• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.15-30
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• 1997

The purposes of this article were three folds; to find general trends of the conception of love, sexual attitudes and mate conditions of unmarried men and women, to investigate relationships among them and to analyze the effect of significant variables influencing mate conditions. The samples were the 164 unmarried men and 235 unmarried women living in Kwang-ju. Major findings were as follows; 1) Unmarried men revealed higher concern in commitment of love and they were more liberal in sexual attitudes than women. Women desired higher level of mate conditions than men compared with themselves. 2) Women's conception of love was more related to their sexual attitudes and homogeneous mate conditions than men. Men's sexual attitudes were related to their homogeneous mate conditions, while those of women were related to interactional mate conditions. 3) Men's external mate conditions were affected by job, and internal mate conditions were affected by passion of love and sex role attitude. Men's homogeneous mate conditions were affected by attitude of premarital sexual experience, intimacy of love and conception of sexuality, and those of women's were affected by passion of love and age. Men's interactional mate conditions were affected by sex role attitude, job and education. Therefore unmarried men and women's conception of love and sexual attitudes were associated with homogeneous and interactional mate conditions.

• 고전문학과교육
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• 제15호
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• pp.191-243
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to develope the husband and wife epic test. The results of this paper are as follows. First, in the epic of dividing mate, , , , , etc, the essential item of diagnosis is qualification criteria of a mate. Second, in the epic of pushing mate, , , , , , etc, the essential item of diagnosis is mistrust about mate, Third, in the epic of recovering mate, , , , , , etc, the essential item of diagnosis is ability of recovering couple relationship, Fourth, in the epic of protecting mate, , , , , , etc, the essential item of diagnosis is sympathy for mate.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2000

The purpose of present study were to find the general trends of mate selecting factors and. marital satisfaction. concentrated on married women, to examine the difference among mate selection factors and marital satisfaction according to socio-demographic variables and Psychological variables and to analyze the effects of these variables influencing marital satisfaction. The subjects were 276 wives, living in Kwangju that having passed under S years after marriage without divorce experience. The major findings were as follows . 1. In mate selection, factor of high-degree was personality. view of value. personal relations, achievement, emotional mature. self-differentiation. degree of affection's expression. sense of humor, charms and condition of health Respondents'marital satisfaction score showed 91.75 and this score was higher than median score(62.5) 2. The external factor of mate selection showed significant difference according to degree of education. career. order. and sex-role attitude. The internal factor of mate selection showed significant difference according to degree of education, career, order, self-differentiation, self-esteem, and sex-role attitude 3. As correlating mate selectional factors to marital satisfaction, the significance appears in the mate's personality. view of value, emotional mature. personal relations. self-differentiation, condition of health. achievement. charm, sense of humor and degree of affection's expression. 4. Married women's marital satisfaction was influenced by self-esteem, personality and child's number that were explained about 38% by these variables. In conclusion, to happy marital life must be loved her own self. and above all considered internal factors like personality than external factors in mate selection.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.69-80
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• 1993

This study intended to review the historical mate selection process and to present wholesome mate selection process. For this purpose, reviewing the contents of secondary sources and novel literature. The following conclusions were drawn from this study: Mate selection process was a kind of culture which was influenced by social atmosphere. And pre-17th century, most of the young people had social intercourse liberally. Therefore we must constitute wholesome mate selection culture through early socialization about heterosexual social intercourse.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.500-506
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• 2010

