• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.75-97
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• 2008

Recently Korea is expected with the decrease of population in working ages and also population structure, especially age structure, has changed as aging goes faster. This study focuses on the relationship between age structure and wage structure to analyzes the cohort size effect on the change of age-earnings profile. Our empirical analysis based on Wright(1991)'s model takes weighted OLS regression using the male worker's data of Ministry of Labor 'Wage Structure Survey'($1990{\sim}2006$). In pooled data, we take the conclusion that the cohort size effect was found in high school and college graduate workers, but the effect is different between them. The labor market entry effect of high school graduate workers is negative(-) and his persistent effect is positive(+). On the other hand, the cohort size effect of college graduate workers have appeared the opposite directions in contrary with the existing results of Welch(1979) and Wright(1991). This results are seen as the possibility that college graduate worker has the benefit of wage level by his relative cohort size in spite of high unemployment of young graduate. It will be the sign of need that we should interest in the change of age structure with balancing the labor supply side approach and the demand side study which the previous studies was mainly tended to focus on.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2015

국내 물관련 건설 및 설비 업체를 대상으로 하는 설문조사 및 인터뷰 결과 국내 물 관련 기업들의 해외진출 시 가장 큰 애로사항은 해외경험 직원의 부족으로 나타났다. 해외사업 확대를 위해서는 고부가가치 업무를 수행할 수 있는 고급기술자와 관리 인력의 양성이 시급하며, 특히 건설사업관리(CM, PM)나 설계/엔지니어링을 담당할 고급 기술 인력의 양성이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다. 경쟁력있는 글로벌 기술 관리 인력의 양성은 정부의 주도하에 기존의 물 관련 기관의 교육프로그램 통합 운영 및 내실있는 전문 수자원 대학원 운영 등 장기적인 정책적인 지원이 필수적이다. 또한 현재 해외 물시장 정보 수집의 활성화를 위하여 국토교통부, K-water, 해외건설협회 등이 연계한 물 산업 전담 정보시스템 구축과 중점 수출대상국 선정 후 대상국에 해외지부 운영 등이 필요할 것이다. 금융지원과 관련하여 해외건설 금융지원 강화를 위한 글로벌 인프라펀드 조성, 해외건설 보증한도 확대 등이 필요하며, 'EDCF 등 공적금융의 물산업 지원 확대 등 재정지원을 위한 정부의 적극적인 역할 역시 중요하다. 해외 물시장 진출을 위해서는 국내 물기업들의 역량을 결집하는 것이 필요하며, 이를 위해서는 효율적인 공공 민간 협의체의 설립 및 운영이 이루어져야 한다. 전 세계적으로 물 산업은 높은 공공성과 함께토탈 솔루션 역량이 중시되고 있으며, 이런 시장환경에 부응하여 네덜란드, 독일 등 물산업 수출 강국은 자국의 물관련 분야를 결집하는 워터 파트너십을 설립하여 국제사회에서 위상과 세계시장 점유율을 동시에 높여가고 있는 실정이다. 이들 국가 워터파트너십의 공통적인 설립 목적은 궁극적으로 자국 물 관련 산업, 국가 브랜드 및 이니셔티브와 관련되는 국제협력, 정책 분야 등의 결집이다. 다시 말해서 정부가 주축이 되어 관 산 학 연 기관간의 정보제공, 협력 등을 도모하고 있으며 이 네트워크의 구심점 역할 및 촉진은 자국의 워터파트너십이 맡고 있는 것이다. 해외 물 시장 확대를 도모하고 있는 우리나라도 국가차원의 장기적이고 지속적인 해외 물산업 네트워크 구축을 위해서는 정부-공기업-민간기업 등의 협력을 토대로 한 Korea Water Partnership을 조속히 설립하는 것이 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 국토부, 환경부 등 물 관련 부처는 물론 글로벌 네트워크를 구축하고 있는 외교부, 무역협회 등 유관기관의 정보 연계 및 협조 체계 역시 필요하다. 정부부처 차원의 조직은 국제 정치 아젠다(agenda)에 중대한 영향을 줄 수 있으며, 경쟁적 우위와 유사기관 간의 정보와 네트워킹의 공유를 보다 원활하게 할 수 있기 때문이다. Korea Water Partnership에서는 한국이 보유하고 있는 선진 수자원기술 및 경험을 해외에 소개하고, 정부 및 민간 기업들의 물 산업 수출역량을 적극적으로 피력할 수 있는 기회를 마련하며, 국제사회에서 물 강국으로서 한국의 위상을 높일 수 있는 홍보 마케팅 창구로서의 역할을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.77-116
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• 2020

