Fay Elberta freestone peaches were harvested at four maturity levels as judged by skin color and firmness. They were ripened at $68^{\circ}F$ under 80 percent relative humidity for 4, 6, 8 and 10 days respectively prior to canning. Results indicate that both harvest maturity and ripening conditions are important factors influencing quality, flavor and composition of canned freestone peaches. Peaches harvested at $18{\sim}24$ pounds on a Magness-Taylor pressure tester with a 7/16' plunger(M1) failed to ripen satisfactorily. Fruits harvested at $13{\sim}17$ pounds (M2) pressure test ripened successfully at $68^{\circ}F$ within 6 to 8 days; and those harvested at 6 to 12 pounds (M3) needed 4 days for ripening at $68^{\circ}F$. Tree-ripened fruits (M4) were undesirable for canning because of the high percentage of bruised fruits. The optimum firmness for canning appears to be in the range of 1.5 to 3.0 pounds. The titratable acidity of peaches decreased during maturation and ripening. The tannin content of peaches at M1 maturity decreased with ripening at $68^{\circ}F$. But no appreciable change was observed in the M2 and M3 series which were ripened at $68^{\circ}F$ for 4 to 10 days. The volatile reducing substances (V.R.S.) increased as the peaches developed on the tree and also during post-harvest ripening. The effect of harvest maturity and post-harvest ripening on color grade of the canned peaches is presented. Little difference was found in the flavor and composition of peaches peeled by the cup-down lye peeling and the steam-peeling methods. The cup-down lye-peeling method might be most advantageous because of its higher peeling efficiency.
Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
/
v.29
no.5
/
pp.1153-1165
/
2019
Recently, threats of hacking have been increasing on the national intelligence service network and key infrastructure, including the defense field. The defense information system responds to threats from the outside through the network separation, but if the defense information system is hacked, it has a serious impact on the operations of wartime or peacetime military forces. Today, cyberattacks and threats are rising to unpredictable levels and making it practically impossible to completely block and prevent hacking threats completly. So, in this study proposed a maturity model to assess the level of cyber-resilience, which is the ability to ensure the system's viability and maintain continuity through rapid response and recovery if signs of cyberattacks by the defense information system are expected or occurred. The proposed maturity model is expected to contribute to improving the cyber security level of the defense information system by assessing the level of cyber resilience of the defense information system and identifying and supplementing fields that are lacking.
Lim, Han Kyu;Jeong, Min Hwan;Do, Yong Hyun;Son, Maeng Hyun
Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
/
v.24
no.6
/
pp.1003-1012
/
2012
The gonadosomatic index (GSI), sex steroid hormones and gonadal development of roughscale sole Clidoderma asperrimum cultured in indoor tank were investigated to evaluate its sexual maturation and reproductive cycle. The highest GSI values of female and male were $6.91{\pm}4.03$ (May) and $0.16{\pm}0.08$ (August), respectively. The reproductive cycle would be classified into four successive developmental stages: growing stage (December to February), maturation stage (March to April), ripe and spawning stage (May to June), recovery and resting stage (July to November). The highest plasma testosterone (T) and estradiol-$17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) levels of female were $259.4{\pm}76.8$ and $633.3{\pm}182.5$ pg/mL, respectively in May. Also $17{\alpha}$, $20{\beta}$-dihydroxy-4-pregen-3-one ($17{\alpha}$, $20{\beta}$-OHP) levels of female peaked in April before spawning season ($244.2{\pm}42.5$ pg/mL). The highest plasma testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone levels of male were $231.0{\pm}46.0$ and $273.9{\pm}54.5$ pg/mL, respectively in April. But there was no significant difference in $17{\alpha}$, $20{\beta}$-OHP.