본 연구는 최근 기능성 차 소재로 알려져 있는 mate의 특유의 맛과 향을 개선하기 위하여 발효공정을 적용하였으며 발효공정 단계별 유용성분 분석을 통해 품질특성을 비교하였다. 발효 전 mate 추출물에서는 탄닌 함량이 $5.81{\pm}0.02\;{\mu}g/mL$로 측정되었으나 발효 후 덖기 과정 및 최종 건조과정을 거침에 따라 각각 $5.56{\pm}0.03\;{\mu}g/mL$, $5.49{\pm}0.04\;{\mu}g/mL$로 유의성 있게 감소하였다. 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량은 발효 전 mate 추출물에서 각각 43.45 mg/g, 0.86 mg/g이었으며 발효 후 덖음 과정을 거친 구간이 각각 38.20 mg/g, 0.73 mg/g으로 나타나 발효공정이 진행 될수록 낮아지는 경향이었다. 발효 전 mate추출물의 카페인 함량은 6.78 mg/g이었으나 발효 후 덖음 과정을 거친 후 4.30 mg/g으로 나타나 발효공정이 진행될수록 낮아지는 경향이었으며 최종 건조완료 후 3.65 mg/g이었다. 발효공정이 진행됨에 따라 유리아미노산과 필수아미노산은 낮아지는 경향이었으며, 발효 후 덖기과정을 거친 mate의 유리아미노산과 필수아미노산 함량은 각각 $690.95\;{\mu}g/mL$, $93.68\;{\mu}g/mL$이었다. 종합적인 기호도는 발효공정이 진행될수록 높은 점수를 얻어 풍미가 향상되었음을 알 수 있었는데, 발효를 통해 단맛 및 구수한 맛은 증가하였고 쓴맛과 떫은맛은 감소하여 종합적인 기호도는 증가하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.412-421
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• 2012

The yerba mate that grows in the subtropical forests of South America is an evergreen tree within the Aquifoliaceae family. The yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tea is habitually used as a drink in Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Southern Brazil. A wild mate tree needs about 25 years to fully grow to 15 a height of meters; however, they only grow to a height of 3-5 meters when cultivated. The leaves are 7-11 cm long and 3-5cm wide with a serrated margin. Yerba mate tea-based beverages are made from the leaves and stems of the mate tree. It is known that they contain a rich content of antioxidants and polyphenol, vitamins, amino acids, minerals and colorants. Dyeing properties of a mate plant in the silk, wool, linen and cotton fabrics were investigated. Constituents of colorant of mate tea are chlorophyll and carotinoid; in addition, it has more minerals such as (Fe, Ca, Mn, Mg, Na, K, Zn, and Cu) than green tea. Mate tea colorants showed good affinity to silk and wool fabrics. It was found that the optimum condition for dyeing was 30 minutes for dyeing time, 7 for pH of dyebath, and at a dyeing temperature of $80^{\circ}C$. The maximum absorbance wavelength (${\lambda}_{max}$) of silk and wool fabrics dyed with mate tea were at 420-440nm; however, that of linen and cotton fabrics were at 400nm. K/S values of fabrics dyed under optimum conditions were 1.979 for silk fabrics, 1.541 for wool fabrics, 0.551 for linens and 0.465 for cotton fabrics. Munsell hue values of dyed fabrics measured 3.1Y-6.4GY for silk, 1.4Y-8.3Y for wool, 5.5Y-3.7GY for linen, and 5.3Y-1.3GY for cotton. All dyed fabrics showed hues in-between greenish yellow and greenyellow. Colorfastness to rubbing, perspiration and dry-cleaning of dyed fabrics with mate tea were very good; however, the grades of colorfastness to washing of dyed linen and cotton fabrics were poor, and colorfastness to light were poor.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.945-949
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• 2012

Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis), a tea known for its high antioxidant content, was supplemented to 30 of 60 ewes for 13 wks to assess its effect on their productive performance. A 2.5% inclusion rate of Yerba Mate (YM) in a pelleted concentrate diet decreased feed intake and live weight (LW) during the first few weeks post partum (p<0.001). Overall, the YM group ate less ($2,092{\pm}78g/d$) pellet than the control (CTRL) one ($2,434{\pm}83g/d$); similarly, LW was lower in the YM group compared to the CTRL one, $64.9{\pm}1.6kg$ and $67.3{\pm}1.4kg$, respectively. Lambs' birth weight and growth rates were not affected. At birth, lambs' LW were similar between the Yerba Mate and control groups ($4.2{\pm}0.5kg$ and $4.1{\pm}0.4kg$, respectively. At the end of the trial, Yerba Mate lambs weighed $15.7{\pm}0.4kg$ while CTRL lambs weighed $16.1{\pm}0.4kg$. Average daily growth rate was similar between the two groups and ranged from $176{\pm}19$ to $234{\pm}24g/d$. The inclusion of Yerba Mate in a pelleted diet increased milk fat, protein and total solids content while it decreased milk lactose content. Further work is required to investigate the mechanisms by which Yerba Mate supplementation affects feed intake and milk composition.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1453-1461
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• 2016

