• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.62-70
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• 2005

The determination of peripheral nerve conduction velocity is an important part to electrodiagnosis. Its value as neurophysiologic investigative procedure has been known for many years but normal value of median and ulnar motor nerve was poorly reported in Korea. To evaluate of median and ulnar motor nerve terminal latency, amplitude of CMAP(compound muscle action potential), conduction velocity and F-wave latency for obtain clinically useful reference value. 71 normal volunteers(age, 19-65 years; 142 hands) examined who has no history of peripheral neuropathy, diabetic mellitus, chronic renal failure, endocrine disorders, anti-cancer medicine, anti-tubercle medicine, alcoholism, trauma, radiculopathy. Nicolet Viking II was use for detected terminal latency, amplitude of CMAP, conduction velocity and F-wave latency of median and ulnar motor nerve. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Descriptive analysis was used for obtain mean and standard deviation, independent t-test was used to compare between Rt and Lt side also compare between different in genders. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Median motor nerve terminal latency was right 3.00ms, left 2.99ms and there was no significantly differences between right and left side and genders. 2. Median motor nerve amplitude of CMAP was right 17.26mV, left 1750mV and there was no significantly differences between right and left side and genders. 3. Median motor nerve conduction velocity was right 57.89m/sec, left 58.03m/sec and there was no significantly differences between right and left side and genders. 4. Median motor nerve F-wave latency was right 25.74ms, left 25.59ms and there was significantly differences between genders. 5. Ulnar motor nerve terminal latency was right 2.38ms, left 2.45ms and there was significantly differences between right and left side. 6. Ulnar motor nerve amplitude of CMAP was right 15.99mV, left 16.02mV and there was no significantly differences between right and left side and genders. 7. Ulnar motor nerve conduction velocity was right 60.35m/sec, left 59.73m/sec and there was no significantly differences between right and left side and genders. 8. Ulnar motor nerve F-wave latency was right 25.53ms, left 25.57ms and there was significantly differences between genders.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.289-300
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• 2017

Objectives: This case report describes the effect of Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture (HPP) on multiple sclerosis. Methods: A multiple sclerosis patient with gait disturbances, tremors, spasms of both lower limbs, and diplopia was treated with only HPP for two weeks. To evaluate the effects of HPP on the balance ability of the patient, the Functional System (FS) scale, Expanded Disability Statue Scale (EDSS), visual analog scale (VAS), manual muscle test (MMT), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were used. Results: The HPP treatment reduced the patient's gait disturbance, tremors, spasms of the lower limbs, and diplopia. According to the FS scale, the patient's cerebellar and optic functions were enhanced. In addition, the patient's performance on the EDSS improved from 4.0 to 3.0.3. As shown by the MMT, the lower extremities showed a mild improvement (from F+ to G.4). Furthermore, the VAS showed a considerable improvement, decreasing from 9 to 6.5 post-treatment. The patient's performance on the BBS, which denotes balance ability, showed a considerable improvement, increasing from 38 to 49. Conclusion: Treatment with only HPP could help to ameliorate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.118-124
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• 2017

Objective: This study describes the case of a patient with a left basal ganglia (BG) infarct who had made almost a complete recovery upon discharge from the hospital in 2014 but who was re-admitted after 31 months with a worsened hemiplegic gait. Methods: The patient had undergone no rehabilitation treatment in the 31 months since his discharge. When the patient was re-admitted to our hospital in 2017, stance and gait data were collected on the patient using a treadmill gait analysis system. In addition, the patient underwent a manual muscle test (MMT) evaluation, and his Motricity index (MI) and modified Barthel index (MBI) scores were recorded. After rehabilitation for one month, the patient was reassessed, and the results were compared to those on the day of re-admission and those recorded in 2014. Results: Compared to the 2014 evaluation results, the patient's stance parameters and gait parameters had worsened at re-admission. However, there was no significant change in the patient's MMT grade or MI and MBI scores in comparison to the results of the 2014 evaluation. After one month of rehabilitation, the patient was re-evaluated again, but there was no significant change in comparison to the evaluation results at re-admission. Conclusion: Some of the stroke patients who have passed six months since the onset of their stroke may require ongoing rehabilitation although the functions of them is almost recovered. Because there is a possibility that recovered functions get worse again without any rehabilitation for a long time. And once the recovered functions get worse, re-recovery of them is not easy.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.217-225
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• 2017

Objectives: This case study evaluated the effectiveness of Chengsimyeonja-tang-gamibang (Gamicheongsim-tang and Cheongsimsunhwal-tang) in a patient with a pontine hemorrhage and quadriparesis, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Methods: A patient diagnosed with a pontine hemorrhage was treated with Chengsimyeonja-tang-gamibang (Gamicheongsim-tang and Cheongsimsunhwal-tang) acupuncture, and moxibustion. The manual muscle test (MMT), modified Barthel index (MBI), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Mini Mental State Examination-Korea (MMSE-K), and Articulatory Functional Ability of Achievement Scale were administered. Results: Improvements in the MMT, MBI, NIHSS, mRS, and K-MMSE were observed after the treatment. The MMT grade increased from Rt. 3/3- and Lt. 3/3- pretreatment to Rt. 4/4 and Lt. 4+/4+ post-treatment. The MBI increased from 10 to 50 post-treatment. The NIHSS decreased from 24 to 6 post-treatment, and the mRS fell from 5 to 4 post-treatment. Finally, the MMSE-K increased from 0 to 24 post-treatment. The Articulatory Functional Ability of Achievement Scale also improved. Conclusion: This study shows that Chengsimyeonja-tang-gamibang can be used to treat the symptoms of patients with a pontine hemorrhage.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.180-189
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe the effects of traditional Korean medicine treatment on a patient with an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at the left basal ganglia, thalamus, and posterior limb of the internal capsule. Methods: The patient was treated with acupuncture, moxibustion, Hyangsayukgunja-tang, and Samul-tang-gami. The effect of these treatments were evaluated using the manual muscle test (MMT), modified Barthel index (MBI), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: After the treatments, the patient's status improved, as shown by his MMT grade, which increased from 1/1 to 4/4. In addition, the patient's MBI score improved from 0 to 77, and his NIHSS score declined from 16 to 2. In addition, the patient's Levin tube and Foley catheter were removed. Conclusion: The results suggest that traditional Korean medicine may be effective in the treatment of patients with ICH.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.777-786
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• 2020

