on the judgement of the compliance of the documents. Therefore, for the useful judgement standard for compliance of the documents, the range of the standard should become concrete and simple so that all the related parties can forecast. and the opinions and interpretations published by ICC Banking Committee are recommended to be used, systematized and activated. and also with the change of the trade environment, the changed standard practice could be published annually for the useful use. and it will be necessary to consider to publish the publications in the form of the "White Book" Last, it is necessary to accept the changes by the needs of the times as the international standard banking practice promptly and analysis accurately its problems for the times of the electronic commerce, so that Credit systems should be settled and developed continuously as the useful means of the settlement of the proceeds conquering of the characteristics originated from the international transactions between the parties concerned.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 2013

OSHA(Occupational Safety and Health Act) generally regulates employer's business principles in the workplace to maintain safety environment. This act has the fundamental purpose to protect employee's safety and health in the workplace by reducing industrial accidents. Authors tried to investigate the correlation between 'occupational injuries and illnesses' and level of regulation compliance using Survey on Current Status of Occupational Safety & Health data by the various statistical methods, such as generalized regression analysis, logistic regression analysis and poison regression analysis in order to compare the results of those methods. The results have shown that the significant affecting compliance factors were different among those statistical methods. This means that specific interpretation should be considered based on each statistical method. In the future, relevant statistical technique will be developed considering the distribution type of occupational injuries.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.225-236
• /
• 2018

조직은 정보 보안 기술에 대한 지속적인 투자를 통하여 다른 기업들보다 정보자원에 대한 경쟁력을 높이고 있다. 그러나 정보보안 기술 및 정책을 실행에 옮기는 조직원의 정보보안에 대한 관심이 상대적으로 저조하다. 본 연구는 정보보안 분야에 계획된 행동이론, 공정성이론, 그리고 동기이론을 적용하여 조직원의 정보보안 준수의도를 높이기 위한 메커니즘을 찾는다. 연구대상은 정보보안 정책을 도입한 조직의 조직원들이며, 서베이를 통하여 유효샘플 383개를 수집하였다. 연구가설 검증은 구조방정식 모델링을 실시하였다. 결과는 조직공정성, 외재적 동기(제재), 내재적 동기(조직일체화)가 계획된 행동이론의 세부 요인들에 영향을 주고 개인의 정보보안준수의도에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 분석 결과는 조직의 보안정책에 대한 조직원들의 준수의도 향상을 위한 전략적 접근 방향을 제시한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.178-184
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 프랜차이즈 본사의 성과에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 가맹점 순응과 선행 영향요인을 관계교환이론관점에서 살핀 실증연구이다. 연구결과 본사에 대한 가맹점 신뢰가 갈등과 순응 사이에서 완전매개 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 프랜차이즈 시스템에서 성공적인 가맹점 관리를 위해 신뢰 구축이 중요함을 의미한다. 본사와 가맹점 상호 간에 형성된 신뢰는 계약서에 명기되지 않은 영역까지 관계적 지배의 영향력을 발휘한다. 또한 이해의 불일치와 불공정한 힘의 관계로 빈번히 발생하는 갈등을 감소시키고 가맹점 순응을 유발한다는 점에서 대단히 중요하다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 갈등과 신뢰 그리고 가맹점 순응으로 이어지는 관계의 메커니즘을 이론적 논의 및 실증분석을 통해 규명했다는 점에서 이론적 실무적 공헌이 크다.

