• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 1991

Tracheostomy may be used to assure airway protection in various clinical situation. It, as a known operation, has a history spanning 2000 years. The first clear account of a successful tracheostomy was recorded in 1546 by Brasavola. Until 1718 the term "bronchotomy" was used to describe the procedure. Heister then introduce the term "tracheotomy and this was later adopted and popularized by Trousseau about 1830. The term "tracheostomy" appeared in medical literature after 1820 and the two terms "tracheostomy" and "tracheotomy" are used interchangeably today. Indications include relief of upper airway obstruction, facilitation of pulmonary toilet, diminution of dead space and need for prolonged mechanical ventilation. The extent of indication of tracheostomy has a tendency to increase, thus oral and maxillofacial surgeons have some opportunities to face a situation that require tracheostomy. So, we reported retrospective study of 31 cases of tracheostomy patient in oral and maxillofacial surgery with reference review to reveal the significance of surgical skill and management capability of emergercy state maxillofacial surgery patients.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.83-95
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• 2010

This study is to investigate the relationship between job characteristics and job satisfaction in manufacturing company and difference of perceived job satisfaction from employment type(employees and temporary employees). The result of this study are as follows: (1) job characteristics such as skill variety, job identity, autonomy are related to job satisfaction, (2) the perceived job satisfaction is made a no difference between employees and temporary employees. The results above indicate that the job satisfaction difference from employment type can be used for organization to improve the organizational effectiveness including organizational competitiveness and employee's job satisfaction.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.251-262
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• 2020

The study was conducted to investigate factors influencing satisfaction in major on nursing students. A convenience sample 159 nursing student was selected from G do and C do, between 17 June and 24 June 2019. Data were analyzed t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Factors that influenced satisfaction in major included gender, age, religion, perceived academic achievement, acquisition of fundamental nursing skills(FNS), perceived health state. Satisfaction in major showed a positive correlation with learning self-efficacy(LSE), confidence in performance of FNS and satisfaction with practicum. These variables revealed regression analysis that significant factor and explained 63.0% of the variance. It is necessary to develop and test programs to ensure an improvement in LSE, confidence in performance of FNS and satisfaction with practicum among nursing students to increase their satisfaction in major.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.471-483
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• 2020

Flood prediction is an important issue to prevent damages by flood inundation caused by increasing high-intensity rainfall with climate change. In recent years, machine learning algorithms have been receiving attention in many scientific fields including hydrology, water resources, natural hazards, etc. The performance of a machine learning algorithm was investigated to predict the water elevation of a river in this study. The aim of this study was to develop a new method for securing a large enough lead time for flood defenses by predicting river water elevation using the a long- short-term memory (LSTM) technique. The water elevation data at the Oisong gauging station were selected to evaluate its applicability. The test data were the water elevation data measured by K-water from 15 February 2013 to 26 August 2018, approximately 5 years 6 months, at 1 hour intervals. To investigate the predictability of the data in terms of the data characteristics and the lead time of the prediction data, the data were divided into the same interval data (group-A) and time average data (group-B) set. Next, the predictability was evaluated by constructing a total of 36 cases. Based on the results, group-A had a more stable water elevation prediction skill compared to group-B with a lead time from 1 to 6 h. Thus, the LSTM technique using only measured water elevation data can be used for securing the appropriate lead time for flood defense in a river.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2012

In order to study the relation between self-directed learning readiness and mathematical inclination, we survey the adjusted SDLRS(self-directed learning readiness scale) of Guglielmino's model and the mathematical inclination, the recognition of mathematics for 2011 year engineering freshmen in D university. Research results are as follows: First of all, middle level engineering freshmen showed average level of self-directed learning readiness, and they had lower level of motivation, passion and time management skill. The relation of SDLR and the mathematical inclination was strong. Furthermore, SDLR and the recognition of mathematics in engineering freshmen was found to be the most closely related. Based on the results of the study, we suggest to study of strategies to elevate SDLR of engineering students and improve their achievement in college mathematics. Especially, we suggest that college mathematics for engineering freshmen must be focused on the improvement of SDLR.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.210-220
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• 2017

Purpose: The study aimed to describe the utilization of home healthcare in patients using home mechanical ventilator(HMV) Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used in this study. A Questionnaires were sent to nation wide home healthcare agencies to assess their utilization status of home healthcare. A convenience sample of 158 patients data was reviewed. Result: A total of 88(55.7%) men with the mean age of 51.94(${\pm}19.52$) years were included in the study. Approximately 55.1% of patients at the outpatient department were referred to the home healthcare services after discharge. The underlying diseases were as follows : 129 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 27 muscular dystrophies. A total of 155 patients have invasive HMV. Efficient home healthcare nursing activities provided by a highly skilled home healthcare advanced practice nurses(HHCAPN) were tracheotomy and gastrostomy tube management and urinary catheterization. The average frequency of home visit for one patient was 2.52times per month. The duration of home healthcare utilization with >1 year was 82.9%. HHCAPNs have limited knowledge and skill for HMV. Conclusion: The government support is required to provide sufficient home healthcare services to the patients discharged with HMV. HHCAPNs should be properly educated on the effective HMV care.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.43-57
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• 2011