The use of drugs that reflect the experiences and achievements of modern science has given human being the benefits of treating diseases and improving health conditions. However, in addition to the benefits of those, medicines have inherently inevitable adverse reactions. Many countries are taking measures such as market entry regulations or post-marketing surveillance to minimize damage caused by drug side effects, but the occurrence of side effects cannot be eliminated. Although the damage is force majeure, in some cases, the doctor who prescribed the drug or the pharmacist who administered the drug may have to compensate for the damage. The liability depends on whether the side effects were known in advance, the type of medicine, etc. On the other hand, in some cases, drug manufacturer may have to take liability for the side effect itself. As it is not easy for victims to be compensated for damages in those cases, many countries, including Korea, are setting to protect victims through the Product Liability Act. Drugs are also one of the product, so liability set by the Product Liability Act may apply. Even before the enactment and enforcement of the Product Liability Act, damage caused by drug has occurred. To resolve them, precedents have developed case law, which have many similarities with the Product Liability Act, but also have differences. Damage caused by drug manufactured prior to the enforcement of the Product Liability Act may occur in the future. In this context, the legal principles of the case laws will remain valid and be applied. This is an important reason to review the case law of precedents.

• 재활복지
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.127-149
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• 2013

This study analyzed the hazard of unemployment and the influencing factors on the rate. Data came from the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled(PSED), 2010-2012, which is a longitudinal survey for 5,092 disabled people in Korea. For the main purpose of this study, the life-table method was used for describing the patterns of unemployment duration by disabled, and the cox proportional hazard model was used to identify significant factors on the unemployment duration. The results were as follows. First, according to the life table analysis, the unemployment rate to remain until the longest period of unemployment(25month) is 90.5%, and the rate of entry into the labor market was only 9.5%. Overall, the unemployment maintenance rate was high, the unemployment escape rate decreased after 12month. Second, looking at the results from the cox proportional hazards model, the unemployment escape possibility were increased for those who are male, are non-public benefit recipient with disability, have mild disability, and have less discrimination experiences. With these results, disability discrimination act which can reduce the disability discrimination in employment site should be strengthened. Also, the scheme of Nation Basic Protection Program should be modified to attract the employment of recipients with disability. Finally, policy targets having employment escape difficulty, such as women with disability, people with severe disabilities should be departmentalized. And employment service is provided in accord with the individual needs and characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.3087-3099
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• 2018

Due to the constant changes of companies' global networks, the expansion of global e-commerce as well as the market-oriented global supply chain management, global enterprises are strategically selecting and entering into viable countries able to become global footholds. Therefore, this study aims to scrutinize the trend of changes in the global networks of Korean companies by analyzing the current overseas countries over the past decade. From the analysis, it has been found that there is a significant difference in the priorities of targeting countries among shipping, manufacturing and logistics companies. Logistics companies preferred to enter Germany first while they attached to a lower priority to Singapore. Manufacturing companies had a lower priority to advance to India, while they preferred to advance to Mexico; however, shipping companies were analyzed to prefer to enter the US. In addition, all of these companies identified the importance of securing volume and network by entering overseas markets to achieve economies of scale and scope and to maintain global competitiveness. Joint overseas expansion of manufacturers with shipping and logistics companies can be recommended to facilitate the entry and thus, enhance global competitiveness and service capabilities and also secure new growth engines.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.95-108
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• 2021

Technology innovation activities are very important for companies to secure technological competitiveness and continue to grow. Korea operates a certification system at the national level to promote corporate innovation activities, and strives to enhance SMEs' global technological competitiveness. Among these, the representative system related to technological innovation is the New Excellent Technology (NET) certification. NET is certified through a strict three-stage screening process, and is operated for the purpose of commercialization of new technology, technology trading, and promotion of early market entry by companies. Acquiring NET certification means that the company has a certain level of technological competitiveness. Therefore, this study attempted to conduct an empirical analysis on which technology innovation activities of companies affect the success of R&D projects and improvement of management performance, centering on NET certification system. To verify this, technology strategy, technology planning, systematic R&D process, internal cooperation, and external cooperation activities were set as major variables. As a result of the empirical analysis, it was confirmed that all variables set in this study individually contributed to the success of the R&D project and improvement of management performance. However, when looking at a comprehensive level that considers all variables, it was analyzed that systematic R&D process management and cooperation activities with external organizations have a statistically significant effect on R&D project success, and technology strategy establishment and technology planning activities, which are the initial stages of R&D, have a statistically significant effect on management performance. This study was conducted on innovation-oriented SMEs that have established and operated corporate R&D centers and are actively conducting R&D activities, and multiple regression analysis was used as an analysis method.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.530-537
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• 2022

