• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

전장에서의 무인기 활용이 시작된 이후 무인기는 기만, 정찰, 공격 등 다양한 임무에 투입되어 인간을 대신하여 성공적인 임무를 수행하여 왔다. 과거, 기술의 제한으로 자율적 임무수행이나 유인기와의 협업을 통한 임무는 불가하였으나 데이터 통신, 인공지능 등의 기술 발전으로 인하여 자율임무 수행은 물론 유무인 협업을 통한 시너지 효과를 창출하는 수준까지 발전하였다. 본 연구에서는 공군의 항공우주작전 중 공대공 임무를 중심으로 유무인 협업이 가능한 임무를 식별하였으며, 많은 공대공 임무 중 가장 핵심이면서 기본 작전으로 판단된 전투기소탕에 관한 유무인 협업 전술 개발을 연구하였다. 전투기소탕 작전 중에서도 유무인 협업을 통한 비스텔스기 대응과 스텔스기 대응 전술로 구분하여 연구를 진행하였으며, 이후 간단한 공학시뮬레이션을 통하여 제시한 전술의 실효성(임무 성공과 유무인기 생존 가능성)을 증명하였다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.16-19
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• 2024

One of the current focal points in the defense sector is how to strategically leverage the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in military operations. The Fourth Industrial Revolution denotes a transformational shift in the environment where automation and connectivity are maximized, primarily driven by advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence. Coined by Klaus Schwab at the 2015 Davos Forum, this term signifies a profound change in human activities, akin to how a single machine replaced hundreds of laborers in the past. The military application of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies is increasingly researched and anticipated to be actively implemented. Combat, as a subset of warfare, entails military actions between units conducting war. Typically performed by units to achieve one or more objectives, the concept of combat involves the fundamental ideas guiding the conduct of military operations against adversaries, both presently and in the future. Hence, it is imperative for our military to develop future combat concepts by harnessing the key technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.935-943
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 협업기반의 임무 수행 시 유·무인전투기 각각의 역할을 도출하고 복합 운용방안을 제시하기 위한 임무 적합도 평가 방법론을 제시하였다. 유·무인전투기 복합운용을 위한 대표 임무로 SEAD 임무를 선정하고 기체 성능, 장비성능 그리고 자율성 수준을 고려한 성능평가표를 작성하여 유인전투기와 무인전투기의 성능을 비교하였다. SEAD의 세부 임무절차를 구분하여 성능평가표의 항목과 결합된 임무적합도 평가지표를 설계하고, 전문가 설문을 통해 임무적합도를 평가하였다. 평가결과를 통해 세부 임무의 위험성과 중요도에 따라 무인기와 유인기의 적정 역할을 설정할 수 있었고, 이를 바탕으로 조종사의 임무부담을 줄이도록 임무, 통제권, 유·무인전투기의 임무 및 기동을 반영한 시간 기반의 임무계획을 수립할 수 있었다.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2022

Remote-controlled and autonomous driving based on artificial intelligence are key elements required for unmanned combat vehicles. The required capability of such an unmanned combat vehicle should be expressed in reasonable required operational capability(ROC). To this end, in this paper, the requirements of an unmanned combat vehicle operated under a manned-unmanned teaming were analyzed. The functional requirements are remote operation and control, communication, sensor-based situational awareness, field environment recognition, autonomous return, vehicle tracking, collision prevention, fault diagnosis, and simultaneous localization and mapping. Remote-controlled and autonomous driving of unmanned combat vehicles could be achieved through the combination of these functional requirements. It is expected that the requirement analysis results presented in this study will be utilized to satisfy the military operational concept and provide reasonable technical indicators in the system development stage.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.155-166
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• 2013

We present recent human-vehicle interaction (HVI) research conducted in the area of defense and military application. Research topics discussed in this paper include: training simulation for overland navigation tasks; expertise effects in overland navigation performance and scan patterns; pilot's perception and confidence on an overland navigation task; effects of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) supervisory control on F-18 formation flight performance in a simulator environment; autonomy balancing in a manned-unmanned teaming (MUT) swarm attack, enabling visual detection of IED (Improvised Explosive Device) indicators through Perceptual Learning Assessment and Training; usability test on DaViTo (Data Visualization Tool); and modeling peripheral vision for moving target search and detection. Diverse and leading HVI study in the defense domain suggests future research direction in other HVI emerging areas such as automotive industry and aviation domain.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.664-675
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• 2021

