• Resources Recycling
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.19-24
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• 2007

Reefs are the marine structure that can give resting, inhabiting, feeding and nursing spaces for a variety of fishes. Usually artificial reefs are made of cement and steels respectively in Japan as well as in Korea. However since resources deficiency has been getting serious, other materials are taken into consideration for the basic bodies of artificial reefs. About 300 thousand tons of waste agricultural plastic films are generated every yew in Korea, but no effective recycling techniques have been developed. In this sense, artificial reefs made of waste agricultural plastic films are the most representative symbol of the recycled products in the Resource Recycling Era. In particular, since these reefs could be made of the semi-cleaned waste agricultural plastic films that still contain high portion of soil, it is very environmentally friendly not only in manufacturing process but also in using under water. Furthermore they have some evident advantages as follows; 1) high fish swarming effect 2) good initial attachment of the marine growths 3) extremely low corrosion to brine 4) easy adjustment of the gravity 5) economical manufacture, transportation and jettison 6) excellent safety to ecosystem caused by lower elution of toxic substances 7) good recyclable property after application and so on.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

Maritime industry is recognized as a new value-adding and growth engine industry. It provides high value by creating clusters centering on ports. Advanced international ports are also clashing ahead to create clusters, boost profits, and strengthen competitiveness. The Korean government enacted policies for the establishment and upbringing of maritime industrial clusters in 2015. It is very important to understand which maritime industry has a comparative advantage in each region and to establish an integration strategy through maritime industrial clusters. This study analyzes the structure of the maritime industry in the Chungnam province, which is expected to deal with raw materials(mainly oil products), container throughput, and opening of ferry route with China's port. The study analyzed the existing literature on the maritime industry and classified the industry into 5 major categories, 21 sub-categories, and 84 sub-categories in shipping and logistics, shipbuilding, fishery, marine tourism industry, and other industries. Based on the reclassified maritime industry, the structure of the maritime industry in the Chungnam province was analyzed by using location quotient(LQ) and Shift-Share analysis. The study found that the fisheries industry showed the highest value(1.718) in the analysis of LQ, followed by the marine tourism industry(1.092), shipbuilding industry(0.823) and shipping and logistics industry(0.789). The total effect of the maritime industry in Chungnam province was 36,315 and the net growth effect, excluding the national growth effect, was estimated to be 21,321. Based on these results, we classify the maritime industry in the Chungnam province as comparative advantage and comparative disadvantage. The results of this study can be used as basic data for formulating strategies for the construction of the maritime industry cluster in the Chungnam province in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.137-150
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• 1996

Safety is built in to the activities of the prudent ship operator. Ant investment made towards this end is likely to have a measurable payback in positive terms. That there must be an investment is inevitable, because the industry at large has let things slip too far too long. Those who have not allowed it to slip too far and who are the first to recognize that safety, far from costing money, in the long term actually preserves it, will be wieners. Too many seem to have lost sight of the fact that every one hundred pennies saved is a full one hundred pennies profit. Every hundred pennies of additional revenue contributes no more then fifteen pence to profit. Environmental protection is not so simple, nor so financially attractive. Man needs the minerals of the Earth as well as the products of the soil and sea survive. We(the human race) are still not in the position, politically or financially to manage the Earth's assets without causing damage. The evidence of our damage is evident in many different parts of the Glove and will in some cases haunt several generations still to come. We have learned a lot, and continue to learn, but despite the best intentions some Government needs for their people will be at the expense of people in another region for the foreseeable future. We sailors ply the seas with the raw materials of commerce as well as the finished and part finished goods. It does not always sit well to consider too deeply what effect the ship and the cargo it carries is having, or may have, on some communities, or on the sea through which sail. None my generation can hold up his head and claim to be without blame in the pollution of the seas. Times are changing though, and Governments are turning their attention more to the protection of our planet and its precious resources. This will not be without cost. The investment will have to be made not for our benefit, but for the benefit of generations yet to come, however the cost will have to be borne by society as a whole, not by the shipping community alone. The debate surrounding the choice between engineering our way to a better tomorrow, or adapting our working practices will continue. Each method has the same goal as its target and as long as we attain the goal does it really matter how we get there?

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2021

Phytochemicals include plant-derived natural products that promote and improve the human metabolism and physiological activity, and there is a lot of research to find the value of the molecules is in progress. Likewise, we obtained 288 fractions of Capsicum annuum L. extract in less than 20 h using HPLC/SPE/HPLC coupling experiment through Sepbox system, an effective separation system to search for active substances in natural resources and ensure efficacy and reliability. Therefore, this experiment allowed rapid identification of biologically active molecules from the extract compared to traditional separation processes. Of the above fractions, eight fractions showed the α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activity and subsequent LC-MS analysis revealed one of the active molecules as luteolin 7-O-glucoside. In addition, we proved the increase in AGI activity according to deglycosylation of flavonoid glycoside. Therefore, this study suggests that the Sepbox system can quickly separate and identify active components from plant extract, and is an effective technique for finding new active substances.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.160-167
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• 2023

An INS is a composite navigation system providing "added value" so defined if work stations provide Multi-Function Displays(MFDs) integrating information and functions for navigational tasks. Even though the minimum requirements for an INS are defined by IMO performance standards, a generic list of the devices and functions that constitute an INS does not exist, so the configuration of the INS is different for each manufacturer, and guidelines based on users' perspectives are also insufficient. This study was conducted to enhance the usability of the INS by analyzing the information required by users according to the ship's operating status and tasks and effectively structuring it in the MFD of the INS. By analyzing INS-related international standards and manufacturers' component equipment lists, mandatory navigation information was selected and card sorting tests were conducted on ship operators with experience in using MFDs to group the information required for each INS task. The results of the study can serve as a basic guideline for manufacturers to structure information based on users' experience when designing products.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 2011

