• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.23-58
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• 2014

This study investigates the effects of product strategies and CEO characteristics on the growth of venture firms. These factors are related with strategic behaviors and managerial capabilities of small and dynamic firms. According to empirical results of FGLS regression with the data of the Korean venture firms, both product strategies and CEO characteristics have significant effects on firm growth and additionally explanatory powers. In general, the growth rates of venture firms tend to increase with the level of product's diversity and marketing-enhancing strategy, but decrease with the degree of product's innovation-enhancing strategy. The growth rates are higher when CEO is non-founder and has sufficient experience related to current business, and CEO's career development is focused on general management area. The effects of product strategies and CEO characteristics are moderated by the firm-internal factor such as organizational growth stage. The positive effects of some product strategies (e.g. marketing-enhancing strategy) and CEO characteristics(e.g. career focused on general management) become stronger for firms operating in the stage of start-up or initial growth, while their effects become negative or insignificant for firms operating in the mature or declining stage in which the negative effect of innovation-enhancing strategy does not exist.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.211-231
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• 2005

It is important for marketers to understand both individual resistance and group resistance in order to successfully bring innovations into global markets. We suggest that consumers resist innovations as individuals and as members of a group and that they do this in different ways at different stages of decision-making. The individual resistance begins with forms of initial resistance, develops into emergent resistance and mature or belated resistance at the individual level. In addition, personal moral standards can influence decision making in relation to the adoption of innovations. Individual resistance is sometimes accompanied by or evolves into group resistance. We introduce a framework for thinking about consumer resistance to innovations that sees it as a consequence of social identity, which has functions for the individual, the group to which one belongs, and other individuals and groups. Consumers with membership in a certain group try to increase their self-esteem through the process of social comparison. The more consumers strongly identify with and bond with a certain group, the more in-group solidarity and out-group hostility will occur. Out-group hostility gives group members strong resistance toward products and services related to the out-group. Individual resistance and group resistance are threats to marketers and dampen performance. By considering the existence of resistance to innovations and seeking strategies to overcome it, marketers can transform these threat into new opportunities. A better understanding of consumer resistance can complement research on the adoption of innovations and help in the development of a universal model of consumer behavior.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.11
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• pp.1-19
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• 2003

