• 제목/요약/키워드: Mars Exploration

검색결과 51건 처리시간 0.023초

탐사로버의 주행성능 검토를 위한 인공 화성 토양 개발관련 연구 동향 (Research Trends in the Development of Martian Soil Simulants for the Evaluation of Rover Mobility Performance)

  • 유병현;박승수;신휴성
    • 터널과지하공간
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    • 제33권5호
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    • pp.373-387
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    • 2023
  • 우주 여행이 시작된 이래로 우주 행성에 대한 과학적 탐사는 인간의 상상력을 높이고 있다. 화성에 대한 임무는 지구에서 생명체가 언제, 어디서, 어떻게 시작되었는지에 대한 중요한 질문에 답을 제공할 수 있으며, 이 임무는 현지 우주 자원 활용(ISRU) 개념을 통해서만 실행 가능하다. 이 논문에서는 현재 우주 강국들을 중심으로 진행 중인 화성 탐사를 다루며, 인공 화성토양 조사와 탐사 로버의 이동성 연구를 중점으로 다루고 있다. 화성의 실제 지상 환경을 모사하기 위해서는 수십 톤의 토양이 필요하므로 원료 확보와 처리 과정도 고려되어야 한다. 이를 위해 화성 표면 토양과 유사한 특성을 가진 인공 토양을 선별하고, 인공 화성토양 개발을 위한 필요 사항을 제시한다. 이 연구를 통해 화성 탐사 임무에서 로버의 이동성을 평가하는 데 필요한 적절한 화성 토양을 개발하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Effects of chemistry in Mars entry and Earth re-entry

  • Zuppardi, Gennaro
    • Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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    • 제5권5호
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    • pp.581-594
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    • 2018
  • This paper is the follow-on of a previous paper by the author where it was pointed out that the forthcoming, manned exploration missions to Mars, by means of complex geometry spacecraft, involve the study of phenomena like shock wave-boundary layer interaction and shock wave-shock wave interaction also along the entry path in Mars atmosphere. The present paper focuses the chemical effects both in the shock layer and on the surface of a test body along the Mars orbital entry and compares these effects with those along the Earth orbital re-entry. As well known, the Mars atmosphere is almost made up of Carbon dioxide whose dissociation energy is even lower than that of Oxygen. Therefore, although the Mars entry is less energized than the Earth re-entry, one can expect that the effects of chemistry on aerodynamic quantities, both in the shock layer and on a test body surface, are different from those along the Earth re-entry. The study has been carried out computationally by means of a direct simulation Monte Carlo code, simulating the nose of an aero-space-plane and using, as free stream parameters, those along the Mars entry and Earth re-entry trajectories in the altitude interval 60-90 km. At each altitude, three chemical conditions have been considered: 1) gas non reactive and non-catalytic surface, 2) gas reactive and non-catalytic surface, 3) gas reactive and fully-catalytic surface. The results showed that the number of reactions, both in the flow and on the nose surface, is higher for Earth and, correspondingly, also the effects on the aerodynamic quantities.

소형위성 전용 발사체를 이용한 심우주 임무 설계 (Design of Deep Space Missions Using a Dedicated Small Launch Vehicle)

  • 최수진;;;서대반;이기주
    • 한국항공우주학회지
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    • 제50권12호
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    • pp.877-888
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    • 2022
  • 최근 루나 게이트웨이의 선구자 임무인 CAPSTONE이 NRHO에서 통신 및 항법 기술 시연을 위해 소형발사체로 발사됨에 따라 전용 소형발사체와 소형위성을 이용하여 심우주 임무를 가능하게 한 이번 행사가 큰 주목을 받았다. 본 연구에서는 소형발사체 이중발사 운영개념이 소개하고, 달, 화성 및 소행성 탐사를 위한 새로운 개념의 가능성을 검토했다. 단독발사로 달 저궤도 임무에 약 247 kg을, 이중발사로 화성 및 소행성 아포피스와 같은 목적지에 각각 215 kg 및 183 kg을 수송할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Design of Mobility System for Ground Model of Planetary Exploration Rover