• 근관절건강학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.238-252
• /
• 1998

Reumatic arthritis is a disease with joint pain being one of the key symptoms. The patient suffers from the pain, stiff sensation and edema due to the inflammation taking Place In one or more joints. Accompanying these problems are fatigue, unusual exhaustion, fever, tachycardia and weakness. Inaddition, joints are often deformed and muscles shrink along with the progress of edema, coupled with depression and psychological instability resulting from the loss of the mobile function and limitations on the daily life. Some patients become fed up with the long and hard flight with the disease and just give up, which aggravates the symptoms. Others come to the hospital only when the conditions have become serious. We need to prevent these and guide the patients in the right direction. Against this backdrop, this study aims to look into the relations between the knowledge on the part of the patients together with their feeling of self-efficacy and the compliance. The results are expected to help the patients improve their life, In addition to providing useful materials for setting up appropriate plan for nursing intervention. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaire to 88 patients selected from the out-patient department of a university hospital in Inchon, from April 6 to 27, 1998. The following tools were used the yardstick of self-efficacy, developed in 1997 by the Society for the Health of Rheumatism Patients, was used for measuring the levels of knowledge and the feeling of self-efficacy. The degree of compliance was measured by the data collected from documents in addition to the results of the analysis of the interviews with the patients. The reliability of the tools was confirmed. In the analysis, the general characteristics were expressed in figures and percentages. The levels of knowledge, feeling of self-efficacy, and compliance were expressed in the average values and standard deviations. The relations among the variables following the general characteristics were analysed by the t-test and one-way ANOVA. The Pearson correction coefficient was used for the analysis of factors. Multiple-loop analysis was used to identify the variables affecting the compliance. The following are the results of this study. 1. Among the 88 patients, 18 were men and the remaining 70 were women, with a ratio 1 : 3.87. Regarding the age groups, 23 were between 50 and 59 years old, with those between 50 and 69 accounting for 51.1% of the total. High school graduates or higher amounted to 58%. Religious patients was 67% or 59 persons. Fifty nine percent were unemployed, and 58.3% (49 persons) had two children or fewer. The period of suffering from rheumatism varied between 2 months and IS years, with 70% less than years. 2. The average figure In relation to the of knowledge was 17.63 points over 30 or 58. 76%, which means a medium level. 3. The average figure of the feeling of self-efficacy was 60.06 points. 4. The level of compliance was 3.26, which was above average. 5. The relation between the feeling of self-efficacy and compliance showed an "r" value of 0.37, which was significant. It means that the higher the feeling, the greater the compliance points. 6. The analysis of the knowledge level revealed that the difference is found only between the college graduates and junior-high graduates or lower. 7. The feeling of self-efficacy varied along with the age and education level. 8. The general characteristics of patients as discussed above did not show significant difference with the compliance. 9. Regarding the elements influencing the compliance, the number of children, period of suffering, income, age, feering of self-efficacy, knowledge, and compliance had 54% of significance. In conclusion, rheumatism victims can lead a better life if they are appropriately educated, based on efficient training program from the early days of the disease ; if they become able to manage themselves thanks to the training ; and if they are helped by a program focusing on the increase of the feeling of self-efficacy aimed at changing patient's behavior.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.186-197
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate nurses' knowledge of, and compliance with the multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection control guidelines. Methods: A survey questionnaire was developed based on the institutional and national guidelines and was administered to a convenience sample of 306 nurses in a university hospital. Results: The mean score for knowledge was 33.87 (percentage of correct answers: 82.61%). The percentages of correct answers for basic concepts, route of transmission, hand washing/protective devices and environment management were 74.27%, 94.29%, 92.90% and 75.54% respectively. The mean compliance score was 4.15 (range: 1-5). The compliance scores for education, communication, contact precaution, disinfection, surveillance culture, and hand washing were 3.29, 4.05, 4.20, 4.50, 4.40 and 4.48 respectively. Nurses indicated "lack of time (30.06%)", "lack of means (10.78%)" and "lack of knowledge (9.48%)" as reasons for noncompliance. Conclusion: While most educational programs have focused on hand washing or use of protective devices to prevent transmission of MDRO in acute care settings, hospital nurses' knowledge of the basic concepts of MDRO and environmental management has remained insufficient. Nurses are relatively non-compliant to the guidelines in the areas of education (staff, patient, family) and communication. Comprehensive educational programs are needed to decrease hospital infection rates and to improve the health of patients.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.91-101
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the compliance and need for diet therapy among diabetics and their caregivers. A total of 625 respondents participated in this survey. Appropriate management for long-term blood glucose control and difficult-to-manage cases appeared to be diet therapy, physical activity, medical treatment and folk remedies, in that order. The most important educational avenues for diet therapy were books, magazines and TV, Most respondents were educated in diet therapy within a year after diagnosis and had practiced diet therapy for over four years. The most common diet therapy Practices were food selection and Quantity control. Of the specific problems in practicing diet therapy, time and labor, taste, and meal planning appeared to be equally difficult factors. The prevailing diet therapy skills were controlling food amounts at breakfast and supper, and selecting food for lunch and refreshments. Respondents practicing both skills were about 20% of the participants; this shows the need to improve the current situation. The nutrients most frequently considered in diet therapy practice were simple sugars (sugar and sweet goods) , total fats and cholesterol. Since the perception of the role of dietary fiber among respondents was very low, nutrition education about the importance of dietary fiber and food sources of dietary fiber was needed. Diabetics seemed to be concerned about diabetic menus. Three difficult problems in planning diabetic menus were daily menu planning, patient's preferences, and the calculation of calories. As a means of nutrition counseling, they preferred interviews. The higher the educational status and the lower the age, the higher the preference was for internet or PC counseling. Therefore, it is necessary to develop nutrition educational programs so that diabetics can obtain practical knowledge of diet therapy. Furthermore, it is also necessary to develop additional means of informing diabetics about menu planning, while still considering Korean dietary behavior.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.567-579
• /
• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 최근 사회적으로 큰 흐름으로 자리잡고 있는 로컬푸드 원칙에 대한 인식도와 준수도를 실증적으로 규명하는 것이다. 본 연구의 주요내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 로컬푸드 인식도에서는 신뢰관계, 지역생산 지역소비가 가장 중요한 요인으로 나타났고, 상대적으로 친환경성의 중요도는 낮게 나타났다. 이는 종사자와 전문가에서 통계적 차이를 나타내지 않는다. 따라서 로컬푸드 개념에서는 공간적 측면과 사회적 측면의 구성요소가 모두 중요하다. 둘째, 로컬푸드 준수도에서는 신뢰관계와 유통단계의 축소는 비교적 잘 지켜지는 반면, 친환경성과 이동거리는 상대적으로 잘 지켜지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 준수도의 경우 종사자와 전문가의 인식차이는 이동거리 축소에서만 나타나지 않고, 그 외 4개 요소에는 통계적 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 로컬푸드의 인식도와 준수도의 차이를 살펴보면, 친환경성과 신뢰관계, 그리고 유통단계 축소 등의 사회적 측면은 인식도와 준수도의 차이가 크지 않는 반면, 공간적 측면의 이동거리 축소와 지역생산 지역소비는 인식도와 준수도의 차이가 상대적으로 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2002

