• 한국의류학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1981

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of handed-me-down clothing in the Che-ju elementary school children. Measures of attitudes toward handed-me-down clothing consisted of: 1) attitudes of receiver's 2) feeling of receive.'s 3) behaviors 4) possession 5) frequency of wearing handed-me-down clothing. Two aspects of clothing behaviors were slightly modified to assess conformity?individuality, satisfaction in clothing. The sample consisted of 565 students in Che-ju elementary school children, Korea. The data, collected by means of a self-administered questionaire, were analysed by Chi-Square ($X^2$) and Correlation(R). The results indicated that: 1. Handed-me-down clothing was not significantly different between elder brothers (sisters) and child. 2. Most of the children wanted to wear comfort, good style, fit and neat in handed-me-down clothing. 3. Most of the children were satisfied with their handed-me-down clothing and tended not to be aware of the source in clothing. 4. Most of the children had higher interest of individuality and satisfaction in clothing behaviors.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2003

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a signal molecule in the activation of defense responses in plants. In this study, we isolated 15 MeJA-inducible genes by subtractive hybridization. These genes encode two myrosinase-binding proteins, five lipase-like proteins, a polygalacturonase inhibitor, a putative chlorophyll-associated protein, a terpene synthase, a dehydroascorbate reductase, an ascorbate oxidase, a cysteine protease, an O-methyltransferase, and an epithiospecifier protein. Northern analysis showed that most of the Chinese cabbage genes are barely expressed in healthy leaves, but are strongly induced by MeJA treatment. We also examined whether these MeJA-inducible genes were activated by ethethon, BTH, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), a nonhost pathogen of Chinese cabbage. The results showed that none of the MeJA-inducible genes was strongly induced by ethephon or by BTH. The genes encoding lipase-like proteins and a myrosinase-binding protein were weakly induced by Pst. Other MeJA-inducible genes were not activated at all by the pathogen.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.642-647
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• 1992

Second-order rate constants have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of substituted phenyl acetates with butane-2,3-dione monoximate and p-chlorophenoxide anions in MeCN-H$_2$O mixtures of varying compositions. The reaction rate, unexpectedly, decreased remarkably upon initial additions of MeCN to H$_2$O up to 30-40 mole ${\%}$ MeCN, and followed by a gradual increase upon further additions of MeCN. The change in solvent composition also influenced the magnitude of the ${\alpha}$-effect, i.e., the ${\alpha}$-effect increased as the mole ${\%}$ MeCN increased. The solvent dependent ${\alpha}$-effect for the present system appears to indicate that the differential solvation between the ${\alpha}$-effect nucleophile and the corresponding normal nucleophile is not solely responsible but the difference in the transition-state stabilization is also responsible for the ${\alpha}$ -effect in organic solvent-rich region.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권spc8호
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• pp.2916-2920
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• 2011

Synthesis of halicylindramide A mimetics via solid-phase peptide synthesis is described. The N-Me-Gly-Thr residues in halicyclindramide A has been replaced by N-Me-Gly-Dpr, Lys, or N-Me-Gly-allo-Thr. Solution structures of the mimetics were compared by CD spectroscopy in an aqueous buffer and in TFE.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제64호
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• pp.89-103
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce mel-cepstrum modulation energy (MCME) for a feature to discriminate speech and music data. MCME is a mel-cepstrum domain extension of modulation energy (ME). MCME is extracted on the time trajectory of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, while ME is based on the spectrum. As cepstral coefficients are mutually uncorrelated, we expect the MCME to perform better than the ME. To find out the best modulation frequency for MCME, we perform experiments with 4 Hz to 20 Hz modulation frequency. To show effectiveness of the proposed feature, MCME, we compare the discrimination accuracy with the results obtained from the ME and the cepstral flux.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 1987

The general features and measured results of the 143cm, variable-energy, three sector-focused MC-50 cyclotron installed at Korea Cancer Center Hospital are described. The MC-50 cyclotron is designed to produce beams of protons, deuterons, He-3 and alpha particles of maximum energies 50MeV, 25MeV, 66MeV and 50MeV respectively to be used for neutron therapy and radioisotope production. The azimuthal field variation is produced by three sets of spiral ridges having a maximum spiral angle of $55^{\circ}$. The RF system, a two-dee quarter-wave system is designed to provide a continuously variable frequency from 15.5 to 26.8 MHz. The first external beam was obtained in January 1986. Subsequent internal ana external beam studies with protons and alphas show a well-behaved beam through the whole beam transport system.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.917-920
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• 2007

