• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.2 s.68
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• pp.25-52
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• 2005

Since late 1990's, the Fish Aquiculture Households belong Fishing Community have been faced very serious pressure of management. The surface factors of this situation have been understood to overproduction and too much imports from China, but basic factor was caused structural problem, that is considered small scale production system. Then, We should enlarge scale of the Fish Aquiculture Households belong Fishing Community to overcoming profitability aggravation. To the Enlargement of Scale, We should consider to change the regime of Fishing Community that means two practical programs. First, it need to enlarge the scale of Fishing Community than now, and Second, it need to incorporate the Fishing Community for exclusive Management of Fish Aquiculture Rights.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.97-118
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• 1999

This study discussed the international reorganization of fisheries in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, for the cases of Korea, China and Japan, through the fishery competition and the division of sea areas and resources. In these sea areas, each country has done mutual operation, which causes the fishery competition and controls fishery development. Besides, Exclusive Economic Zon(EEZ) established in 1996 resulted in the prominent changes of fishery development as well as fishery relationship among each country, demands reorganization of fisheries. New fishery order in these sea areas is controlled by BEZ system. The fishery reorganization according to EEZ is a common issue of each country and it also includes the importance of mutual fishery agreement. Resources of fisheries could be used continuously under reasonable management. Each country should consider the stability and existence of fisheries in the international viewpoint. At this point of time, those should be considered such as adjustment of interests according to the division of sea areas, establishment of resource management system and insurance of fishery management, for the subject of fishery reorganization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.63-64
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• 2014

NIR(New Inspection Regime, hereinafter NIR) relating to the PSC(Port State Contorl, hereinafter PSC) has implemented in Asia-Pacific region under Tokyo-MOU from last January 2014. The most noticable difference between NIR and existing TF(Target Factor, hereinafter TF) is to evaluate company performance and to conduct PSC with flexible inspection interval on the basis of Ship Risk Profile; High Risk Ship, Standard Risk Ship and Low Risk Ship.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.353-365
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• 2014

Artificial islands, installations and structures have been used as a major means for ocean development and management since the early 20th century. The International legal regime to regulate the man-made offshore structures also have evolved and the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) acts as a basic international instrument for that purpose. Although the Convention includes more detailed provisions on man-made offshore structures, there are some legal issues regarding jurisdiction of coastal State on the man-made offshore structures in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) or on the Continental shelf. For this reason, this article begins by reviewing the 1958 Convention on the Continental shelf and the UNCLOS by focusing on the EEZ and the Continental shelf regime governing the man-made offshore structures. It next examines some controversial international legal issues that have emerged from the regulation of man-made offshore structures in the EEZ or on the Continental shelf. This is followed by a review of the Korean domestic laws regulating artificial islands, installations and structures in the EEZ or on the continental shelf. Finally, it closes by summarizing the findings of the above examinations, and suggests some recommendations for future works.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2001

This paper presented the analysis of stress regimes in and around inactive and active fault zones. The stress regime in the vicinity of an existing inactive fault zone is dependent on the orientation of the fault with respect to the current stress field and the contrast between the elastic properties of the faulted rock and those of the surrounding rock. In the analysis of stress regimes around an active fault zone, if the yielding stress is exceeded during loading, the localized shearing in a fault zone will result in weakness with mean stresses in the fault becoming lower than those in the surrounding rock. It can be expected that such stress gradients will induce fluid flow towards the faults zone.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 2021

Purpose: This study seeks to establish the environmental damage theory applicable to Kenya. The analysis is based on annual data drawn from World Bank on carbon dioxide emissions (CO2e) and gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) for Kenya spanning 1963 to 2017. Research Methodology: The study adopts explanatory research design and autoregressive distributed lag model for analysis. Results: The results revealed a coefficient of -0.017 for GDPPC and 0.004 for GDPPC squared indicating that economic growth has negative effect on CO2e in the initial stages of growth but positive effect in the high growth regime with the marginal effect being higher in the initial growth regime. The findings suggest a U-shaped relationship consistent with Brundtland Curve Hypothesis (BCH). Conclusions: The findings emphasize the need for sustainable development path that enables present generations to meet own needs without compromising the capacity of future generations to meet their own. Sustainable development may include, investment in renewable energies like wind, solar and adoption of energy efficient technologies in production and manufacturing. The study concludes that BCH is applicable to Kenya and that developing affordable and effective mechanisms to boost sustainable development implementation is necessary to decrease the anthropogenic impact in the environment without any attendant reduction in the economic growth.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.37-50
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• 2024