Kim, Eunjoo;Rew, Han-Jin;Wickramasuriya, Samiru Sudharaka;Lee, Soo Kee;Shin, Taeg Kyun;Cho, Hyun Min;Heo, Jung Min
Korean Journal of Poultry Science
/
v.44
no.4
/
pp.245-251
/
2017
A dose-response experiment was conducted to determine the lysine requirement for broiler breeder hens during pre-peak production. Totally, one hundred and twenty-six flock 23-week-old Ross 308 broiler breeder hens with similar body weight were selected ($2,188{\pm}32g$) for a 6-week experiment. Hens were fed with a basal diet of corn-wheat-soybean meal formulated to achieve the Ross 308 breeder nutrient specifications (2016), except for lysine. The 7 graded, daily lysine intake levels used in this experiment were 732, 785, 838, 891, 944, 997, and 1,050 mg, and hens were restricted to 133 g of feed throughout this experiment. Pen based egg production were recorded once a day and all eggs were weighed daily. Age at sexual maturity was determined when the hens attained age at 25% production. Body weight at 23~29 weeks of age was not affected (P>0.05) by lysine levels. By fitting a linear-plateau model, the daily lysine requirements for feed conversion ratio, total produced egg weight, and age at sexual maturity at 23~29 weeks of age were estimated as 865, 907, and 891 mg, respectively. Using a quadratic-plateau model, the daily lysine requirement at 23~29 weeks of age were estimated as 974, 964, and 950 mg for feed conversion ratio, total produced egg weight, and age at sexual maturity, respectively. These results suggested that the daily lysine requirement for modern broiler breeder hens according to the National Research Council (1994) are insufficient for higher total produced egg weight, sexual maturity, and feed efficiency, and 120% of the NRC recommendation level would improve hen productivity when data are fitted under linear- and quadratic-plateau models.
Three dietary ME levels of 3,200, 2,900 and 2,600 kcal /kg in the same 13% single-stage low protein diet were compared to evaluate the effect of ME levels of grower diets on egg-type pullet growth and subsequent laying performance. As the ME levels of grower diets decreased, cumulative feed and protein consumptions increased(P<0.05), however, the ME intake and body weight at 18 wk of age decreased(P<0.05). Grower feed cost decreased as the dietary ME level was decreased, but no significant difference was found among dietary ME levels of grower diets. During the laying period, sexual maturity, hen-day egg production and average egg weight were not significantly affected by the ME levels of grower diet, however, daily feed intake and feed required per egg decreased as the dietary ME level of grower diet was reduced(P<0.05). Results of this study indicate that pullets can be reared on the low ME diet of 2,600 kcal /kg and it would he economical to utilize the low energy diet during the growing period when they are reared on a 13% single-stage low protein diet.
This study aims to determine the optimal maturity of strawberry fruits as affected by the application of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) and its optimal concentration for postharvest stability and quality. Prior to application of treatments, fruits that were classified into levels of maturity (0%, 50%, 70% and 100%) were air-dried for 40 minutes and stored in the refrigerator at $4^{\circ}C$ for 12 days. Fruits at 70% maturity were dipped into 0, 10, 50 and $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ LPE solutions for 1 minute. A lower range of concentration (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and $25mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) was applied to fruits at different maturity levels. Data on fresh weight, hardness at vertical and horizontal loading positions, color index and sugar content during storage were collected. Based on fruits with 70% maturity dipped in LPE concentrations, there were no significant differences found on fresh weight, color index and sugar content. However, the application of $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ LPE gave the highest hardness at vertical loading position while $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ had the lowest average. At lower range of LPE concentrations, fresh weight was not significantly affected by LPE application and maturity levels. Hardness of fruits was mainly based on the maturity of the fruits. Increased hardness was observed in the fruits with 70% maturity dipped into the $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of LPE solution. The hardness and Hunter's $L^*$ and $b^*$ value of 100% matured fruits gave lowest values despite the application of $25mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ LPE 12 days after storage.
Present studies were carried out to get a basic information for biological control of soybean rod borer, Grapholitha glycinivorella Matsumura, causing main injury in soybean cultivation in Korea. 1474 native strains were cultivated in field to evaluate the pod borer damage. Pubescence density and color, maturity group, seed coat color, aphid and general leaf damage and seed damage by pod borer were investigated, and determined among their relationships. As another basic study for ecological control of insect, 6 leading varieties were planted on different planting date with 3 levels of plant spacing, on which pod borer damage and some related agronomic characters were studied. The results obtained one summarized as follows: Average injury of soybean pod borer was $5.2\%$ ranging $0-38\%$ in 1474 strains planted on 20 May. Non-significant correlations were found between pod borer damage and pubescence density and color, while pod borer damage closely related with maturity groupand aphid damage at $5\%$ level ofttests. Most severe damage was found in green seed coast color and maturity group V. Late and sparse plantings tend to have more damages to the pod borer than those of early and dense plantings. Pod setting date and period of pod maturing seemed related with pod borer damage. Bongeui and Chungbuk-baik cultivars were resistance to soybean pod borer, while Clark and Kumkang-daerip were susceptible in field tests.
