• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.535-542
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 향후 국내의 실정에 맞는 조적조 건물의 내진성능 평가방법의 개발에 기초적인 자료제공을 목적으로 지진에 무방비 상태로 노출된 조적조 건축물 특히 서울시내 50개동의 조적조 건물들을 대상으로 기존 건축물의 구조내진 성능 평가에 관한 기술지침(안)의 방법에 따라 건물의 내진성능을 평가하고 구조내진지표의 분포특성 및 지진피해율을 통계 확률론에 입각하여 검토한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 그, 결과, 국내의 현존 조적조 건물의 경년지표(T)를 1에서 0.7사이로 가정하고, 평균전단 응력도를 0.2MPa로 가정 시 표준정규분포로 근사가 가능하다는 것을 알았으며, 조사 대상건물은 경년지표의 변화에 따라 국내 상정 입력지진가속도 레벨에서도 $8{\sim}48%$정도의 내진보강이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 국내 상정 입력지진가속도 레벨인 0.12g에 대해서 $11.5{\sim}37.4%$정도의 지진피해율이 상정되었으며 일본의 대표적인 피해지진레벨(0.23g) 뿐만 아니라 중규모의 지진에서도 큰 피해를 받을 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 국내실정에 적합한 내진진단법, 이를 근거로 한 보강건물의 합리적인 선정방법 및 효과적인 내진보강공법이 개발이 시급하다고 판단된다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2011

최근 생태 친환경 건축이 화두로 등장하면서 친환경 건축재료인 점토벽돌과 공기의 흐름과 수분의 이동이 가능한 석회모르타르의 사용이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 국내 연구는 콘크리트벽돌과 시멘트모르타르에 집중되고 있어 점토벽돌 및 석회모르타르에 대한 연구가 거의 없는 실정이며, 조적조의 국내 기준 또한 국내에서 사용되는 재료와 다른 물리적 값을 사용하고 있는 국외기준을 바탕으로 제정되어 국내 실정을 적절히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 프리즘압축강도, 부착강도, 전단 및 사인 장강도 실험을 통해 점토벽돌과 석회모르타르를 사용한 조적구조의 물리적 특성을 파악하고자 한다. 또한, 콘크리트벽돌과 시멘트모르타르를 사용한 조적구조와의 물리적 특성을 비교분석하여 국내 조적기준을 개정하기 위한 근거를 제시하고자 한다. 점토 벽돌과 석회모르타르를 적용한 조적구조는 콘크리트벽돌과 시멘트모르타르를 사용한 조적구조와는 다른 양상을 보이므로 점토벽돌과 석회모르타르를 적용한 조적구조의 프리즘압축강도와 탄성계수에 대한 추정식을 제안한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.251-265
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• 2023

In urban construction projects, it is crucial to evaluate the impacts of excavation-induced ground movements in order to protect surrounding structures. These ground movements resulting in damages to the neighboring structures and facilities (i.e., parking basement) are of main concern for the geotechnical engineers. Even more, the danger exists if the nearby structure is an ancient or masonry brick building. The formations of cracks are indicators of structural damage caused by excavation-induced ground disturbances, which pose issues for excavation-related projects. Although the effects of deep excavations on existing brick masonry walls have been thoroughly researched, the impact of twin excavations on a brick masonry wall is rarely described in the literature. This work presents a 3D parametric analysis using an advanced hypoplastic model to investigate the responses of an existing isolated brick masonry wall to twin perpendicular excavations in dry sand. One after the other, twin perpendicular excavations are simulated. This article also looks at how varying sand relative densities (D_r = 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90%) affect the masonry wall. The cracks at the top of the wall were caused by the hogging deformation profile caused by the twin excavations. By raising the relative density from 30% to 90%, excavation-induced footing settlement is greatly minimized. The crack width at the top of the wall reduces as a result of the second excavation in very loose to loose sand (D_r = 30% and 50%). While the crack width on the top of the wall increases owing to the second excavation in medium to very dense sand (D_r = 70% and 90%).

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.194-195
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• 2015

Methods for measuring the physical workload of construction workers are classified into posture assessment techniques (i.e., OWAS, RULA, etc.) and physiological measurement techniques (i.e., EMG, heart rate, etc.). The one does not quantify the workload on a specific body part of a worker by considering the weight of the hand tools or materials on hand and time for holding a particular posture. This paper presents a procedure for evaluating a physical demand using the electromyography (EMG) sensor. This study compares the EMG measurement and the posture assessment. The case study is carried out on a masonry operation.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술기술논문발표대회 논문집
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• pp.173-178
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• 2005

The tile construction methods for existing have been used materials within limit which adhesion by wet method in masonry wall and concrete structure. These existing adhesive tech can caused many problems in construction of large and reform tile, after that it can be happened loose scale, peel off, falling off tile by heat and vibration or impact. In according to, this study is to test tile for bond stability, adhesive property by impact, vibration. low property by heat and then, we have the results as below; (1) The tile adhesive stability can be effected as adhesive area between bond agent and tile, adhesive area can more wide and press enough to ensure property. (2) Existing adhesive strength and standard relative tile construction is limited to adjust performance tile on the concrete and masonry wall. In summary, It is necessary to establish standard of performance and test method to ensure tile adhesive salability in dry wall.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.503-518
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• 2014