Background: This study is a report on a case of a Wernicke's encephalopathy with quadriplegia, ataxia, and impaired cognition, whose condition was improved by Korean medicine treatment. Case report: A 51-year-old man diagnosed with Wernicke's encephalopathy was treated with acupuncture, Banhabakchulchunma-tang mixed with Ondam-tang-gami (半夏白朮天麻湯合溫膽湯加味), cupping, moxibustion, and rehabilitation. Clinical symptoms were measured with the Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Korean Mini Mental Status Exam (K-MMSE), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and a numeric rating scale (NRS). After 22 days of treatment, his clinical symptoms showed improvement. The motor function improved (MMT Rt. side Gr. 4+G/4+G, Lt. side Gr. 4G/4+G → Rt. side Gr. 5-N/4+G, Lt. side Gr. 5-N/4+G), Ataxia was relieved (BBS 3→33), cognition improved (K-MMSE 15→27), ADL scores showed improvement (FIM 58→90, MBI 40→75), and the NRS score decreased for headache (3→0). Conclusion: Korean medicine treatment could be effective in the treatment of patients with Wernicke's encephalopathy.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.990-997
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• 2016

Objectives: This study observed changes in gait pattern according to the motor grade of the paretic lower limb in patients with basal ganglia stroke who are in the subacute phase. Methods: We used the Manual Muscle Test (MMT) to evaluate the motor grade of the paretic lower limb of 21 patients with subacute basal ganglia stroke and then divided them into two groups based on the MMT results. Stroke patients with a motor grade above Gr. III were put in group I (15 people) and those with a grade less than Gr. III in group II (6 people). We also estimated spatiotemporal factors using treadmill gait analysis equipment. The values were gait velocity, step length, step time, double support phase, and cadence. The first measure was conducted during the early period of admission and the second was between four and five weeks after admission. Results: In Group I, the gait velocity and step length of both legs significantly increased. In Group II, the step length and step time of the paretic side and the gait velocity tended to decrease, but not significantly. The step length of the paretic side in Group II was significantly longer than that in Group I at the first measure. The step time of the paretic side in Group I was significantly shorter than that in Group II and gait velocity and cadence in Group I were significantly higher than in Group II at the second measure. Conclusions: The gait parameters of all stroke patients improved in terms of time. In addition, the changes in gait pattern were different depending on the motor grade of the paretic lower limb.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.204-212
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate the effect of traditional Korean medical treatments on a stroke patient with gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, dysuria, and dysphagia. A 78-year-old female with chronic middle cerebral artery infarction had symptoms of gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, dysuria, and dysphagia. After being treated with Korean medicine therapies, including acupuncture and herbal medicine, the patient's symptoms were significantly improved. During all the treatments, Indices including manual muscle test, functional ambulation category, functional independence measuring, mini-mental state examination-K, global deterioration scale, pelvic symmetry, functional ambulation profile used to evaluate her symptoms indicated improvement in her symptoms, without any side effects. Traditional Korean medical treatments, such as acupuncture and herbal medicine, can be considered to be effective therapies for a stoke patient who has symptoms of gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, dysuria, and dysphagia.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.1015-1022
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe the effects of traditional Korean medicine treatment on a patient with an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at the left basal ganglia. Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Gamicheongsim-tang, Hwangryunhaedok-tang-tablet), acupuncture, moxibustion, and rehabilitative therapy. The effects of these treatments were evaluated using the manual muscle test (MMT), sensory scale, Korean version of the modified Barthel index (K-MBI), and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: After treatment, the MMT grade improved from 3+/3+ to 4+/4+, and the sensory scale increased from 40%/40%/40% to 80%/80%/80%. In addition, the K-MBI score improved from 56 to 100, and the NIHSS score decreased from 7 to 1. Conclusion: The results suggest that traditional Korean medicine can be effective in the treatment of patients with ICH.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.904-913
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• 2018

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome that evokes either myopathy or cola-colored urine with elevated creatine kinase and myoglobin levels. The most common complication of rhabdomyolysis is acute renal failure (ARF). A large quantity of fluid must be injected promptly the first time symptoms appear, whereas sequela of symptoms has remained in the long run. In this report, a 58-year-woman was diagnosed with ARF due to rhabdomyolysis induced by exercise, alcohol, and medication. A treatment of acupuncture and herbal medicines was carried out for over 2 months. To evaluate the condition of the patient's lower limb, a short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), and Manual Muscle Test (MMT) points were used. As a result, clinical symptoms and quality of life improved noticeably after treatment with Korean medicine. This suggests that Korean medicine has an effect on rhabdomyolysis.