Chronic mental-handicapped people are lacking in non-verbal expression such as eye contact, intonation, voice volume, facial expression, and gesture as well as the contents of speech, speak with a monotonous voice, fail to be vivid and clear in voice, and have absence of expression, thereby bringing about difficulty even for social adjustment and about low self-esteem. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to examine effectiveness for enhancing self-expression and self-esteem by applying music therapy to the chronic mental-handicapped. The subjects were the chronic mental-handicapped who receive rehabilitation service at the community rehabilitation center, and who have over 10 years in the duration of disease. 1he music therapy activity was progressed with totally 14 sessions during 7 weeks with twice a week. This study confirmed t-test that is verification of difference in the mean, in order to examine difference between before and after music therapy in self-expression and self-esteem of the chronic mental-handicapped, and researched into qualitative case. The findings are as follows. First, as a result of score in self-expression scale, the significant improvement was shown after music therapy compared to before music therapy. The significant difference was indicated in verbal self-expression, phonetic self-expression, and non-verbal self-expression, which are its sub-spheres. Thus, the conclusion was obtained as saying that music therapy is effective for enhancing self-expression. Second, as a result of score in self-esteem scale, the significant difference was shown after music therapy compared to before music therapy. Thus, the conclusion was obtained as saying that music therapy is effective for enhancing self-esteem. Through the above results, the music therapy showed effectiveness of self-expression ability and self-esteem in the chronic mental-handicapped at the community rehabilitation center, thereby having been confirmed to be possibly utilized as rehabilitation program for the social skill ability and the social adjustment of the chronic mental-handicapped.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.19-34
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• 2010

This study aims to describe actual condition of residents' involvement of Sk$\"{a}$rk$\"{a}$ll ecovillage in Sweden by in-depth interviews with five residents. This study, hopefully, could contribute to offer useful information for forming ecovillage, as well as awakening about ecovillage movement to the public in Korea. The interviews were fulfilled during spring of 2010 in G$\"{o}$teborg and Sk$\"{a}$rk$\"{a}$ll ecovillage in Sweden. The results are as follows: 1) In terms of overall residents' involvement by self-evaluation everybody agrees with that residents' involvement was quite excellent during forming stage of the village, while it has been notably decreased now in running stage. It reveals there is a gap between ideology and reality. 2) Concerning decision making method, they use majority decision instead of consensus, since only 9 households of 20 are residing there all year around, it is hardly possible to assemble all the residents in the meeting. In Accordance with problematic conflicts in the village recently, development of socialization with others and education of communication skill for residents probably could be helpful to resolve conflicts among residents in long term. 3) In terms of evaluation of ecovillage movement in Sk$\"{a}$rk$\"{a}$ll ecovillage, it is the fact that many residents live less self-sufficiently, more energy consumed than the ideology pursuits. Also, they live with close connections with conventional society. Nevertheless, the efforts they are willing to practice 3R principles (Recycle, Reuse, Reduction) have to be highly respected, if we consider its educational influence to environmental movement for the conventional society.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.995-1005
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• 2015

This study is to analyze the AHP of the lifelong education program per each domain of six classifications. According to this study result, the relative importance of the lifelong education program per each domain is as following: Literacy education, Vocation and Workforce education, Citizen Participatory education in descending order of importance. As for the relative importance of the lifelong education program per each subcomponent is Expended literacy, Fundamental Life Skill, Workforce Continuing Education in descending order of importance. The results of this study can be used in lifelong educators of education and training and lifelong education, designed, theoretically realistic lifelong education programs development and management of educational practice field, provides many implications for the development of lifelong learning as practical implications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.252-261
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• 2014

Marine casualties originated from fishing vessel occupied about 70% of the whole marine casualties in Korea from 2001 to 2010, this ratio was not much changed as it was before. Therefore a pragmatic counterplan to decrease of casualties in fishing vessel is indispensable for reduction of the nationwide marine casualties. But since the casualties occurred by fishing vessel may have a different causes and counterplan according to the operating type of it, in this paper, fishing vessels classified into 12 types by operating method and inspected the causes and counterplan for that. The operating type of fishing vessel occurred the specific casualties more were jig boat in collisions and fire explosion, trap fishing boat, mixed fishing boats and inshore gill netter in collisions, stow netter in machinery damages and capsizing, offshore gill netter in machinery damages, fish carrier in collisions. It must be emphasized that the higher ranked types of vessels, especially jig boat have to take special care to the approaching vessels under way, trap fishing boat to rear look out and mixed fishing boat must keep on safety speed and be taken an education for advance the skill of operating radar as well. For all 12 types of fishing vessel, it is necessary for an operator to make strict precaution on the other vessel under way systematically and keep the regulation for preventing collisions, and for an engineer on watch to make a check the electricity and the engines periodically for reduction the fire explosion and machinery damages.