• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.565-581
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• 2003

Statement of problem : A scientific examination and understanding of overall aspects of the natural dentition is the first step involved in making a satisfactory selection in the shade of an aesthetic prosthesis. Proper natural shade selection of the prosthetic restoration that is in harmony with the remaining dentition is as important aesthetically, as harmony of form and function in the anterior dentition. Clinically, the most commonly applied method of shade selection has been visual, but because of the subjective nature inherent to this method, shade selection results are variable and can be influenced by such factors as the technician, the type of shade guide used, and the type and intensity of the lighting. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop a more objective and scientific approach to examining and understanding the shade of teeth, which has in turn lead to the development of a number of shade analysis devices that present a more objective method of shade analysis. Material and Method : In this study, the shades of healthy anterior teeth were examined and analyzed using the recently developed digital shade analysis of the $ShadeScan^{TM}$ System. The study examined 80 individuals in their twenties, 40 males and 40 females, presenting 6 healthy, unrestored maxillary anterior teeth. Tooth brushing and oral prophylaxis were performed prior to evaluation. The ShadeScan handpiece was used to acquire images of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth. These images were analyzed using the Vita/Classical mode of the $ShadeScan^{TM}$ Software, and shade maps of each tooth were acquired and divided into cervical, middle, and incisal thirds. The shade distribution of each third, left and right symmetry, and gender differences were investigated and analyzed. Results : The results of the study are as follows : 1. An overwhelming majority of the examined teeth were found to possess shades belong to Group A, with the greatest variations occurring at the middle and cervical thirds of the maxillary central and lateral incisors, in both male and female subjects. 2. Canines of both male and female subjects showed left and right symmetry with uniform shade distribution of A4 and C4, while the lateral and central incisors showed left-right symmetry of the incisal 1/3 with a uniform shade distribution of A2 and A3 shades 3. No significant differences in shade distribution were seen between genders in maxillary canines, whereas maxillary central and lateral incisors showed differences at the middle and cervical thirds between male and female subjects The results of this study show that with the exception of maxillary canines, maxillary anterior teeth display a diverse shade distribution as well as gender differences. Conclusion : Clinically, when making a shade selection using the existing shade guide, one must consider the fact that even a single tooth consists of a variety of shades. The results of this study show that when selecting a shade from a number of groups is difficult, shades from A group are the most consistent with the natural shade or maxillary anterior teeth.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.429-445
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• 2009

Thermal stability of quasi-isotropic composite and polymeric structures is considered one of the most important criteria in predicting life span of building structures. The outdoor applications of these structures have raised some legitimate concerns about their durability including moisture resistance and thermal stability. Exposure of such quasi-isotropic composite/polymeric structures to various and severe climatic conditions such as heat flux and frigid climate would change the material behavior and thermal viability and may lead to the degradation of material properties and building durability. This paper presents an analytical model for the generalized problem. This model accommodates the non-linearity and the non-homogeneity of the internal heat generated within the structure and the changes, modification to the material constants, and the structural size. The paper also investigates the effect of the incorporation of the temperature and/or material constant sensitive internal heat generation with four encountered climatic conditions on thermal stability of infinite cylindrical quasi-isotropic composite/polymeric structures. This can eventually result in the failure of such structures. Detailed critical analyses for four case studies which consider the population of the internal heat generation, cylindrical size, material constants, and four different climatic conditions are carried out. For each case of the proposed boundary conditions, the critical thermal stability parameter is determined. The results of this paper indicate that the thermal stability parameter is critically dependent on the cylinder size, material constants/selection, the convective heat transfer coefficient, subjected heat flux and other constants accrued from the structure environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.879-885
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• 2013

Satellites provide a lot of information and essay roles in the areas of defense and space observations. The precise distances to the satellites are measured by emitting and retro-reflecting a laser. For such surveys, satellite laser ranging (SLR) systems have been developed in different forms and for different areas. The structural integrity of the tracking mount is essential for it to be able to track a high-speed satellite precisely, overcoming the various external and internal disturbances and operating conditions. In this study, the analysis of a tracking mount was performed for weight, wind loads, and inertia loads in order to verify its soundness. The results of the comparison between aluminum and steel were analyzed in order to select the optimal material for the fork and main housing part. In addition, the natural frequency and mode shape were predicted. Optimal material selection and structural integrity will also be verified using static analysis.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.530-537
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• 2007

This paper is concerned with the analysis of plastic deformation of bimetal co-extrusion process. Two sets of material combination have been adopted for analysis, i.e. combinations of Cu/Al and Fe/Al. In the first set of material combination, the selected materials are AA 1100 aluminum alloy as hard material and CDA 110 as soft one. This type of material selection is to examine the effect of hard core and soft sleeve and vice versa on the deformation pattern in terms of plastic zone and velocity discontinuity along the contact surface between construction materials. Four different cases of co-extrusion process in terms of material combination and interference bonding were simulated to investigate the effect of material arrangement between core and sleeve, and of bonding on the plastic zones and velocity discontinuity. In the other set of material combination, model materials used as core and sleeve were AA 1100 and AISI 1010, which are relatively soft and hard, respectively. Process parameters except diameter ratio of core to sleeve material such as semi-die angle, reduction in area in global sense and die comer radius have been set constant throughout the simulation to concentrate our effort on the analysis of influence of diameter ratio on deformation behavior such as deformation zone, surface expansion, exit velocity discontinuity between composite materials, and extrusion forces.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1003-1004
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• 2013

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.18-31
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• 1987

For the purpose of domestic production of ultrasonic transducer, experiments on material selection for backing and matching layer, and electrical impedance matching between transducer and equipment were performed. The characteristics of manufactured transducers with experimental results were analyzed and compared with foreign products. Through the evaluation of the transducers manufactured and the comparision with foreign products, it is confirmed that the transducers manufactured show the good performance characteristics and efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.317-320
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• 2006

In this paper, in order to inspect effect of marketed repair materials, it inspected first the repair material through laboratory work by repair method. After we carry out laboratory work and choice the construction with ongoing deterioration to inspect performance of repair materials, we apply the repair materials there. This results will be make use of reference whenever selection of repair materials and repair method. Also which will be used basic data for repair construction code.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 한국공작기계학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.54-59
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• 1998

In order to minimize straightness error of deflected shafts, a automatically bending process control system is designed, fabricated, and studied. The multi-step straightening process and the three-point bending process are developed for the geometric adaptive straightness control. Load-deflection relationship, on-line identification of variations of material properties, on-line springback prediction, and studied for the three-point bending processes. Selection of a loading point supporting condition are derved form fuzzy inference and fuzzy self-learning method in the multi-step straighternign process. Automatic straightening machine is fabricated by using the develped ideas. Validity of the proposed system si verified through experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 한국정밀공학회 1992년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.60-65
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• 1992

A hypereutectic Aluminum-Silicon Alloyis widely used in the parts of automobile because of high-resistance and good strength. In this study, the cutting of a hypereutectic A1-Si alloy (A390) for extraction of Si particle was experimentally investigatec. By proper selection of cutting tool material and optimization of cutting conditions economical machining of this alloy is achieved. The surface roughness relate closely with the feed rate and cutting speed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.482-483
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• 2013