Tug services are essential services to ensure port safety. However, due to the relatively low barrier to entry into the tug service market, the number of service companies has increased, which has led to growing concerns about excessive competition among companies and poor service quality. To solve these problems, it is necessary to prepare a service quality evaluation system, but full-fledged implementation remains far away. The purpose of this study is to develop a tug service quality evaluation model that can be practically applied. To this end, an evaluation model consisting of two major categories, eight middle categories, and 25 detailed evaluation indicators was developed through a literature review, case studies, and expert interviews. AHP analysis is also conducted to derive the relative importance of the evaluation items. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the weight of user satisfaction was higher than that of management evaluation. In addition, the weights for each detailed indicator of management evaluation were in descending order of facility management, company management, and financial soundness, and it was analyzed that the management of facilities directly used for services was important. User satisfaction is in descending order of safety, punctuality, service satisfaction convenience, and transparency. These results show that securing safety is a top priority, and that the inherent quality of services such as safety and punctuality is more urgent than those of the convenience and transparency of the process in terms of providing preliminary services.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.525-531
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• 2023

In Korea, which is entering a super-aged society, the number of elderly patients who have difficulty walking independently is expected to increase rapidly, and it is necessary to develop wheelchair products with various functions to improve the quality of life of people with walking disabilities. Recently, wheelchair power assist devices that provide propulsion power by being attached to a manual wheelchair has been developed and is entering the domestic and global markets. In this study, we compared and analyzed the process of obtaining medical device certification for wheelchair power assist devices in Korea, the United States, and Europe. In Korea, a Class 2 medical device certification process was developed in 2021, and in the US FDA, it corresponds to Class 2 like the existing electric wheelchair and must pass the 510k certification process. In the case of Europe, it is uniquely regulated as Class I, and the CE mark can be attached through a relatively easy self-declaration of conformity. The Korean medical device industry, which is struggling with MDR certification, a new European medical device regulation, should pay attention to the relatively easy entry into the global market for wheelchair power assist products.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.483-490
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• 2022

Floating LiDAR is a system that provides a new paradigm for wind condition observation, which is essential when creating an offshore wind farm. As it can save time and money, minimize environmental impact, and even reduce backlash from local communities, it is emerging as the industry standard. However, the design and verification of a stable platform is very important, as disturbance factors caused by fluctuations of the buoy affect the reliability of observation data. In Korea, due to the nation's late entry into the technology, a number of foreign equipment manufacturers are dominating the domestic market. The west coast of Korea is a shallow sea environment with a very large tidal difference, so strong currents repeatedly appear depending on the region, and waves of strong energy that differ by season are formed. This paper conducted a study examining buoys suitable for LiDAR operation in the waters of Korea, which have such complex environmental characteristics. In this paper, we will introduce examples of optimized design and verification of ship-type buoys, which were applied first, and derive important concepts that will serve as the basis for the development of various platforms in the future.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

This paper examines the influence of the portion of lead investors and investors' status on the investment performance of venture syndication. According to existing literature, multiple investors in VC syndicates can positively impact investment performance by investing both tangible and intangible resources in target companies based on market influence or high visibility. On the other hand, the presence of multiple leaders can cause conflicts in formulating and implementing investment strategy or free-riding problems or increase entry barriers for potential investors, lowering additional investment from existing investors. Therefore, we hypothesize that the relationship between proportion of lead investors and investment performance is inverted-U shape. Moreover, we predict that the status of VCs in the syndication will moderate the relationship between proportion of lead investors and investment performance since high-status actors are less likely to cooperate with or yield power to others. We tested these hypotheses using 24,677 VC syndicated investment data from 1991 to 2005 and found solid supports for the hypotheses. The findings suggest that firms need to consider relationship-based power dynamics among investors within a syndication and design effective role setting and coordination systems.