Typicality is usually defined as the degree to which an item is perceived to represent a category. Typicality has been a important subject in consumer behavior because it is related closely with brand preference, awareness and top of mind. The past studies about typicality have focused on brand and store in off-line environment. At the point of time internet shopping mall industry becomes mature, we can expect that most internet users are accustomed to it. So the study about typicality of internet shopping mall is timely. The antecedents and outcomes of typicality of internet shopping mall are mainly studied in this paper. Also, I investigated the influence of the type of internet shopping mall on typicality and the influence of typicality on preference and purchase intention. The followings are the results of this study. Firstly, frequency of exposure and attribute structure explained perceived typicality. Secondly, the type of internet shopping mall was found to be a moderator of the relationship between attribute structure and typicality. Thirdly, there is a positive correlation between typicality and preference. Finally, there is a positive correlation between typicality and purchase intention.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-32
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to investigate upon a diversification strategy through market creation of CJ Group, which has contributed in positioning of the firm as one of the leading conglomerates in South Korea. With such objective, the background of CJ Group, followed by its business diversification strategies were explored, with reference to several case studies. The history of CJ Group began with establishment of CheilJedang Industrial Corporation in 1953, as the first domestic sugar producer and exporter of South Korea. The corporation gradually expanded its business ever since at both national and global level, to include the fields of food production, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and life chemicals. Later, CheilJedang (CJ) Group was established as an affiliate of CheilJedang Industrial Corporation. With such independence, extension of business has been witnessed across the industries of media, entertainment, finance, information technology and distribution. Thus, the current CJ Group pursues to define itself as a progressive global living culture company with four major business categories from food and food service, biotechnology, entertainment and media, and logistics. Despite its success in today's market, CJ Group underwent hardships in its business diversification in 1990s due to indiscreet management, along with the Asian financial crisis. Here, many firms overcame the financial difficulties by taking advantage of the exchange rate for overseas expansion. Though, CJ Group tried to differentiate itself by focusing on the domestic market by creating something out of nothing. Hence, CJ Group takes a unique position among many cases of business diversification and their categorization. In an effort to identify and classify the types of growth experienced by the top 30 companies in South Korea, the firms were categorized into four groups according to their diversification strategies adapted after the Asian financial crisis. Based on the mode and time of entry, corporations were identified either as the 'Explorer', 'Invader', 'Venture Capitalist', or 'Assimilator'. Here, the majority of the firms showed the qualities of Invader, entering mature markets through large-scaled mergers and acquisitions. However, CJ Group was the only firm that was categorized as an Explorer, for its focus on the newly emerging service sector in culture-contents industry. This diversification strategy through market creation is worth examining, due to its contribution in generating simultaneous growth between the market and the company itself. Diverse brands of CJ Group have been referred to as case studies in this regard, from 'Hatban', 'Cine de Chef', 'VIPS' to 'CJ GLS'. These four businesses, each to represent processed food, film, restaurant service, and logistics industries respectively, show CJ Group's effectiveness in creating a whole new category of goods and services that are innovative. In fact, such businesses not only contributed in advancement of consumers' wellbeing, but toward generating additional value and employment. It is true that the diversification strategy of CJ Group requires long-term capital investment with high risk, compared to the other strategies mentioned in the paper. However, this model does create high employment and additional values that are positive to both the society and the firm itself. Therefore, the paper comes to a conclusion that the diversification strategy through market creation conveys the most positive impact relative to the others.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.213-226
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• 2012

As the Korean rental car industry turned into a mature stage, the competition level has become stronger than ever. In 2006, AJ Rent a Car declared customer satisfaction management as its vision to make a breakthrough. Through various service innovation efforts, AJ has been successfully offering meaningful and differentiated values to the customers. As results, the complaints rate has decreased, while service quality index has significantly increased. These service quality indicators have led to improved customer satisfaction level which was measured by re-purchase intention and customer satisfaction index, and AJ outran its major competitors in these dimensions of competition. The first key success factor of AJ is its effective service system. AJ manages the VOC, ERP, and CRM system in a well organized manner. AJ's another key success factor is a effective service process, which helps the organization share and respond to customer complaints in an efficient way. Finally, the management communicates the clear vision and strategic direction not only with the customers but also with the entire organization. With these three factors combined, AJ has created the service oriented corporate culture. Based on the culture. AJ has been able to develop a strong and sustainable competitive advantage in customer satisfaction management.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2015

This research analyzed the case of Ncsoft to study the organizational learning, exploitation and exploration that create dynamic capability in hypercompetitive environment. First of all, we demonstrated the activities of exploitation and exploration in Ncsoft according to the life cycle of online game industry. An exploitation related to routine, learning and fit with existing environment brings about incremental innovation. In contrast, an exploration associated with non-learning, flexibility with changing environment results in radical innovation. We examined them based on the life cycle of its various game services. NCsoft that built the leading position in online game industry focused the exploitation activities at the stage of beginning period and growth, whereas NCsoft has increased the activities of exploration at period of mature. In addition, the firm conducts an exploration for its brand new game services and R&D. Conversely, An exploitation is conducted for sustainable updating of patch service and marketing and system building. The result implies that online game companies create sustainable competitive advantage using the balance between exploitation and exploration.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.29-39
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• 2011