Air force air-to-air combat tactics are occurring at a high speed in three-dimensional space. The specification of the tactics requires dealing with a quite amount of information, which makes it a challenge to accurately describe the maneuvering procedure of the tactics. The specification of air-to-air tactics using natural languages is not suitable because of the intrinsic ambiguity of natural languages. Therefore, this paper proposes an approach of using UML Sequence Diagram to describe air-to-air combat tactics. Since the current Sequence Diagram notation is not sufficient to express all aspects of the tactics, we extend the syntax of the Sequence Diagram to accommodate the required features of air-to-air combat tactics. We evaluate the applicability of the extended Sequence Diagram to air-to-air combat tactics using a case example, that is the manned-unmanned teaming combat tactic. The result shows that Sequence Diagram specification is more advantageous than natural language specification in terms of readability, conciseness, and accuracy. However, the expressiveness of the Sequence Diagram is evaluated to be less powerful than natural language, requiring further study to address this issue.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.308-315
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• 2023

Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022. Many military experts predicted that Russia could defeat Ukraine within a week, but the Ukraine-Russia War has not been going as expected. Indeed, Ukraine military has been defending well and seems to fight more efficiently than Russian military. There are many reasons for this unexpected situation and one apparent thing is due to artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. This study focused on AI-enabled combats that the Armed Forces of Ukraine has carried out around Siverskyi Donets River, the Crimean Peninsula, and suburbs of Kyiv. For more systematic analysis, the revolution in military affairs (RMA) theory was applied. There are four significant implications inferred by studying current Ukraine-Russia War. First, AI technologies are effective even in the current status and seems to be more influential. Second, hyper-connected network by satellite communications must be needed to enhance the AI weapon effects. Third, military AI technologies should be based on the civil-military cooperation to keep up with pace of technological innovation. Fourth, AI ethics in military should be seriously considered and established in the use of AI technologies. We expect that this study could help ROK Armed Forces to be modernized in the revolutionary fashion, especially for manned and unmanned teaming (MUM-T) system.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2023

본 연구는 군사 선진국인 미국, 이스라엘 및 프랑스의 유·무인 복합체계(MUMT) 프로그램을 고찰함으로써 미래 우리나라 육군이 나아가야 할 방향성을 제시한 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 우선 미(美) 지상군의 'Squad-X' 프로그램, 이스라엘 지상군의 디지털 아미프로그램(DAP) 및 프랑스 육군의 스콜피온(Scorpion) 프로그램의 현황을 고찰하였다. 다음으로, 이것들의 미래 전장에서의 싸우는 방법인 전투개념과 이를 뒷받침하는 무기체계들이 복합된 전투체계의 발전 동향을 논의하였다. 마지막으로, 이를 바탕으로 미래 대한민국 육군이 나가야 할 유·무인 복합전투체계의 발전방향을 결론으로 제시하였다. 이와 같은 군사 선진국의 유·무인 복합체계는 비밀리에 발전되고 있기 때문에 지속적인 종단연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.637-647
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• 2022

Since the concept of Manned-UnManned Teaming(MUM-T) and Unmanned Aircraft System(UAS) can efficiently respond to rapidly changing battle space, many studies are being conducted as key components of the mosaic warfare environment. In this paper, we propose a rule-based AI engagement model based on Basic Fighter Maneuver(BFM) capable of Within-Visual-Range(WVR) air-to-air combat and a simulation environment in which human pilots can participate. In order to develop a rule-based AI engagement model that can pilot a fighter with a 6-DOF dynamics model, tactical manuals and human pilot experience were configured as knowledge specifications and modeled as a behavior tree structure. Based on this, we improved the shortcomings of existing air combat models. The proposed model not only showed a 100 % winning rate in engagement with human pilots, but also visualized decision-making processes such as tactical situations and maneuvering behaviors in real time. We expect that the results of this research will serve as a basis for development of various AI-based engagement models and simulators for human pilot training and embedded software test platform for fighter.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2023

The military is facing a continuous decrease in personnel, and in order to cope with potential accidents and challenges in operations, efforts are being made to reduce the direct involvement of personnel by utilizing the latest technologies. Recently, the use of various sensors related to Manned-Unmanned Teaming and artificial intelligence technologies has gained attention, emphasizing the need for flexible utilization methods. In this paper, we propose four dataset construction methods that can be used for effective training of robots that can be deployed in military operations, utilizing not only RGB image data but also data acquired from IR image sensors. Since there is no publicly available dataset that combines RGB and IR image data, we directly acquired the dataset within buildings. The input values were constructed by combining RGB and IR image sensor data, taking into account the field of view, resolution, and channel values of both sensors. We compared the proposed method with conventional RGB image data classification training using the same learning model. By employing the proposed image data fusion method, we observed improved stability in training loss and approximately 3% higher accuracy.