• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2023

The Tibetan Plateau is home to the only alpine crane species, the black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis). Conservation efforts are severely hampered by a lack of knowledge on the spatial distribution and breeding habitats of this species. The ecological niche modeling framework used to predict the spatial distribution of this species, based on the maximum entropy and occurrence record data, allowed us to generate a species-specific spatial distribution map in Ladakh, Trans-Himalaya, India. The model was created by assimilating species occurrence data from 486 geographical sites with 24 topographic and bioclimatic variables. Fourteen variables helped forecast the distribution of black-necked cranes by 96.2%. The area under the curve score for the model training data was high (0.98), indicating the accuracy and predictive performance of the model. Of the total study area, the areas with high and moderate habitat suitability for black-necked cranes were anticipated to be 8,156 km² and 6,759 km², respectively. The area with high habitat suitability within the protected areas was 5,335 km². The spatial distribution predicted using our model showed that the majority of speculated conservation areas bordered the existing protected areas of the Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary. Hence, we believe, that by increasing the current study area, we can account for these gaps in conservation areas, more effectively.

• Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.703-707
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• 2021

In this work, we have designed a new high entropy alloy containing lightweight elements, e.g., Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Cu, Si by high energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering. The composition of Si was kept at 0.75 at% in this study. The results showed that the produced AlCuFeMnTiSi_0.75 high entropy alloy was BCC structured. The evolution of BCC1 and BCC2 phases was observed with increasing the milling time up to 60 h. The spark plasma sintering treatment of milled compacts from 650-950℃ showed the phase separation of BCC into BCC1 and BCC2. The density and strength of these developed high entropy alloys (95-98%, and 1000 HV) improved with milling time and were maximum at 850℃ sintering temperature. The current work demonstrated desirable possibilities of Al-Si based high entropy alloys for substitution of traditional cast components at intermediate temperature applications.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 영상의 밝기 평균과 분산을 이용하여 영상의 엔트로피를 최대화하는 히스토그램 명세화 기반의 영상 향상 기법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 히스토그램 명세화 과정에서 입력 히스토그램과 목적 히스토그램 모두를 가우시안 분포로 모델링한다. 이 과정에서 입력 가우시안 분포의 평균과 분산은 입력영상의 밝기 평균값과 분산을 각각 그대로 사용한다. 목적 가우시안 분포의 평균도 입력영상의 밝기 평균값을 사용하지만, 분산은 출력 영상의 엔트로피가 최대화되는 분산을 결정하여 사용한다. 다양한 영상에 대한 실험 결과에 의하면, 기존 방법들에 비해 제안 방법은 영상의 평균 밝기를 잘 유지하면서 자연스러운 개선 결과를 보여준다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.192-210
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• 2024

Most frequency-domain remote sensing image watermarking algorithms embed watermarks at random locations, which have negative impact on the watermark invisibility. In this study, we propose an adaptive watermarking scheme for remote sensing images that considers the information complexity to select where to embed watermarks to improve watermark invisibility without affecting algorithm robustness. The scheme converts remote sensing images from RGB to YCbCr color space, performs two-level DWT on luminance Y, and selects the high frequency coefficient of the low frequency component (HH^Y₂) as the watermark embedding domain. To achieve adaptive embedding, HH^Y₂ is divided into several 8*8 blocks, the entropy of each sub-block is calculated, and the block with the maximum entropy is chosen as the watermark embedding location. During embedding phase, the watermark image is also decomposed by two-level DWT, and the resulting high frequency coefficient (HH^W₂) is then embedded into the block with maximum entropy using α- blending. The experimental results show that the watermarked remote sensing images have high fidelity, indicating good invisibility. Under varying degrees of geometric, cropping, filtering, and noise attacks, the proposed watermarking can always extract high identifiable watermark images. Moreover, it is extremely stable and impervious to attack intensity interference.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1390-1397
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• 1996

In this paper, in case of segmenting an image by a fuzzy entropy, an image segmentation algorithm is derived under an extended fuzzy entropy including the probabilistic including the probabilistic information in order to cover the toal uncertainty of information contained in fuzzy sets. By describing the image with fuzzysets, the total uncertainty of a fuzzy set consists of the uncertain information arising from its fuzziness and the uncertain information arising from the randomness in its ordinary set. To optimally segment all the boundary regions in the image, the total entropy function is computed by locally applving the fuzzy and Shannon entropies within the width of the fuzzy regions and the image is segmented withthe global maximum andlocal maximawhich correspond to the boundary regions. Comtional one by detecting theboundary regions more than 5 times.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.91-105
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• 1990