  • Kim, Younkyu;Eom, Wesub;Lee, Joo-Hee;Sim, Eun-Sup
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.413-422
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    • 2012
  • In recent years, a number of missions have been planned and conducted worldwide on the planets such as Mars, which involves the unmanned robotic exploration with the use of rover. The rover is an important system for unmanned planetary exploration, performing the locomotion and sample collection and analysis at the exploration target of the planetary surface designated by the operator. This study investigates the development of mobility system for the rover ground model necessary to the planetary surface exploration for the benefit of future planetary exploration mission in Korea. First, the requirements for the rover mobility system are summarized and a new mechanism is proposed for a stable performance on rough terrain which consists of the passive suspension system with 8 wheeled double 4-bar linkage (DFBL), followed by the performance evaluation for the mechanism of the mobility system based on the shape design and simulation. The proposed mobility system DFBL was compared with the Rocker-Bogie suspension system of US space agency National Aeronautics and Space Administration and 8 wheeled mobility system CRAB8 developed in Switzerland, using the simulation to demonstrate the superiority with respect to the stability of locomotion. On the basis of the simulation results, a general system configuration was proposed and designed for the rover manufacture.

Method for Identifying Lava Tubes Among Pit Craters Using Brightness Profile Across Pits on the Moon or Mars

  • Jung, Jongil;Hong, Ik-Seon;Cho, Eunjin;Yi, Yu
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 2016
  • Caves can serve as major outposts for future human exploration of the Moon and Mars. In addition, caves can protect people and electronic equipment from external hazards such as cosmic ray radiation and meteorites impacts and serve as a shelter. Numerous pit craters have been discovered on the Moon and Mars and are potential entrances to caves; the principal topographic features of pit craters are their visible internal floors and pits with vertical walls. We have devised two topographical models for investigating the relationship between the topographical characteristics and the inner void of pit craters. One of our models is a concave floor void model and the other is a convex floor tube model. For each model, optical photographs have been obtained under conditions similar to those in which optical photographs have been acquired for craters on the Moon and Mars. Brightness profiles were analyzed for determining the profile patterns of the void pit craters. The profile patterns were compared to the brightness profiles of Martian pit craters, because no good-quality images of lunar pit craters were available. In future studies, the model profile patterns will be compared to those of lunar pit craters, and the proposed method will likely become useful for finding lunar caves and consequently for planning lunar bases for manned lunar expeditions.

국내외 우주탐사 프로그램 및 관련 기술의 개발현황 (Development Status of Domestic & Overseas Space Exploration & Associated Technology)

  • 주광혁
    • 한국항공우주학회지
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    • 제44권8호
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    • pp.741-757
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    • 2016
  • 구 소련이 달에 루나(Luna) 1호를 발사한 이래 달을 비롯한 지구 밖의 천체에 대한 우주탐사를 시작한 지 60년이 된 지금 인류는 아직 외계의 생명체는 발견하지 못하였으나 태양계의 거의 모든 행성을 근접거리에서 탐사하고 빠른 속도로 이동하는 혜성의 표면에 우주선을 착륙시키는 등 괄목할 만한 성과를 이룩하였다. 그렇지만 아직까지 사람이 외계에 착륙한 곳은 달 뿐이며, 미국을 비롯한 여러 나라들이 사람을 달 또는 화성에 보내 기지를 건설하고 생존할 수 있도록 하는 것을 목표로 우주탐사에 매진하고 있다. 한편, 1990년대 초반에 우주개발을 시작한 우리나라는 정부주도로 수립된 수차례의 우주개발계획에서 달 탐사를 포함한 우주탐사계획을 선언하고 달 탐사 계획을 박근혜정부의 국정과제로 추진하여 2016년 초 공식적으로 달 탐사 프로그램을 시작하였다. 본 논문에서는 우리나라 달 탐사계획과 세계 우주탐사 프로그램의 간략한 역사, 관련기술의 발전현황과 개발방향 등을 살펴본다. 아울러 우리나라의 우주탐사분야의 과학연구 현황 및 분야별 기술수준을 점검한다.