Ketene-forming eliminations from C4H3(S)CH2C(O)O-C6H3-2-X-4-NO2 (1) promoted by R2NH in MeCN have been studied kinetically. The reactions are second-order and exhibit Bronsted β =0.51-0.62 and |βlg|= 0.47-0.53. Hence, an E2 mechanism is evident. The Bronsted β increased from 0.33 to 0.53 and |βlg| remained nearly the same by the change of the base-solvent from Bz(i-Pr)NH/Bz(i-Pr)NH2+ in 70 mol% MeCN(aq) to Bz(i-Pr)NH-MeCN, indicating a change to a more symmetrical transition state with similar extents of Cβ -H and Cα -OAr bond cleavage. When the β-aryl group was changed from thienyl to phenyl in MeCN, the β value increased from 0.53 to 0.73 and |βlg| decreased from 0.53 to 0.43. This indicates that the transition state became skewed toward more Cβ -H bond breaking with less Cα-OAr bond cleavage. Noteworthy is the greater double bond stabilizing ability of the thienyl group in the ketene-forming transition state.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2019

본 연구는 더덕 사포닌의 최적 추출 방법을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 추출 방법에 따른 lancemasides 함량을 조사하기 위해 환류 추출(MeOH, BuOH), 열수 추출(Hot water), 초음파 추출(ultrasonic bath (40 kHz; continuous irradiation, interval irradiation), ultrasonicator (20 kHz))을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 총 lancemasides함량은 ultrasonic bath (MeOH; continuous irradiation) 추출에서 가장 높았고, ultrasonic bath (water; continuous irradiation) 추출>ultrasonic bath (MeOH; interval irradiation) 추출>ultrasonicator 추출>열수 추출>메탄올 환류 추출>부탄올 환류 추출 순으로 높았다. 따라서 더덕 사포닌의 최적 추출 방법은 MeOH을 이용한 초음파(ultrasonic bath, 40 kHz) 추출이었고, 추출 전 시료 건조 방법은 동결건조보다 음건으로 건조하는 것이 lancemasides 추출에 더 효과적이었다. 또한 초음파 추출 시 추출 시간은 2시간, 추출 온도는 $64^{\circ}C$에서 추출 하는 것이 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 초음파(ultrasonic bath)추출은 기존에 주로 이용하던 환류 추출 및 분획을 실시했을 때 보다 많은 양의 사포닌(lancemasides)을 추출할 수 있었다. 그리고 추출 시간과 온도와 같은 추출 조건에 따라 aster saponin Hb가 lancemaside류로 성분 변화가 일어나는 것을 확인하였다. 특히 추출 온도가 증가함에 따라 aster saponin의 함량이 줄어들고, lancemaside A의 함량이 증가하는 것으로 보아 추출 온도가 사포닌 성분 변화에 영향을 주는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.642-649
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• 2015

Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) is the method for joining two overlapped base materials when high pressure and current is applied from electrodes. Due to the safety problem such high pressure and voltage, automation should be early adopted. In this paper, the spot welding is developed as a computational model of wheel house from GM Korea and the welding condition such as weld sequence is considered. The computational analysis is preceded as a static and elasto-plastic procedure and used thermal expansion coefficient represents a dependency of spot volume between two panels. In case of welding sequence, the efficiency which depends on the distance between current spot point and the other is calculated in several cases.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.565-572
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• 2021

Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infections are typically diagnosed by serological tests. However, serological diagnosis of RH strain-induced toxoplasmosis remains unknown. In order to develop seradiagnosis of above 2 kinds of infections, we generated recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying the T. gondii rhoptry protein 4 (ROP4) and evaluated their potential in T. gondii ME49 or RH strain infection diagnostics. Mice were orally infected with either the tachyzoites of T. gondii (RH) or cysts of T. gondii (ME49) at various dosages, and sera were collected at regular intervals. ELISA-based serological tests were performed to assess IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody responses against ROP4 VLP antigen and tissue lysate antigen (TLA). Compared to TLA, IgG, IgM, and IgA levels to ROP4 VLP antigen were significantly higher in the sera of T. gondii RH-infected mice 1 and 2 week post-infection (PI). T. gondii-specific IgG antibody was detected at 1, 2, 4, and 8 week PI in the T. gondii ME49-infected mice with infection dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that the ROP4 VLP antigen was highly sensitive antigens detecting T. gondii RH and ME49 antibodies at an early stage.