The purpose of this study provides a high consumer-oriented wedding dress on the consumer and offering the consumer-oriented product and provide a basis data to develop a wedding shops so it can stable and manage of effective marketing. Wedding shop for a survey of consumer preference, and based on this wedding dress designed and made. The results are summarized as follows. First, when wearing wedding dresses and "graceful and feminine" image that seek to pursue an image that showed the highest response, "simple and stylish", "cute and vivid" image was in order. In the survey of wedding dress preference, lace is preferred, in tone of color white is preferred by and large. In silhouette, A-line is preferred most, in neckline, exposure of the shoulder, in sleeve length, sleeveless, in decoration, beads. Second, on the basis of these results, depending on the image to pursue the design, wedding was made of 3 creations. The work I is a target of the early 20s, the concept "simple and stylish", and A-line is adopted in silhouette focusing on modern simplicity, soft satin material used of high class. The work II is a target of the late 20s, the concept "cut and vivid", and fit-and-flare made of many folded tulle mesh material. The work ill is a target of the 30s overall, the concept "graceful and feminine", and high-waist- empire-line is adopted in silhouette, splendid lace material used, is of the gorgeous and mature beauty.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.272-282
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• 2017

In Bangladesh, since the beginning of 21st century, the poultry industry has become an unparalleled platform for a quick profit, the generation of local employment, and the production of cheaper animal proteins. This paper summarizes poultry industry-related facts and figures for Bangladesh, starting from the very beginnings of this sector when poultry farming was part of subsistence family farming only to today's highly commercialized horizon, through personal experiences, secondary data analysis, spot visits, and the sharing of views and ideas with stakeholders. A critical analysis reveals that the poultry industry in Bangladesh may become multi-dimensional and more stable in the near future as it establishes sufficient backward and forward linkages to input and output supplies. We can foresee its passing the very fast growing juvenile stages of higher net profit earning and less responsible then becoming fully mature. The projected demand and production potentials of this sector are increasing, but at a slower pace than before, in the face of some important challenges like emerging disease, higher prices of inputs, consumer preferences, and strong market competition. However, evidence suggests that the production systems of poultry in Bangladesh are entering a new era to cater to the needs of consumers, society, and government as it produces healthier and more diversified, further-processed foods, in the coming years. A better economy in the country, a more health-conscious population, and the availability of new and affordable innovations in this sector might be the driving forces to support the foreseen transformations.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to improve the market quality of fresh strawberries through postharvest treatment of $CO_2$ at commercial level. Postharvest application of $CO_2$ increased flesh firmness regardless of ripeness of strawberries. Firmness further increased in berries of full maturity but the actual firmness was higher in less mature berries. The optimal condition of $CO_2$ treatment was above 15% of $CO_2$ for 4 hours during cooling of harvested fruit. Residual effect of firmness increase was remained until simulated shipment as well as retail condition for 1 days at ambient temperature. Market quality of full ripe fruit at harvest significantly reduced due turning skin color to dark red and dryness of physically injured surface. Result indicated that a short term application of $CO_2$ during cooling has a benefit for keeping freshness of strawberries during export and local marketing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.856-869
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to provide implications for LOHAS(Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability) consumption growth. The study investigated the relationships between shopping value, LOHAS consciousness and LOHAS consumption. The finding of this study revealed that both hedonic and utilitarian shopping values had a positive effect on LOHAS consciousness and LOHAS consumption. We also found that the representative hedonic and utilitarian products(electronics) had the positive relationship between the both hedonic and utilitarian shopping values and LOHAS consumption. Furthermore, the representative hedonic LOHAS products(cosmetics) showed a positive relationship between hedonic shopping values and LOHAS consumption. However the representative utilitarian LOHAS product(detergent) did not show a relationship between utilitarian shopping values and LOHAS consumption. These findings are expected to provide marketing implications for LOHAS consumption growth. To improve consumers' LOHAS consumption, it is essential to focus on strengthening the hedonic value of the consumers, highlighting LOHAS consciousness. LOHAS consumption may improve the pride of consumers and increase the pleasure of the consumers. Additionally, it is necessary that publicity and education justify consumer behavior such that LOHAS consumption is socially responsible and it is a mature and exemplary action of citizens obligations to society.