Objectives : To investigate the therapeutic compliance and its related factors in lung cancer patients. Methods : The subjects of this study comprised 277 patients first diagnosed with lung cancer at Kyungpook National University Hospital between Jan 1999 and Sept 1999. Of these, 141(50.9%) participated in the study by properly replying to structured questionnaires. The data was analyzed using a simplified Health Decision Model. This model includes categories of variables covering therapeutic compliance, health beliefs, patient preferences, knowledge and experience, social interaction, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Results : The therapeutic compliance rate of the 141 study subjects was 78.0%. An analysis of health beliefs and patient preferences revealed health concern (p<0.05), dependency on medicine (p<0.05), perceived susceptibility and severity (p<0.05) as well as preferred treatment (p<0.01) as factors related to therapeutic compliance. Factors from the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical factors that were related to therapeutic compliance were age (p<0.01), monthly income (p<0.05), histological type (p<0.05) and clinical stage (p<0.05) of cancer. Conclusions : In order to improve therapeutic compliance in lung cancer patients it is necessary to educate the aged, low-income patients, or patients who have small cell lung cancer or lune cancer of an advanced stage for which surgery is not indicated. Additionally, it is essential for medical personnel to have a deep concern about patients who have poor lifestyles, a low dependency on medicine, or a high perceived susceptibility and severity. Practically, early diagnosis of lung cancer and thoughtful considerations of low-income patients are important. By means of population-based education in a community, we may promote attention to health and enhance the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.132-157
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this article is to examine the cause of policy non-compliance in the case of pharmaceutical rebates from the perspective of rational choice institutionalism. In Korea, there have been rebates practices between pharmaceutical companies and hospitals since the introduction of the Actual Remuneration System for insured medicine in 1999. The government has chosen the policy means of punishment to eliminate pharmaceutical rebates but the illegal practices are still widespread. Institution in rational choice institutionalism usually reflects the incentives and preferences of actors, and the Actual Remuneration System has resulted in a the lack of procedures to ensure savings on drug expenditures. Pharmaceutical rebates are the product of the institutions which reflect their incentives: the Actual Remuneration System, the current pricing policy for generic drugs, the drug distribution system, and so on. In the end, the problem of the rebates is the consequence of policy non-compliance as actors' rational choice because their incentives lead to opportunistic behaviors. We should therefore understand the incentive structure of policy stakeholders, which is derived from the view of new institutionalism; also, the newly designed Korean drug pricing policy reform must be compatible with the incentive structure.