태양계 인터넷이 심우주 탐사에 미치는 영향 분석 (Analysis of effectiveness of solar system internet to deep space exploration)

  • 구철회;김창균;류동영;최기혁
    • 한국항공우주학회지
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.240-246
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    • 2016
  • 근래 우주 과학 및 연구의 가장 뜨거운 뉴스 또는 성과는 2013년 NASA의 화성 로버인 Curiosity, 2013년 중국의 달 착륙선/로버인 Chang'e 3 호, 2014년 ESA의 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko 소행성 탐사선 Rosetta, 그리고 2015년 NASA의 명왕성 탐사선 New Horizons 일 것이다. 이와 같은 장거리 심우주 탐사가 현 기술로 가능하다는 것에 매우 고무될 수밖에 없다. 하지만 이런 놀라운 심우주 항행 기술의 발전에도 불구하고 심우주 데이터 통신 기술 영역은 이렇다 할 변화가 없었다. 이 영역은 큰 변화를 현재까지 거부해 왔으나 최근 들어 지상의 우수한 통신 기술들을 심우주 탐사에 적용하려는 움직임이 관찰되고 있음에 주목할 필요가 있다. 그중에 하나가 본 논문에서 다루려고 하는 태양계 인터넷 기술이다. 본 논문에서 심우주 탐사에 태양계 인터넷이 미치는 영향을 분석하여 발표하고자 한다.

A New Spinel in Martian Meteorite SaU 008: Implications for Martian Magnetism

  • Yu, Yong-Jae
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지구물리탐사학회 2007년도 특별 심포지엄 논문집
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    • pp.27-30
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    • 2007
  • Martian meteorites are the only available Martian Materials on Earth. A suite of demagnetization experiments, temperature dependence of saturation magnetization, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis were carried out to characterize the remanent magnetization carriers of Martian meteorite SaU 008. A stable paleomagnetic record of SaU 008 originates from a newly found spinel ((Fe, Cr, Ti)-spinel) whose composition has never been documented (or identified as magnetic).

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Dynamics of Extra-Vehicular Activities in Low-Gravity Surface Environments

  • Spencer, David A.;Gast, Matthew A.
    • International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 2013
  • Human spaceflight experience in extra-vehicular activity (EVA) is limited to two regimes: the micro-gravity environment of Earth orbit, and the lunar surface environment at one-sixth of Earth's gravity. Future human missions to low-gravity bodies, including asteroids, comets, and the moons of Mars, will require EVA techniques that are beyond the current experience base. In order to develop robust approaches for exploring these small bodies, the dynamics associated with human exploration on low-gravity surface must be characterized. This paper examines the translational and rotational motion of an astronaut on the surface of a small body, and it is shown that the low-gravity environment will pose challenges to the surface mobility of an astronaut, unless new tools and EVA techniques are developed. Possibilities for addressing these challenges are explored, and utilization of the International Space Station to test operational concepts and hardware in preparation for a low-gravity surface EVA is discussed.

Review of the History of Animals that Helped Human Life and Safety for Aerospace Medical Research and Space Exploration

  • Lee, Won-Chang;Kim, Kyu-Sung;Kwon, Young Hwan
    • 항공우주의학회지
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.18-24
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    • 2020
  • In 2019, the Aerospace Medical Association of Korea celebrated its 30th anniversary. On the other side of the world, it was also the 62nd anniversary of Russian launch Sputnik 1 of the world's first artificial satellite on October 4, 1957. In additionally, the world, especially the United States was shocked, when on November 3, 1957, Sputnik 2 blasted into Earth orbit with a dog named "Laika"; it was the role of veterinarian's activities for aerospace medical research and exploration. Veterinarians (Vets) are responsible for the health of all the animals for aerospace medicine whether on the ground or in space. Vets can enhance animal and public health and this knowledge of Vets and astronauts can extend their mission durations, go to nearby Earth Asteroids, Mars and other heavenly bodies to study their living and non-living characteristics. This review article is the brief history of the original growth of the veterinarian's activities for the aerospace medical research, in order to stimulate future strategies for improvements in the space life sciences and exploration.