Effect of the pretreatment with acetic acid(0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%) on the fermentation of Chinese cabbage Kimchi, and differences in the degree of maturity between Chinese cabbage blades and midribs were observed. To estimate the degree of maturity, correlation analysis was used with several variables such as pH, titratable acidity, volatile acidity, ascorbic acid content, resazurin test value and pH/acidity ratio. Based on the pH and titratable acidity, the degree of maturity of Chinese cabbage midribs fermented at 10$^{\circ}C$ until the optimum stage of fermentation increased more rapidly than those of the blades. The stage of maturity of Kimchi pretreated with 0.01% acetic acid were slightly prolonged, compared to those pretreated with acetic acid at the higher levels. The pH of Chinese cabbage midribs and blades pretreated with acetic acid was lower than those of control between 2nd and l0th day of fermentation. The volatile acidity of Chinese cabbage midribs and blades increased proportionally with the concentration of acetic acid. The ascorbic acid contents of Chinese cabbage midribs showed higher than those of Chinese cabbage blades. During the fermentation, the higher concentration of acetic acid was used, the less ascorbic acid content was remained. The pH/acidity ratio, volatile acidity, ascorbic acid content and resazurin test value of Chinese cabbage midribs and blades during Kimchi fermentation at 10$^{\circ}C$ showed good correlations with the pH and titratable acidity.
PURPOSE This study was intended to analyze the play-form of normal preschool children as related to age, sex, educational experience and social maturity. METHOD 1. Subjects The subjects of this study were eighty seven 3-, 4- and 5-year-old preschool children attending educational institutions in Seoul. 2. Instruments The instruments used in this study consisted of twenty one-minute observations in 5 preschool settings and a questionnaire designed to measure the children's social maturity filled in by their parents. The observations provided information on the children's free play, that is 1) play-form: solitary, parallel and group play 2) use/non-use of toys 3) behavior: play, activity, doing nothing, onlooking 4) stationary/moving dimensions 5) play group size The questionnaire measured such factors as communication, socialization, locomotion, self-help and self-direction. 3. Data Analysis Data analysis consisted of percentage and Chi square. RESULTS 1. Play-Form The relationship between age and play-form proved to be significant at the .05 level. That is, in both boys and girls, solitary play decreased with age and group play increased with age while parallel play maintained a similar position. The relationship between sex and play-form proved to be significant at the .05 level in 3-& 4-year-old children, but not significant in 5-year-old children. That is, in their $3^{rd}$ year boys engage in the solitary play more than girls and in their $4^{th}$ year boys engage in more group play than girls. 2. Toys Without differentiation of sex and age, cases of using toys in play exceed those cases where toys were not used. 3. Behavior The relationship between age and behavior proved to be significant at the .05 level in both boys and girls. That is, with increase of age, play decreased and activity increased in boys while play increased and doing nothing decreased in girls. 4. Moving Status Totally, moving occurred more frequently in play than stationary status. Moving proved not to have a significant relationship with age, but it did Navel a significant relationship with sex at the .05 level. That is, moving tended to increase with the increase in age in both boys and girls, but not at a significant level. Boys moved significantly more than girls in all three age levels. 5. The Relationship between Educational Experience and Play-Form There was a tendency for children with longer preschool experience to engage in less solitary play and more group play than children who had less than one semester of preschool experience, but this difference was not statistically significant. 6. The Relationship between Social Maturity and Play-Form The high social maturity group engaged in less solitary play and more group play than the low social maturity group, but this was not a statistically significant difference. 7. Play Group Size Play group size was 2~10 children, but the majority of play groups consisted of 2~3 children. There was a tendency for play groups composed of 2 children to decrease with age and play groups composed of 3 children to increase with age. No significant difference was found between the sexes in play group size.
Kim, Sunho;Lee, Changsoo;Chung, Seungho;Kim, Hakcheol;Lee, Changsoo
Informatization Policy
/
v.22
no.1
/
pp.28-46
/
2015
Although the demand for the use of public data increases in accordance with the expansion of Government 3.0, the poor level of data quality and its management currently implemented is becoming obstacles to opening data to the public. To improve the efficiency of management, linkage and usage for data, standardized processes for data quality management have to be prepared and appropriate data quality assessment criteria should be established. In this paper, we propose the organizational maturity model that can assess the public data quality management level. This model consists of the process reference model and the measurement framework. Fifteen processes grouped by the PDCA cycle are defined in the process reference model. The measurement framework measures the organizational maturity level based on process capability levels. The organizational maturity model can be used to establish objectives and directions for public data quality improvement by diagnosis of current level of public data quality management and problem solving. This model can also facilitate open to the private sector and activate usage of stable public data through reliability enhancement.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.