• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2008

하이브리드 로켓 고체 연료의 연소율(Burning Rate)을 묘사하는 후퇴율은 연료 유속, 산화제 유속과 더불어 연료길이의 함수로 나타내어지나 일반적으로 가장 영향이 큰 산화제 유속만의 함수로 모델링된다. 그러나 이는 연료가 갖고 있는 고유의 열화학적 특성에 대한 영향이 내포되어 있지 않아 다양한 연료에 대한 공통된 관계를 나타내기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 고체연료의 열화학적 특성과 연소에 따른 공기역학적 특성이 고려된 물질전달수(B Number)를 도입하여 다양한 연료에 공통으로 사용될 수 있는 연소율 관계식을 제시하고, 물질전달수 내의 공기역학적 특성의 영향을 분석하였다. 물질전달수와 산화제 유속의 함수로 표현된 연소율 식은 고정된 실험 지수항과 상수항으로 PMMA, PP 및 PE의 연소율을 모두 묘사할 수 있었고, 연소율 관계식에서 B Number에 내포된 공기역학적 효과는 미미하였다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 1996

Burning rate of immobilized methyl and ethyl alcohols on ceramic balls was studied. Experiments were performed by burning methyl, ethyl alcohols immobilized on sands (particle size 0.35mm) and ceramic balls (particle size 1-5mm) to measure mass burning rate, height burning rate and combustion temperature. The longer time from ignition to extinguishment was resulted from the larger particle size of ceramic balls and the smaller size of ceramic balls exhibited the higher mass burning rate. Of alcohols tested the relative magnitude of facilitation of combustion was methyl ＞ ethyl. Combustion temperature of alcohols, without regard to the types of alcohols, was not increased with smaller ceramic balls(up to 3mm of particle size). However, with larger ceramic balls, combustion temperatare of alcohols was increased by 40-50$^{\circ}$ and the highest combustion temperatare was obtained with sands (particle size 0.35mm).

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2012년도 제38회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.70-75
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• 2012

본 연구는 End-Burning 하이브리드 로켓 연소에서 연료직경과 인젝터 형상 변화, 인젝터 각도 변화를 통한 스월강도 변화에 따른 연소특성의 변화을 알아보기 위해 수행하였다. 연료직경이 커지면 연료의 연소량이 증가하고, 인젝터 직경이 커질수록 후퇴율이 낮아졌다. 그리고 본 연구의 End-Burning 연소기는 고체연료의 연소율에 미치는 영향이 산화제 유동의 Impinging 효과 보다는 Swirl 효과가 더 큼을 확인했다. 스월상수를 적용한 후퇴율식을 도출하여, 스월상수가 서로 다른 경우들에 대한 후퇴율 관계식을 하나의 식으로 표현할 수 있었다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2006년도 제27회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.228-231
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• 2006

일반적으로 하이브리드 추진 연소 특성에서 연소 시간은 실험식의 인자로 고려되지 않는다. 따라서 실험의 변수로써 연소 시간이 하이브리드 연소 특성 및 추진 특성에 미치는 영향에 관하여 연구하였다. 후퇴율은 연소 시간에 따라 감소하나, 연료 질량 유속은 일정한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제25회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.323-326
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 연료 따른 End-Burning 하이브리드 추진 시스템의 연소 특성을 파악하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 연료로는 PMMA, PE를 사용하였으며 산화제는 기체 산소를 사용하였다. 연료의 후퇴율은 산화제 유량뿐만 아니라 연료의 열역학적 성질의 함수이다. 본 실험을 통하여 연료의 후퇴율이 산화제 유량과 물질전달계수인 B number로 표현된 경험식을 얻었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.76-82
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• 1994

