• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.177-193
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• 2006

This study analyzes marriage and fertility rates in Korea and makes recommendations for family policy. Based on the 'The Report of Marriage & Divorce Statistics in 2005' and data from the Korea Statistical Information System (KOSIS) of the National Statistics Organization, the trends, reasons for marriage rates changes, and future expectations were critically reviewed. In addition, the relationship between marriage and fertility rates was analyzed. The principle characteristics of marriage rates are as follows: 1) the M-shape of the longitudinal crude marriage rates; 2) the increased age of individuals entering their the first marriage; 3) the increase in remarriage rates; 4) the changes in the patterns of remarriage; 5) the increased in the age at which individuals remarry and; 6) the increase in marriage to non-Koreans. The marriage and fertility rates changes are a permanent normative shift because of 1) later marriage because of women's increased education and labor force participation 2) rational choices about birth control 3) reduced population because of the aging of baby boomers 4) structural changes in the marriage market and 5) egalitarian changes in women's attitudes toward marriage and family. The recommendations for future family policy were as follows: 1) the need for a realistic, long-term family policy because the current marriage patterns will continue; 2) the need to develop new statistics such as fertility rates that are based on marriage cohort or birth cohort because family behavior is a mixture of personal, social and political responses; 3) the need for impact analysis of current family policy about increasing fertility rates; 4) the need for a new family perspective that encompasses diverse marriage and family patterns; 5) the need to focus on men's role in families because of women's changing roles and family interaction patterns and; 6) the need for preventive family policies such as family life education.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.5-28
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• 2014

국제통상을 하는 기업은 위험 선호도에 따라 금융시장을 통해 외화자산 혹은 외화부채의 헷징(hedging)을 목적으로 파생금융상품을 쉽게 구매할 수 있다. 파생금융상품 시장은 투자와 헷지의 필요에 따라 급속도로 성장해왔다. 기업은 금융 파생금융상품을 통해 환위험 관리를 하면서 위험을 헷징한다. 기초자산을 헷징할 때는 환노출 완화전략으로 헷징이 효과적일 수 있다. 하지만 파생상품을 통한 이익에 대한 욕심과 예상치 못한 환율 변동이 발생할 때 기업에 상당한 위험을 초래할 수도 있다. 본 논문은 환위험을 다루는 파생상품에 내재된 구조적인 위험을 시스템다이내믹스 관점에서 분석하고 있다. 대표적인 파생금융상품인 KIKO는 구조적인 위험 요인 때문에 금융위기에 크나 큰 손실을 끼쳤다. 본 논문에서는 KIKO의 구조적 위험 요인을 모델링하고 실제 사례를 통해 검증하여 파생금융상품의 시스템 구조를 파악하고 내재되어 있는 구조적 위험을 밝혔다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.47-65
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• 1985

Three stages of population growth during last forty years affected differently to the labor force and employment in Korea. The first impact of rapid population growth on the labor force occured after the end of World War II. Sudden growth of population due to repartriation and refugees directly increased the labor force. Deteriorating labor market conditions were caused not only by the explosive labor supply but also by the shortage of employment opportunities due to a lack of productive facilities. This severe excess supply of labor continued until the early 196Os. Population growth in the second stage which caused by high fertility during the post Korean War baby boom period induced an eventual increase in the labor supply with time lag of more than fifteen years. Younger persons born during baby boom period were flooded the labor market. Fortunately, job opportunities were expanded more rapidly than the labor force supply because high rates of economic growth and speedy industrialization were continued until the later half of 1970s. Unemployment, therefore, decreased dramatically during this period. The effect of third stage which is characterized as mitigated population growth due to birth control has appeared in the labor market since late 1970s. The growth rate of labor force has been going down and the proportion of younger workers was also been decreasing. From the early 1980s, furthermore, partial disharmony between supply of and demand for the younger workers is closing up. Less educated younger workers who works at low wage are lacking while more educated youngers who want to work at high wage are being excess, because a lot of younger prefer higher education rather than productive job. It is expected that the structural inharmony will be diversified in the future in Korea. The labor force will be changed to middleaged, highly educated and womenized till year 2000, and, after then, to old-aged. On the demand side, industries and jobs will transferred to be labor-saving and soft. These structural changes of labor supply and demand will not matching in time. Aggregate supply of labor force will be steadily increasing more rapidly than aggregate demand for labor until year 2000, and this trend will continue to the first one or two decades of the 2lth century because the persons born dufing the baby boom pariod are being eligible couples in recent. Therefore, conclusion is that appropriate manpower development policy as well as sustained birth control policy is necessary for harmonizing the structural unbalance and the disequilibrium between aggregate labor supply and demand in the future.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2019