Regarding 'mate' intake (infusion of Ilex paraguariensis herb, a staple beverage in temperate South American regions), most epidemiologic studies showed positive associations with risk of some cancers, (e.g. upper aerodigestive tract), but evidence on breast cancer (BC) risk is limited to a previous multi-site study, which reported a non significant odds ratio [OR]=0.85, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.67-1.09, p for trend=0.31) for the highest quartile of intake. The present study was conducted in order to further assess associations of 'mate' intake with BC risk. We combined two databases of women belonging to public and private healthcare hospitals. The sample included 572 BC incident cases and 889 controls interviewed with a specific questionnaire featured by socio-demographic, reproductive and lifestyle variables, and a food frequency questionnaire of 64 items, also analyzing 'mate' intake (consumer status, daily intake, age at start, age at quit, duration of habit, intensity of intake). ORs and their 95%CI were calculated through unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for relevant potential confounders. The highest quartile of 'mate' intake was inversely associated with BC risk (OR=0.40, 95%CI 0.26-0.57, p for trend <0.001). Stratified analyses also displayed strong significant inverse associations for 'mate' in frequent tea drinkers (OR=0.22), high energy intake (OR=0.23), high body mass index (OR=0.29) and in postmenopausal women (OR=0.36), among other results. As conclusions, we found evidence of a significant inverse association for 'mate' intake and BC risk.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.2923-2933
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• 2016

Recently, we reported an inverse association between high 'mate' intake (infusion of Ilex paraguariensis herb, a staple beverage in temperate South America) and breast cancer (BC) risk. Stronger inverse associations were found in high strata of tea, vegetable, fruit and energy intakes, and in overweight/obese women, suggesting possible roles for 'mate' mainly from its antioxidant contribution. The present study attempted to thoroughly explore possible associations among 'mate' and tea intake, dietary antioxidants and BC risk. Combining two databases of previous studies, 572 BC incident cases and 889 controls were interviewed with a specific questionnaire featuring socio-demographic, reproductive and lifestyle variables, and a food frequency questionnaire (64 items), focusing on 'mate' intake (consumer status, daily intake, age at start, age at quit, duration of habit). Food-derived nutrients were calculated from available databases. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated through unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for relevant potential confounders. The highest 'mate' intake was significantly inversely associated with BC risk for both low and high carotenoids (OR=0.40 vs. 0.41), vitamin C (OR=0.33 vs. 0.50), vitamin E (OR=0.37 vs. 0.45), flavonols (OR=0.38 vs. 0.48) and reduced glutathione (OR=0.48 vs. 0.46) strata. High tea intake showed significant inverse risk associations only with high carotenoids (OR=0.41), vitamin E (OR=0.48) and reduced glutathione (OR=0.43) strata. In conclusion, a strong and inverse association for 'mate' intake and BC was found, independent of dietary antioxidant levels. Also strong inverse associations with tea intake were more evident only at high levels of certain dietary antioxidants.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.481-491
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• 2008

지상파 DMB 방송이 본격적으로 시작되면서 비디오 서비스뿐만 아니라 사업자 별로 다양한 데이터 서비스를 이용한 새로운 비지니스 모델 개발에 주력하고 있다. 이러한 서비스 요구 사항 때문에 대두된 DMB 데이터 방송용 미들웨어 기술은 DMB MATE (Mobile Application Terminal Environment)라고 명명되었으며, 다양한 애플리케이션들이 고기능의 데이터 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록, 표준화된 API와 단말 플랫폼에 독립적인 실행 환경을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 제약적인 지상파 DMB의 채널 환경에서 데이터 서비스를 효과적으로 제공하기 위해서, DMB MATE 기술을 이용한 서비스 기술과 이를 위한 양방향 데이터 방송시스템의 개발을 소개하며, 특히 DMB MATE 서비스를 위한 단말의 설계 방법을 제안한다. 마지막으로, 개발된 시스템의 성능은 다양한 실험 조건에서의 방송실험을 통해 검증되었다.