Combustion phenomena(characteristics) of organic solvents including various alcohols Immobilized on ceramic balls were studied. Experiments were performed by burning methyl, ethyl, and propyl alcohol immobilized on sands (particle size 0.35mm) and coramic balls(particle size 1~5mm) to measure mass burning rate, height burning rate and combustion temperature. The longer time from ignition to extinguishment was resualted from the larger particle size of ceramic balls and the smaller size of ceramic balls exhibited the higher mass burning rate. Of alcohols tested the relative magnitude of facilitation of combustion was methyl >ethyl >propyl. Combustion temperatare of alcohols, without regard to the types of alcohols, was not increased with smaller ceramic balls(up to 3mm of particle size). However, with larger ceramic balls, combustion temperatare of alcohols was increased by 40~5$0^{\circ}C$ and the highest combustion temperatare was obtained with sands(particle size 0.35mm). Also, second rising was occurred at the combustion time of I5-20min. and this second rising time was increased with the smaller particle. These results will be able to be used for petrochemical industries using particles to evaluate the danger of fire and explosion.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.137-142
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• 1996

Combustion characteristics of immobilized methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohols on sands were studied. Experiments were performed by burning methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohols Immobilized on sands (particle size 0.1~5mm) and ceramic balls(particle size 5mm) to measure mass burning rate, height burning rate and combustion temperature. It was concluded that the longer time from ignition to extinguishment was resulted from the larger particle size of sands and the smaller size of sands exhibited the higher mass burning rate. Of alcohols tested the relative magnitude of facilitation of combustion was methyl>ethyl>propyl alcohol. Combustion temperature of alcohols, without regard to the types of alcohols, was not increased with smaller sands. However, with larger sands, combustion temperatare of alcohols was increased with the larger particle.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examines the burning rate of fire retardant treated wood in the cone heater with a one-dimensional integral model. The wood samples used in this study were four species. The species of woods are Redwood, White oak, Douglas fir and Maple. Each sample was nominally 50mm thick and 100mm square. Samples were exposed to a range of incident heat fluxes 10 to $35kW/m^2$ using the cone heater. A one-dimension integral model has been used to predict burning rate, heat of gasification, flame heat fluxes, charring rate and char depth of samples. As a result measurement of mass loss rate, softwoods(Redwood and Douglas fir) has relatively low value than those for hardwoods(White oak and Maple). Average charring rate of woods in case of fire retardant treatment showed reduction effect of 41.29%, 50.00%, 48.18% and 60.82% for Redwood, Douglas fir, White fir and Maple, respectively. Almost all the predictions from integral model showed faster charring than those measured. Average difference between predictions and experimental data was 16%, 9.5% and 11.8% for N, F1 and F2 respectively. Water-soluble fire retardant used in this study find out more effect in hardwood than softwood from the result of measurement of mass loss rate and average charring rate.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2004

4-panel of 1m height and 45cm width were fixed on the $40cm{\times}40cm$ bottom plate and the opening of the panel comer was 5cm. Diameter of stainless vessel is loom and its height is 2cm and it located at the center of the bottom plate. 78mL liquid fuel was filled in the vessel and its depth was 1cm. Flame temperature was measured with K type thermocouple, and radiation heat of flame was measured with heat flux meter. Flame height and its behavior was visualized with video camera. and mass burning rate was measured by fuel combustion time. According to the development of fire, flame swirling was begin. From the experiment the mass burning rate was larger and the height of flame was higher than the usual pool fire flame. Flame temperature and heat flux also increased far more than the pool fire. Consequently the swirling air flow through the openings between the panel and thermal buoyance contribute to increase of heat release rate, flame length and mass burning rate.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2008

The mass loss rate and heat release rate of puzzle mats were analysed using variable external irradiation level. Five samples of puzzle mat were tested in this study : Type A, B, C, D and E. Type A, B and C are all general grades whereas Type D and E are both Flame retardant grades. Incident heat fluxs of $25kW/m^2$, $35kW/m^2$, $50kW/m^2$ and $70kW/m^2$ were selected for these experiments. All samples were tested in the horizontal orientation and were wrapped in a single layer of aluminum foil. Each sample was nominally 20mm thick and 100mm square. The combustion heat and mass loss rate were carried out from Oxygen bomb calorimeter and mass loss calorimeter according to ISO 5660-1 respectively. Heat release rates were calculated using the equation ${\dot{Q}}=A_f{\dot{m}}"_X{\Delta}H_c=0.75A_f{\dot{m}}"{\Delta}H_c$. where $A_f$ is the horizontal burning area of the sample, $\dot{m}"$ is mass loss rate per unit area, ${\Delta}H_c$ is complete heat of combustion and 0.75 is combustion efficiency.