The agricultural policy of Kim Jong-un's regime inherits the economic reform policy of the Kim Jong-Il period, which expands the autonomy of production and allows the market to dispose of products. The formation of markets represents an important factor in the business environment, as it indicates the establishment of fundamental conditions for management. However, major crops are still mainly managed by the state, and the government implements agricultural policies, such as emphasizing "Juche Farming." This study analyzed the impact of transition economic policies during the Kim Jong-un period on agricultural production using variability. Production variabilities increased for minor grain crops compared to previous years, but those of major grain (rice and maize) and horticultural crops did not change significantly. Even the production quantity of horticultural crops decreased, which is different from previous predicts that the expansion of the North Korean market would increase the consumption power of North Koreans and promote horticultural crop production. This study underscores the imperative for North Korea to develop policies aimed at stabilizing crop yields in the face of production variability. It proposes the establishment of an agricultural early warning system as a feasible solution to enhance agricultural infrastructure and promote inter-Korean cooperation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2014

NIR(New Inspection Regime, hereinafter NIR) relating to the PSC(Port State Contorl, hereinafter PSC) has implemented in Asia-Pacific region under Tokyo-MOU from last January 2014. The most noticable difference between NIR and existing TF(Target Factor, hereinafter TF) is to evaluate company performance and to conduct PSC with flexible inspection interval on the basis of Ship Risk Profile; High Risk Ship, Standard Risk Ship and Low Risk Ship. Particularly deficiencies related to ISM Code, more than 5 deficiencies and detention record have a serious effect on the evaluation of Ship Risk Profile. Therefore ship and company are requested to ensure proper implementation of Safety Management System for the changed PSC tendency. Also RO(Recognized Organization, hereinafter RO) and Administration respectively should take suitable actions different to previous measures, such as implementation of cooperation and support system between vessel and company, changing subject and object for avoiding Mannerism in SMS audit, strengthening supervision on RO by Administration and establishment of private-public Partnership network.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.545-555
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• 2003

It is widely known that compare to many other countries, the U.S.A. has a strong framework for efficient implementation of mitigation policy to protect wetlands. As indicated in many strong mitigation initiatives, mitigation policy primary requires avoidance rule for wetland damage and if a developer inevitability damages wetlands, the development should be minimize, and as a last resort, the policy impose legal duty that a developer should compensate wetland corresponding to the damaged wetlands. However, the legal system fur Korea's mitigation system does not provide any legal duty for the compensatory mitigation, although the possibility of creation of tidal flat is casually expressed in several Korean legal systems. Therefore, without any strong and enforceable legal system, Korean mitigation system cannot efficiently protect Korea's vast and productive wetlands. To introduce mitigation policy similar to the U.S.A. in Korea, we suggest that there (a) should be a strongly policy which regulate legal duty for the compensatory mitigation, (b) should be an improve management system for actively corresponding to special knowledge relating to environment, and lastly, (c) should be a system which consider a class action introduced in environmental regime for a long term protection of tidal wetlands for future generation.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.83-88
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• 2008

Since the 1990's the fleet of the Dutch Railways showed a dramatic decrease in wheel tyre life. This lifetime reduction led to an unacceptable increase in life cycle costs. Therefore Lloyd's Register Rail has proposed to NedTrain to investigate the possibilities of improving the wheel tyre life. Three improvements were determined as most promising and relatively easy to achieve: - Profile optimisation for Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF) reduction - a new wheel profile has been developed with a better resistance against rolling contact fatigue of the wheel tread. The profile has been implemented on single deck intercity trains and shows an increase in wheel tyre life of 30%. - Selection of improved wheel tyre materials - combining information from literature and experiences of manufacturers five alternative wheel tyre materials have been selected and are now being tested in practice. - Optimisation of the maintenance strategy - an alternative, preventative maintenance regime has been developed. With this Scraping regime, during short term maintenance every wheel is reprofiled. Higher mileages are reached and savings on life cycle costs up to 50% and more have been achieved. Unplanned maintenance goes down with $30{\sim}60%$. The results from field tests, using a reference group for comparison, and preliminary results after implementation show that the increase in wheel tyre life that is achieved with this project is significant. The results will continue to be monitored using the asset management tool 'Wheel Watch', that was specially developed for this project and is also described in this paper.