• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2011

GOSST의 생성은 NP-Complete 영역에 속하므로, 이 문제를 위한 휴리스틱들은, 다수의 입력 노드에 대해서 많은 시간과 계산을 요구한다. 본 논문에서는 가중치를 가지는 많은 입력 노드에 대해, 공간 지역성을 반영한 PTAS를 적용하여 GOSST를 효과적으로 구성하는 방법을 제안한다. 최대 가중치가 100인 40,000개의 입력 노드에 대하여 16개의 단위 영역으로 설계된 공간 지역성 PTAS GOSST는, 가중치 최소 신장 트리를 이용한 방법과 비교하여 연결비용은 약 4.00%, 실행시간은 89.26%를 절감할 수 있었으며, PTAS를 이용하지 않은 근사 GOSST 방법(SGOSST)에 비해서 연결비용은 0.03% 증가했으나, 실행시간은 96.39% 감소시켰다. 따라서 제안된 공간 지역성 PTAS GOSST 방법은 수많은 가중치 입력 노드들을 최소비용으로 신속히 연결하려는 다양한 응용에 잘 적용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2008

Independent suspension axle and final reduction gear for special-purpose vehicles such as a armored vehicles are almost imported in Germany etc. so, developing them is necessary to save cost. In severe condition (open fields, water surface driving, obstacle pass), special-purpose vehicles must work well. Drop box, axle and final reduction gear performed static analysis. We know that is possible weight reduction. The purpose of this paper is to find out the optimal shape of final reduction gear's case by means of response surface methodology. The response surface method is the statistical method which can be applied to the non-sensitivity based optimization. The response surface which is constructed by the least square method contains only the polynomial terms so that the global maximum and minimum points are easily obtained.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.859-867
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the optimum dietary lipid level in juvenile river puffer. Five semi-purified diets were formulated with corn oil to contain graded levels of lipid levels of 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18%. Fish averaging $8.32{\pm}0.02$ g randomly were fed the experimental diets in triplicate groups for 8 weeks. After the 8-weeks feeding trial, weight gain and specific growth rate of fish fed the 9% diet were significantly higher than those of fish fed the 15 and 18% diets (P<0.05) but there was not significantly different from that of fish fed the 6, 9 and 12% diets. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the 6, 9 and 12% diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the 18% diet (P<0.05). Visceralsomatic index of fish fed 18% diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed the 6% diet (P <0.05) but there was not significantly different from that of fish fed the 9, 12, 15 and 18% diets. No significant differences were observed in condition factor, hepatosomatic index and whole body composition among all the fish groups. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride fish fed of 18% diet were significantly higher than that of fish fed the other diets (P<0.05). Optimum dietary lipid levels by using broken-line model and by using second order polynomial were estimated at 7.01% and 8.98% for the maximum growth of fish respectively. Therefore, these results suggested that the optimum dietary lipid level could be greater than 7.01% but less than 8.98% for the maximum growth in juvenile river puffer.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.915-922
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the optimum dietary protein level in juvenile river puffer. Five semi-purified diets were formulated by using casein to contain graded levels of protein levels of 35, 45, 50, 55 and 65%. Fish averaging $8.56{\pm}0.04g$ were randomly assigned to one of five experimental diets in triplicate groups for 8 weeks. After the 8-weeks of feeding trial, weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed 45, 50 and 55% diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed 35 and 65% diets (P<0.05). Protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the 35% diet was significantly higher than those of fish fed 65% diet (P<0.05), but there were no significant difference among those of fish fed 45, 50 and 55% diets. Specific growth rate of fish fed 50% diet was significantly higher than those of fish fed 35 and 65% diets (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference among those of fish fed 45, 50 and 55% diets. No significant differences were observed in condition factor, hepatosomatic index, visceralsomatic index and survival among those of fish fed all the diets. Optimum dietary protein levels by using broken-line model and by using second order polynomial were estimated at 45.9% and 51.6% for the maximum growth of fish respectively. Therefore, these results suggested that the optimum dietary protein level could be greater than 45.9% but less than 51.6% for the maximum growth in juvenile river puffer.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1045-1057
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• 2022

최근 양자 내성 암호 표준화 사업을 진행 중인 미국의 국립표준기술연구소는 표준화가 확정된 4개의 알고리즘을 발표하였다. 본 논문에서는 PKE/KEM 분야에서 표준화가 확정된 CRYSTALS-KYBER 알고리즘의 복호화 과정 중 비프로파일링 기반 전력 분석 공격인 CPA(Correlation Power Analysis)와 DDLA(Differential Deep Learning Analysis)에 의해 개인 키가 노출될 수 있음을 보이고자 한다. 실험 결과 개인 키의 일차 다항식 계수복구에 성공하였으며, 특히 DDLA에서는 중간 값의 해밍 웨이트(Hamming Weight)를 라벨로 사용하는 모델에서 평가 기법인 NMM(Normalized Maximum Margin)의 값이 13.0으로 가장 높은 값을 가져 개인 키를 복구할 수 있는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 복호화 과정 중 암호문을 랜덤하게 분할하고 계수별 곱셈 연산의 시작 지점을 랜덤화하는 방어 기법을 적용하면 상기한 공격을 방어하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2015