베이시안 결정론에서 사전 확률 분포함수는 표본을 추출하기 이전에 추정하여야 한다. 대개 는 분포함수군을 먼저 선택한 후, 그 중 하나를 결정자의 경험을 통하여 선택한다. 이러한 주관적인 사전 확률 분포함수의 선택방법이 베이시안 결정론에 대한 주요비판이 항상 되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 최대 엔트로피 이론을 이용하여 우리 주변의 의사결정에 많이 이용되 는 정보들에 관한 객관적인 사전 확률 분포함수들을 구하였다. 그 결과는 히스토그램 형태 의 분포함수가 된다. 그러나 사전 정보가 많은 경우에는 최대 엔트로피 모형의 해를 구하기 위하여 복잡한 비선형 연립방정식을 풀어야 하는데, 구체적인 형태의 함수를 구하지 못하는 경우가 대부분이다. 이 때에는 초소의 크로스 엔트로피 모형을 이용하여 사전확률 분포함수 를 구하는 것이 편리하다. 그밖에 엔트로피 이론으로 구한 사전확률 분포함수의 확률적 수 렴성을 증명하였다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1998

A theoretical and experimental study was carried out to predict the drop size distribution of the pressure swirl atomizer. Various analytical methods using the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability theory were tried to examine the wave growth on cylindrical liquid sheets. Cylinderical liquid sheets were extended to the case with the conical sheets. Perturbations due to tangential motion as well as longitudinal one were taken into account. And it was assumed that the breakup occurs when amplitude ratio exceeds exp(12), drop sizes were predicted only by theoretical approach. Drop size distribution was obtained by using maximum entropy formalism. Seven constraints in the form of the definition of mean diameter were used in this formulation in order to avoid the difficulties of estimating source terms. In this study $D_{10}$ only was introduced into the formulation as a constraint. The predicted drop size and drop size distribution agreed well with the measured data.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2009

강화학습을 통한 지능형시스템은 게임, 웹 검색 등 많은 분야에서 연구되고 있다. 좋은 훈련 모델은 훈련데이터에도 적합해야 하며 이전에 접해 보지 못한 레코드들도 정확하게 분류되어야 한다. 훈련 데이터에 잘 맞는 모델은 과인적합 되어서 좋지 못한 일반화의 오류를 가질 수 있다. 어떤 분야에서도 이런 과잉적합은 피할 수 없는 문제이며 과잉적합을 방지하는 연구는 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 과잉적합을 감소시키기 위한 방법으로 자연계의 모델인 엔트로피와 돌연변이를 웹 검색에 적용하여 제시한다. 학습과정은 엔트로피의 변화량으로 설명될 수 있고, 자연계의 적자로 생존할 수 있는 돌연변이 현상은 데이터마이닝에서 엔트로피의 인위적 발생으로 설명될 수 있다. 즉, 최대 엔트로피를 주기적으로 발생시키는 방안을 본 논문에서 제시한다. 훈련데이터의 최대 엔트로피 모델은 지능형 웹 검색의 주기적 일반화 강화과정이라고 볼 수 있다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

The purpose of water distribution system is supplying water to users by maintaining appropriate pressure and water quality. For efficient monitoring of the water distribution system, determination of optimal locations for pressure monitoring is essential. In this study, entropy theory was applied to determine the optimal locations for pressure monitoring. The entropy which is defined as the amount of information was calculated from the pressure change due to the variation of demand reflected the abnormal conditions at nodes, and the emitter function (fire hydrant) was used to reproduce actual pressure change pattern in EPANET. The optimal combination of monitoring points for pressure detection was determined by selecting the nodes receiving maximum information from other nodes using genetic algorithm. The Ozger's and a real network were evaluated using the proposed model. From the results, it was found that the entropy theory can provide general guideline to select the locations of pressure sensors installation for optimal design and monitoring of the water distribution systems. During decision-making phase, optimal combination of monitoring points can be selected by comparing total amount of information at each point especially when there are some constraints of installation such as limitation of available budget.

• 정보학연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 1999

본 논문은 음성인식 시스템에서 정확도를 높이기 위해 후처리 단계에서 후보 단어들의 엔트로피 정보를 이용하였다. 기존의 우도비 검출방법은 음성 데이터에 따라 음성인식 시스템의 성능이 변하고 N개의 후보단어들의 우도값이 비슷하여 오인식 발생확률이 높았다. 그러나 본 눈문에서는 각 후보 단어들의 엔트로피 값보다 인식대상 단어 외의 단어들의 엔트로피 값이 상대적으로 낮은 후보를 거절하는 후처리 방법을 사용하여 음성 데이터에 독립적이면서도 변별력을 높인 정확한 음성인식 시스템을 얻을 수 있었다. 실험 결과 본 논문에서 제안하는 엔트로피에 의한 후처리 방법은 우도비에 의한 방법보다 인식 시스템의 성능을 false alarm이 20%일 때 최대 3.6% 향상시킬 수 있었다.