• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.27-35
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• 2023

Purpose: China's economy has changed considerably in recent decades. By delivering a comprehensive knowledge of the elements that support successful foreign direct investment (FDI) in China and practical insights for multinational firms operating in this dynamic environment, this research offers a new perspective and sets itself apart from previous studies. Research design, data and methodology: It is necessary to give a thorough overview of the body of information on successful FDI in China, which justifies the adoption of a systematic literature review. The study may use a wide range of studies because of this methodology, which guarantees that inferences have a solid and supported basis in data. Results: The findings in the present study have clarified how China's government policies and regulatory framework affect foreign direct investment (FDI). Previous studies have indicated that regulatory changes can significantly impact FDI. For instance, more foreign direct investment (FDI) has been drawn to liberalized industries such as technology and finance. Conclusions: In conclusion, for foreign direct investment (FDI) to be successful in China, it is essential to consider these four factors: local partnerships and cultural adaptation, market research and entry strategy, regulatory environment and policy support, and risk management and contingency planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

The decline in the construction industry has led to a decrease the profitability of small and medium-sized landscape contractors. To relieve this situation, small and medium-sized landscape contractors have continued to proactively find ways to enter global construction markets. However, many small and medium-sized landscape contractors face risks due to their lack of capacity and insufficient preparations to extend the business abroad. Thus, this study aims to analyze the current condition of the Vietnamese construction market and the related risk factors. It then suggests strategies to improve the small and medium-sized landscape contractors' competitiveness in that market. We investigated the business climate and analyzed risk factors. Finally, we developed expansion strategies and conducted in-depth interviews with six overseas construction professionals. The study results first showed that efforts to improve infrastructure and the increased demand for housing in Vietnam will lead to more opportunities for small and medium-sized landscape contractors entering the Vietnamese construction market. However, changes in the Vietnamese business climate may act as a variable. Second, we found that small and medium-sized landscape contractors' risk factors are mainly related to laws and regulations, government finance, market fluctuations, public administration system, minimum wage increases, financing and bonds, contracting, trees and materials, and design errors. Finally, small and medium-sized landscape contractors are required to consider the following when seeking to enter the Vietnamese construction market: short-term strategy and mid-to-long-term strategy. This study will be used as the basis for small and medium-sized landscape contractors to plan to enter the Vietnamese construction market and to contribute to the expansion of the global construction market in the landscape industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.965-968
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• 2005

According to the rapid development of IT technologies, between different technologies and weakness of entry barriers, standardization for interoperability and intercompatibility is being recognized as a core strategy for preoccupation of global IT market and strengthening of national competitive power. Recently IPR(Intellectual property Rights) including patents is considered indispensably in international standardization. Also advanced countries strengthen their positions through preemption of global IT market by linking their IPR with international standardization. Therefore relationship between IPR and standardization is being changed to mutually complementary from mutually exclusive. In this paper, we will examine ITU-T's IPR policy and related discussion trends in ITU-T and try to find national policy for IPR related issues.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.7-26
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• 2012

The success story of E-mart fascinated many academics and practitioners alike. Though E-mart began as a nameless discount store in Chang-dong, Seoul in 1993, it has transformed itself into a leading distribution company and one of the most powerful brands in Korea. Surprisingly, it achieved the great success against the two crises it met: the national economic crisis and the invasion of the global giant Walmart. The main objective of this case study is to formally examine how E-mart overcame the two crises. More specifically, this case study highlights the ways with which E-mart turned those difficulties into opportunities for growth. In our examination of the E-mart case, we could clearly see E-mart's competence and spirit that allowed it to turn crises into advantageous opportunities. E-mart attracted the customers who wanted value-oriented consumption by its positioning as the "Lowest price discount store", when consumer sentiment was frozen under the economic crisis. Furthermore, when a large-scale foreign discount store like Walmart entered the Korea market, E-mart built its core competencies as the 'Korean style discount store'. These ingenious positioning and efforts resulted in E-mart taking over their archrival, Walmart, and forced the global Goliath to exit the Korean market. The case of E-mart's effective crisis management teaches many important lessons and a few core lessons that apply to many companies. One such lesson is the importance of positioning which enabled E-mart to turn crises into opportunities. Granted, the strategy of positioning as the 'Korean style discount store', or 'Lowest price discount store' was possible due to overall support with cost reduction, development and management of their own system, an apprentice educate system, etc. based on an excellent selection of location of the store and efficient distribution systems. Still, the positioning strategy of E-mart was truly ground breaking in distancing itself from its competitors. The lessons from E-mart will help those companies currently in a stagnant situation or a crisis to turn their obstacles into great success.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2020