On October 23, 2011, an earthquake of magnitude 7.0 struck Van, Turkey. This powerful earthquake caused the deaths of 604 people, more than 2,000 injuries, and a considerable loss of property. After this devastating earthquake, on November 9, 2011, another earthquake of magnitude 5.7 occurred. This moderate earthquake caused the deaths of 40 people. Partial and total collapse of the masonry and adobe buildings occurred in the rural areas of Van. In this paper, the acceleration records and response spectrums of the earthquakes were given and the structural deficiencies and reasons of the failures of the rural buildings were evaluated according to the Turkish Seismic Code. The observed failures showed that low quality of structural materials, poor workmanship, lack of engineering services and insufficient detailing of the structural elements are the main reasons of damages.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.455-464
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• 2023

Seismologists now suggest that the earth has entered an active seismic period; many earthquake-related events are occurring globally. Consequently, numerous casualties, as well as economic losses due to earthquakes, have been reported in recent years. Primarily, significant and colossal damage occurs in reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with masonry infill wall systems, and the construction of these types of structures have increased worldwide. According to a report from the Ministry of Education in the Republic of Korea, many buildings were built with RC frames with masonry infill walls in the Republic of Korea during the 1980s. For years, most structures of this type have been school buildings, and since the Pohang earthquake in 2017, the government of the Republic of Korea has paid close attention to this social event and focused on damage from earthquakes. From a long-term research perspective, damage from structural collapse due to the short column effect has been a major concern, specifically because the RC frame with a masonry infill wall system is the typical form of structure for school buildings. Therefore, the short column effect has recently been a major topic for research. This study compares one RC frame with four different types of RC frames with masonry infill wall systems. Structural damage due to the short column effect is clearly analyzed, as the result of this research is giving in a higher infill wall system produces a greater shear force on the connecting point between the infill wall system and the column. The study is expected to be a useful reference for research on the short column effect in RC frames with masonry infill wall systems.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.413-431
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• 2014

By carrying out the experiment of eight pieces of brick masonry walls with pilaster strengthened by Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) and one piece of normal masonry wall with pilaster under low reversed cyclic loading, the failure characteristic of every wall is explained; Seismic performances such as hysteresis, stiffness and its degeneration, deformation, energy consumption and influence of some measures including strengthening means, reinforcement area proportion between GFRP and wall surface, "through-wall" anchor on reinforcement effects are studied. The test results showed that strengthening modes have little influence on stiffness, stiffness degeneration and deformation of the wall, but it is another thing for energy consumption of the wall; The ultimate load, deformation and energy consumption of the walls reinforced by glass fiber sheets was increased remarkably, rigidity and its degeneration was slower; Seismic performance of the wall which considers strengthening means, reinforcement area proportion between GFRP and wall surface, "through-wall" anchor at the same time is better than under the other conditions.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2003

우리나라 군 시설에서 조적조가 차지하는 비중은 매우 크며, 군 시설 현대화사업의 추진 등으로 성능에 대한 정확한 평가가 없이 노후 시설물을 철거하는 경우가 있어서 낭비를 초래하고 있다. 본 연구는 조적조 노후 군시설을 효율적으로 유지보수 하는데 도움을 주기 위해서 시설물의 기울기 및 침하, 내하력, 내구성 등을 조사하여 시설물 전반의 성능을 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 기준을 제시하였다. 내하력은 조적상태, 줄눈모르터 상태, 긴결철물의 상태, 테두리보 상태, 하중상태 등으로 평가하고, 내구성은 균열, 표면노후화, 진동등의 항목으로 평가하도록 하였다. 평가항목의 중요도는 AHP 기법을 적용하여 산정한 가중치로 결정하였다. 조사대상 조적조 노후 군시설의 성능을 판정할 수 있는 절차도 제시하였으며, 사례연구를 통하여 본 연구에서 제시한 평가기준의 적용성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.101-139
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• 2015

In this paper, it is aimed to investigate the restoration effect on the structural behavior of masonry arch bridges. Dandalaz masonry arch bridge located on the 4km east of Karacasu town of Aydin, Turkey is selected as a numerical example. The construction year of the bridge is not fully known, but the bridge is dated back to 15th century. Considering the current situation, it can be easily seen that the structural elements such as arch, side walls and timber blocks are heavily damaged and the bridge is unserviceable. Firstly finite element model of the bridge is constituted to reflect the current situation (before restoration) using building survey drawings. After, restoration project is explained and finite element model is reconstituted (after restoration). The structural responses of the bridge are obtained before and after restoration under dead load, live load and dynamic earthquake loads. For both conditions, maximum displacements, maximum-minimum principal stresses and maximum-minimum elastic strains are given with detail using contours diagrams and compared with each other to determine the restoration effect. From the study, it can be seen that the maximum internal forces are consisted under dynamic loads before and after restoration. Also, the restoration projects and studies have important and positive effects on the structural response of the bridge to transfer these structures to future.