The effectiveness of monetary policy critically depends upon how well the transmission mechanism functions, so that the desired impact on output and inflation is achieved. The purpose of this paper is to study the transmission mechanism of monetary policy by analyzing the impact on inflation and output during multiple indicator regime (1998-99 to 2014) in an emerging economy-India. The Inflation Targeting Regime is also briefly outlined alongwith the impact on output and inflation. Using quarterly data for the period 1997 to 2017, the paper uses weighted average call money market rate as a proxy for the policy rate and evaluates the strength of the interest rate channel. We use a conventional Structural vector auto regression (SVAR) methodology to evaluate the efficacy and show the impluse response functions. Our results find that changes in the policy rate impact output growth steeply with a lag of about two quarters and the impact on inflation is maximized after three quarters. The study concludes that the monetary policy in India has a significant impact on output and inflation in the short-to-medium-run. After the policy shock, the fall in the output growth rate is of greater magnitude than the fall in inflation.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2014

Ball valves are used as a key element in the process industries. The industrial development of valves has increased steadily, but continued improvement requires high design reliability and long service life. Currently, the development of high performance valves is not easy because of the lack of relevant technology in Korea. Valves are being imported at a level of up to 58 percent of the domestic market, which represents a value of almost 7 million US dollars. Therefore, in this work, the improvement of the design and performance of industrial valves has been studied in an attempt to achieve valves that will have longer service life and better output during operation. The structural stability was evaluated using the ANSYS FSI (Fluid-Structural Interaction) module. Moreover, to obtain maximum product reliability, torque analysis simulation was performed to compare and experimental results. The simulation results were used to predict the change in torque by changes in shape, thereby reducing the time and cost of manufacturing a number of prototypes for experimental validation.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of paper is studying the static and dynamic side for long-term memory storage properties, and increase the explanatory power regarding the long-term memory process by looking at the long-term storage attributes, Korea Composite Stock Price Index. The reason for the use of GPH statistic is to derive the modified statistic Korea's stock market, and to research a process of long-term memory. Research design, data, and methodology - Level shifts were subjected to be an empirical analysis by applying the GPH method. It has been modified by taking into account the daily log return of the Korea Composite Stock Price Index a. The Data, used for the stock market to analyze whether deciding the action by the long-term memory process, yield daily stock price index of the Korea Composite Stock Price Index and the rate of return a log. The studies were proceeded with long-term memory and long-term semiparametric method in deriving the long-term memory estimators. Chapter 2 examines the leading research, and Chapter 3 describes the long-term memory processes and estimation methods. GPH statistics induced modifications of statistics and discussed Whittle statistic. Chapter 4 used Korea Composite Stock Price Index to estimate the long-term memory process parameters. Chapter 6 presents the conclusions and implications. Results - If the price of the time series is generated by the abnormal process, it may be located in long-term memory by a time series. However, test results by price fixed GPH method is not followed by long-term memory process or fractional differential process. In the case of the time-series level shift, the present test method for a long-term memory processes has a considerable amount of bias, and there exists a structural change in the stock distribution market. This structural change has implications in level shift. Stratum level shift assays are not considered as shifted strata. They exist distinctly in the stock secondary market as bias, and are presented in the test statistic of non-long-term memory process. It also generates an error as a long-term memory that could lead to false results. Conclusions - Changes in long-term memory characteristics associated with level shift present the following two suggestions. One, if any impact outside is flowed for a long period of time, we can know that the long-term memory processes have characteristic of the average return gradually. When the investor makes an investment, the same reasoning applies to him in the light of the characteristics of the long-term memory. It is suggested that when investors make decisions on investment, it is necessary to consider the characters of the long-term storage in reference with causing investors to increase the uncertainty and potential. The other one is the thing which must be considered variously according to time-series. The research for price-earnings ratio and investment risk should be composed of the long-term memory characters, and it would have more predictability.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2015