본 논문은 되먹임 집합 문제인 무방향 그래프의 정점과 간선, 방향 그래프의 노드와 호 문제들 중 간선 문제에 한정한 최소 원소개수 되먹임 간선 집합과 최소 가중치 되먹임 간선 집합 문제의 최적 해를 다항시간으로 얻는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 그래프의 간선 집합은 최대신장트리 간선 집합과 최소 되먹임 간선집합의 합이 되는 특성을 적용하였다. 즉, 최소 되먹임 간선집합은 최대신장트리 간선 집합의 여집합인 특성이 있다. 제안된 알고리즘은 최소신장트리를 얻는 Kruskal 알고리즘을 변형시켜 간선들의 가중치를 내림차순으로 정렬시켜 사이클이 발생하지 않는 간선은 최대신장트리 간선 집합 MXST로, 사이클이 발생하는 간선은 되먹임 간선 집합 FES로 양분하는 방법으로 최적 해를 얻었다. 제안된 알고리즘은 그래프의 간선 수 만큼 수행하는 선형시간 복잡도를 갖는 특징이 있다. 간선 가중치가 없는 경우와 가중치가 있는 다양한 무방향 그래프에 제안된 알고리즘을 적용한 결과 100% 쉽게 최적 해를 얻는데 성공하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2016

This paper presents the characteristics of the energy absorption in an expansion tube type impact absorber that is applied to a high weight drop tester and the use of a response surface methodology to predict the impact energy absorption. In order to identify the characteristics of the energy absorption, a set of finite element analysis was conducted with Abaqus Explicit. Moreover, the ISCD-II sampling method and a first order polynomial were used to build a response surface. As a result, we demonstrated that the impact energy could be controlled by four main design variables, namely an expansion pipe's thickness, inner radius, pressing die's expansion angle and expansion ratio. Additionally, we observed the relationship between the four main design variables and the impact energy absorbing time, displacement, and maximum impact force.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.406-415
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• 2012

The corrosion inhibition of copper-nickel alloy by Ethylenediamine (EDA) and Diethylenetriamine (DETA) in 1.5M HCl has been investigated by weight loss technique at different temperatures. Maximum value of inhibitor efficiency was 75% at $35^{\circ}C$ and 0.2 M inhibitor concentration EDA, while the lower value was 4% at $35^{\circ}C$ and 0.01 M inhibitor concentration DETA. Two mathematical models were used to represent the corrosion rate data, second order polynomial model and exponential model respectively. Nonlinear regression analysis showed that the first model was better than the second model with high correlation coefficient. The reactivity of studied inhibitors was analyzed through theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that the reactive sites were located on the nitrogen (N1, N2 and N4) atoms.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제85권2호
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• pp.275-287
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• 2023

The use of environmental-friendly building materials is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Compared to the normal concrete, rubber-based concrete is considered more durable, environmentally friendly, socially and economically viable. In this investigation, M20 grade concrete was designed and the fine aggregates were replaced with crumb rubber of two different micron sizes (0.221 mm and 0.350 mm). Fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF) replaces the binder as supplementary cementitious materials at a rate of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% by weight. The mechanical properties of concrete including compressive strength, tensile, and flexural strength were determined. The polynomial work expectation validates the response surface approach (RSM) concept for optimizing SF and FA substitution. The maximum compressive strength (22.53 MPa) can be observed for the concrete containing 10% crumb rubber, 15% fly ash and 15% silica fume. The reduced unit weight of the rubberized concrete may be attributed to the lower specific gravity of the rubber particles. Two-way ANOVA with a significance criterion of less than 0.001 has been utilized with modest residual error from the lack of fit and the pure error. The predictive model accurately forecasts the variable-response relationship. Since, the crumb rubber is obtained from wasted tires incorporating FA and SF as a cementitious ingredient, it helps to significantly improve mechanical properties of concrete and reduce environmental degradation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.5009-5014
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• 2015

사질토 지반 위에 놓여 있는 점토지반에 대한 좁은굴착시 간극수압에 의한 융기현상이 발생할 수 있다. 간극수압에 의한 융기현상의 평가는 지반보를 고려해서 하게 되는데 좀 더 엄밀한 평가를 위해서는 지반보에 발생하는 응력분포의 결정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 탄성론에 근거하여 지반보에 발생하게 되는 응력분포와 변위분포 산정식을 제시하였다. 지반보의 자중에 의해 지반보내에 발생하는 응력분포를 5차 다항식으로 표현되는 응력함수로부터 유도하였는데 지반보의 깊이에 따른 연직응력의 분포는 포물선 분포를 나타내었으며 연직하향으로 작용함을 알 수 있었다. 단위중량이 $16kN/m^3이고 두께와 폭이 1m인 지반보인 경우 보의 내부에 발생하는 최대 연직응력의 크기는 1.7kPa 정도였다. 지반보 바닥면에 간극수압이 작용하는 경우의 응력분포를 자중에 의한 응력분포에 중첩시켜 구하였는데 지반보 자중의 5배에 해당하는 간극수압이 작용하는 경우 지반보의 깊이를 따라 곡선형태의 연직방향 압축응력분포를 나타내었다. 간극수압이 작용하는 경우에 대해 유도된 지반보의 응력분포로부터 변위분포를 유도하고 그 예측식을 제시하였다.