This study analyzed key success factors of Korean car-sharing enterprises, Socar and Greencar, and the responsive strategies of Korean car-manufacturing company, Hyundai Motor Group, in the face of emerging sharing economy under the specific economic and regulatory system in Korea. The outcomes of the analysis are as follows. 'Timely market entry' in early startup phase and 'use of external resources' in early growth phase were key success factors common to both Socar and Greencar. However, the differences in the eventual business directions of the two companies also resulted in different key success factors in the expansion phase of their business. For Socar which focused on maintaining its independence and the external growth of B2C business, customer relation marketing and sufficient capital raising were key success factors. For Greencar which became a part of a business group and focused on improving the efficiency of business operations, timely market entry (B2B market) was key success factor. The use of external resources and cooperation with large corporations emerged as key success factors common to both companies in the rapid growth phase. The responsive strategies of the Hyundai Motor Group were collaboration, investment and direct management of DeliveryCar. The short-term goal of the responsive strategy was the operation of test-bed in collaboration with car-sharing company while the mid/long term goal was planning new mobility services by utilizing collected data. Securing opportunities for early market dominance for autonomous car industry was also found to be an important goal.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.101-122
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• 2009

This study examines internationalization determinant factors, motivation and goal of internalization, market entry methods, timing, region, internalization strategy and access method, internationalization performance and success factors, problems and troubles of internalization, and ultimately suggests internalization strategies for domestic venture companies. The study found that interior factors of internationalization determinant factors are characteristics of new firm and technological capabilities while exterior factors include narrow domestic market, industrialization level, competition level, product life cycle, economy of scale, and global network. Motivation was found to include securing and preoccupying market, cost reduction and efficient production through moving of production base, and the necessity of network formation.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.48-62
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• 2016

Consumers have come to demand high quality, affordable prices, and innovative product designs of the outdoor wear market due to their well-being and leisure oriented lifestyle. A new system of business in outdoor wear has emerged in the process through which corporations have endeavored to satisfy such consumer needs. Outdoor wear brands have utilized social network services (SNS) such as Facebook and Twitter as means of marketing and have built close relations with consumers based on communication through these media. Recently, explosively escalating SNS data are referred to as social big data, and now that every consumer online is a commentator, reviewer, and publisher, the outdoor wear market and all of its brands have to stop talking and start listening to how they are perceived. Therefore, this study employs Social $Metrics^{TM}$, a social big data analysis solution by Daumsoft, Inc., to verify changes in the allusions related to outdoor wear market found on SNS. This study aims to identify changes in consumer perceptions of outdoor wear based on changes in outdoor wear search words and trends in positive and negative public opinion found in SNS social big data. In addition, products of interest, the major brands mentioned, the attributes taken into consideration during purchases of products, and consumers' psychology were categorized and analyzed by means of keywords related to outdoor wear brands found on SNS. The results of this study will provide fundamental resources for outdoor wear brands' market entry and brand strategy implementation in the future.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2008

Asian container market, expecially in the NEA(Northeast Asia) region, has been growing continuously according to international specialization of manufacturers. The circumstances surrounding port industry has also been changing rapidly. Global liner and GTO( Global Terminal Operators} have strengthen there market share with M&A and increased entry to Asia market. The competition in NEA have deepen with change of circumstance and the growth of Chinese ports while Busan port decreasing its growth rate and market share. Therefore, this study analysed the change of the port concentration in NEA and the positioning of Busan port by year. In the result, the competitive position of Busan port weakening continuously and loss much volume to competition port, and it suggests that a globalization strategy is essential for making sure of competitiveness based on the result of this paper.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.135-159
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• 2012

To the analysis and discussion whether to conceptualization between the basis and LCM(Life cycle management) of patentability decisions and evergreening through research on patent application strategies and litigation cases. The Stakeholders have said that the LCM and evergreening strategies are an innovative effort to develop new pharmaceuticals, while others say that it is an effort to block generic pharmaceuticals from entering the market and permanently dominate the market by generic pharmaceuticals manufacturers or health economic perspectives. To achieve the goal of research, to discuss for conceptualization LCM and Evergreening strategies through patent application strategies for 14 pharmaceuticals for APIs and case studies for litigations. As a results, the LCM is getting patent rights for the results of research at the initial R&D stage and as such this shall be regarded as part of an effort for technology innovation. However, Evergreening is granting patent rights for the results by making high permission barrier to prevent the market entry of generic pharmaceuticals in the late development period during the pharmaceuticals development process or after their launch. This may lead to the problem of getting weak in health economic aspects and consumer welfare aspects by lowering the market accessibility of cheap generic pharmaceuticals.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.181-186
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• 2022

The world's electric automobile sector has shifted beyond technological environmental changes to a stage that has an impact on the market environment. And automakers are shifting from the existing strategy of "technological advantage → brand enhancement → sales expansion of existing internal combustion engine vehicles" to the expansion of the electric automobile market itself, which is to enhance market competitiveness. In addition, competition in the electric automotive parts market is expected to intensify due to the expansion of the business areas of existing parts makers and the entry of new companies, and development cooperation is expected to actively proceed to improve the efficiency of major eco-friendly parts. Along with this prospect, electric vehicles are expected to change the overall structure of the automobile industry, the overall growth of the electric vehicle value chain such as batteries, power trains (motors, power management and control systems), electric vehicle production, and charging infrastructure Is expected. Therefore, in this thesis, in order to cultivate a variety of high-quality human resources that companies want to keep pace with the changing automobile industry, we study a professional manpower training program that leads the growth engine of the electric automobile industry.