Atmospheric aerosol deposition caused by Asian dust (KOSA) events provide nutrients, trace metals, and organic compounds over the Pacific Ocean that enhance ocean productivity and carbon sequestration and, thus, influence the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and climate. Using dust particles obtained from the snow layers on Mt. Tateyama and the surface sand of Loess Plateau in incubation experiments with natural seawater samples on a shipboard, we demonstrate that dust-particle additions enhanced the bacterial growth on the first day of incubation. Gram-positive bacterial group and alpha-proteobacteria were specifically detected form seawater samples including the mineral particles. Although the remarkable dynamics of trace elements and nutrients depend on dust-particle additions, it is possible that organic compounds present in the mineral particles or transported microbial cells could also contribute to an increase in the quantities of bacteria. The chlorophyll concentrations at fractions of every size indicated a similar pattern of change between the seawater samples with and without the dust-particle additions. In contrast, the chlorophyll measurement using submersible fluorometer revealed that the dynamics of phytoplankton composition were influenced by the dust-particles treatments. We conclude that the phytoplankton that uses the bacterial products would increase their biomass. We show that KOSA deposition can potentially alter the structures of bacterial communities and indirectly influence the patterns of marine primary production in the Pacific Ocean.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.32-37
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• 2009

In shipyard, plate forming is widely used to form the ship hull plate in various shapes. Line heating method by using a flame torch is one of the major shipbuilding processes carried out by skilled workers. Since the forming characteristics depend upon their experiences in manual forming, there are much variations between products and difficulties in communication between engineers and workers. Hence, it needs to develop an automatic forming system which can not only reduce the working time and rework costs but also improve the working environment and hull forming productivity. One of the final goals of plate forming automation is to form a target shape from the initial plate automatically. For automated plate forming, it is required to determine where and how to heat on the plate. To realize this procedure, the inverse problem should be first solved and the effect of curvature shape formed at the heating path should be investigated. In this study, the inverse problem was solved by geometrical approach using the relationship between bending angle and radius of curvature of the curved shape. In addition, experiments of two-dimensional plate forming were performed with the distance-based method considering the curved bending with curvature. The result of the formed shape agreed considerably well with the target shape.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.336-340
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• 2007

Plants from the genus Centaurea (C.) (Family: Asteraceae alt. Compositae), widely distributed in Asia, Europe and North America, have traditionally been used in the treatment of various ailments. As a part of our on-going studies on the plants from the genus C. for their phytochemistry and biological activities, extracts of the seeds of Turkish endemic C. species, C. bornmuelleri and C. huber-morathii, were tested for their cytotoxicity towards the CaCo2 colon cancer cell line as well as for the toxicity towards the brine shrimps, using the MTT and the brine shrimp lethality assays, respectively. Among the extracts, the MeOH extract of these plants showed significant toxicity towards the brine shrimps ($LD_{50}=55.2{\times}10^{-2}\;and\;42.4{\times}10^{-2}mg/ml$, respectively). The MeOH extract of both C. species also inhibited the growth of CaCo2 colon cancer cells in the MTT assay ($IC_{50}$=29.9 and 33.0 g/ml, respectively). As the most prominent activities in both assays were observed with the MeOH extracts, it can be assumed that the compound(s) responsible for these activities are polar in nature.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.367-375
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• 2019

Pufferfish (Takifugu spp.) are economically important edible marine fish. Mistakes in pufferfish classification can lead to poisoning; therefore, accurate species identification is critical. In this study, we used the mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) to design specific primers for six Takifugu species among the 21 domestic or imported pufferfish species legally sold for consumption in Korea. We rapidly and simultaneously identified these pufferfish species using a highly efficient, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system with the six species-specific primers. The results showed that species-specific multiplex PCR (multiplex species-specific polymerase chain reaction; MSS-PCR) either specifically amplified PCR products of a unique size or failed. MSS-PCR yielded amplification fragment lengths of 897 bp for Takifugu pardalis, 822 bp for T. porphyreus, 667 bp for T. niphobles, 454 bp for T. poecilonotus, 366 bp for T. rubripes, and 230 bp for T. xanthpterus using the species-specific primers and a control primer (ca. 1,200 bp). We visualized the results using agarose gel electrophoresis to obtain accurate contrasts of the six Takifugu species. MSS-PCR analysis is easily performed and provides identification results within 6 h. This technique is a powerful tool for the discrimination of Takifugu species and will help prevent falsified labeling, protect consumer rights, and reduce the risk of pufferfish poisoning..

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2016

This study was conducted to develop a fast and efficient screening method to determine the quantity of fatty acid in peanut oil for high oleate breeding program. A total of 329 peanut samples were used in this study, 227 of which were considered in the calibration equation development and 102 were utilized for validation, using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). The NIRS equations for all the seven fatty acids had low standard error of calibration (SEC) values, while high R2 values of 0.983 and 0.991 were obtained for oleic and linoleic acids, respectively in the calibration equation. Furthermore, the predicted means of the two main fatty acids in the calibration equation were very similar to the means based on gas chromatography (GC) analysis, ranging from 36.7 to 77.1% for oleic acid and 7.1 to 42.7% for linoleic acid. Based on the standard error of prediction (SEP), bias values, and $R^2$ statistics, the NIRS fatty acid equations were accurately predicted the concentrations of oleic and linoleic acids of the validation sample set. These results suggest that NIRS equations of oleic and linoleic acid can be used as a rapid mass screening method for fatty acid content analysis in peanut breeding program.