Purpose - Global trends play a part to change the structure of the fashion industry. In particular, companies attempting to conduct innovative marketing centering on such products as SPA brands are growing into global companies. SPA stands for "Specialty Store Retailer of Private Label Apparel", meaning its activities are fully integrated from manufacturing through sales, including material procurement design, product, distribution, inventory management, and final sales. For this reason, more understanding of individual corporate profitability is very sensitive to consumer's attitudinal changes. The effects that corporate marketing activities on customer lifetime value through brand attitude were analyzed based on a structural equation model. Rust suggested value equity, brand equity, and relationship equity as customer equity driver. The study examines Chinese consumer because China is the fastest growing fashion market in the world. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey targeted Chinese college student age 20s. Only respondents who had purchased SPA brands in the past year were included for this research. A total of 303, except for 47 missing data of 350 distributed questionnaires were included in this research. The questionnaire is consists of six part to measure value, brand, relationship equity, attitude toward brand, purchase intention and demographic characteristics. This research conducted exploratory factor analysis and reliability test. To verify research hypotheses, structural equation model test was conducted. As for customer equity, diversified models in consideration of the scope of acquisition data, a method of collection of data, influencing factor, and predictability were suggested based on a net present value model. However, the history of customer equity study is relatively short, and sufficient empirical analyses have not been conducted, so more integrated analysis is required. In this study, the concept of driver suggested by Rust was applied to figure out the effects that consumer's attitude has on customer equity. The customer equity driver suggested by them consists of brand equity, value equity, and relationship equity. Results - This study reveals that value equity and brand equity have a positive influence on relationship equity. And, relationship equity has a positive influence on purchase intention through brand attitude. However, value equity and brand equity do not influence on brand attitude. Conclusion - The results of this research generated following implications. First, SPA brands need to take advantage of their value equity such as perceived low price and up-to-date fashion style to attract Chinese young consumer. Second, strong brand equity promises dominants position in the competitive market. As Chinese fashion market grows rapidly, SPA brands can consider branding strategy such as flagship store and celebrity marketing enhancing brand image. Third, the core concept of customer equity strategy is to maintain a relationship with their expecting and existing customers. The relationship equity is built by brand equity and value equity. When SPA brands serves product and service meet with individual customers, customers have intimacy to the brands.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 1992

With the major changes in fisheries management brought about by technological, politico -legal, and economic and biological development, new problems have emerged in the fisheries sector of the European Community countries. In 1986, the entry of Spain and Portugal to the European Community made the Community the third biggest producer of fishery products in the world. It also had considerable impact on the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) due to their fishing fleets. This article examines the complexity of establishing the Common Fisheries Policy in the European Community, while underlining the value of such an approach. It reviews four main areas of the common fisheries policy : access to waters and the conservation and management of stocks ; organization of the market ; structural changes and research, and international relations. It also discusses the specific fisheries problems to which the approach of CAP has been applied. It is argued that the fishery resource policy was the most trublesome to put into practice. It is the forum for such thorny questions as total allowable catch (TAC) and the sharing out of TAC between member states. It is shown that there are many things to be tackled in the CAP for the deeper integration in the fisheries sector. The author concludes by suggesting that the Common Fisheries Policy would be a suitable example to which Republic of Korea could refer in concluding reciprocal fisheries agreements with other countries and making the cooperative fisheries policy with North Korea.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.313-324
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• 2022

This study aims to quantitatively understand the influence of changes in functional cosmetics purchasing sentiment on purchasing behavior and purchase satisfaction after the COVID-19 pandemic and present empirical analysis results regarding the rapidly changing cosmetics consumption market. This study empirically analyzed the structural relationship between non-face-to-face service purchase behavior, functional cosmetics purchase behavior, and functional cosmetics purchase satisfaction to predict purchase behavior of functional cosmetics by psychological characteristics after COVID-19. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science) program and Amos 21.0, and correlation analysis was performed to understand the relationship between consumers' purchasing behaviors of functional cosmetics according to their perception of risk of COVID-19 carried out.Summarizing the results of this study, it was found that the higher the anxiety after the corona outbreak, the higher the non-face-to-face service purchase behavior and the functional cosmetics purchase behavior. It was found that purchase satisfaction increased when purchasing behavior of functional cosmetics increased, but purchase satisfaction decreased as anxiety increased after the outbreak of Corona.In this study, a sample of 1452 people were used as research data, and the theoretical implications for the development of functional cosmetics were presented by confirming the effect of changes in non-face-to-face service purchase behavior according to psychological characteristics after Corona 19 on consumer satisfaction.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.47-76
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• 2009

The economic growth that depended on IT industry is reaching to a limit. In order to overcome the limit, the convergence industry that makes new market and products is essential. However, companies preparing a jump into the convergence industry must understand the exact visions and characteristics of convergence. Therefore, we investigated the structural changes of industries caused by convergence and importance characteristics of convergence. Also, we demonstrated the current status of the convergence industry and analyzed economical, social/cultural, and technological environments that the companies are facing, and elaborated the opportunities of convergence. At last, we suggested basic requirements and strategies for companies starting a convergence business and IT utilization methods to accelerate the convergence business activation.