• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was conducted to explore the relating factors with the delivery of low-birth-weight infants in Pyungtaek city. Methods : A questionnaire survey was obtained from 51 mothers with low-birth-weight babies and 90 mothers with full-term normal babies from April to October in 2001. Questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, dietary habits including alcohol. drugging, and smoking, past and present disease, prenatal risk factors and prenatal check-up, and complications related to labor and delivery. Results : 1. In the low-birth-weight infants group, father's education level and mother's height were significantly lower, and proportion of old age mothers was significantly higher than those of the normal infant group. 2. Mothers with low-birth-weight infants experienced more premature rupture of membrane, placenta previa, ecclampsia, and twin pregnancy than mothers with normal infants. Gestational period of mothers with low-birth-weight infants was significantly shorter than that of mothers with normal infants. 3. No differences were found in eating habit, alcohol and drug ingestion, smoking, exposing to dangerous materials in two groups, but both groups were highly exposed to indirect smoking, although mothers rarely smoke. Conclusion : The findings of this study indicate that high risk group such as less educated, or older mothers need more prenatal health assessment and support from public health services. Addition to determine the risk factors related to the delivery of low-birth-weight infants, public health nurses pay more attention and develop efficient management system for vulnerable women and infants.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.5755-5762
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• 2015

Background: Short-course preoperative radiation (SCRT) with delayed surgery was found to increase pathologic complete response (pCR) rates in several trials. However, there was no clear answer on whether SCRT or long-course chemo-radiotherapy (LCRT) is more effective. Therefore we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SCRT versus LCRT, both with delayed surgery, for treatment of rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: The literature was searched from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and clinicaltrials.gov up to November, 2014. Quality of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was evaluated according to the Cochrane's risk of bias tool of RCT. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to rate the level of evidence. Review Manager 5.3 was employed for statistical analysis. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Three RCTs, with a total of 357 rectal cancer patients, were included in this systematic review. Metaanalysis results demonstrated there were no significantly differences in sphincter preservation rate, local recurrence rate, grade 3~4 acute toxicity, R0 resection rate and downstaging rate. Compared with SCRT, LCRT was associated with significant increase in the pCR rate [RR=0.49, 95%CI (0.31, 0.78), P=0.003]. Conclusions: In terms of sphincter preservation rate, local recurrence rate, grade 3~4 acute toxicity, R0 resection rate and downstaging rate, SCRT with delayed surgery is as effective as LCRT with delayed surgery for management of rectal cancer. LCRT significantly increased pCR rate compared with SCRT. Due to risk of bias and imprecision, further multi-center large sample RCTs were needed to confirm this conclusion.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.778-790
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop Web-based multimedia contents for supporting student nurses' clinical practice on critical care, and to evaluate learners' responses. Methods: Based on the steps of Assessment, Design, Development, Implementation, & Evaluation(ADDIE) model, a total of 13 self-directed learning modules including live lectures and real video clips were developed through faculty collaboration of nine nursing colleges in Gwangju and Chonnam province. The finally developed multimedia contents were published on the Web of the learning management system at a local e-learning center. Results: The Web contents were evaluated after self-learning by 81 junior college nursing students who were encouraged to study it at their own pace during their two-week clinical practice at a medical or surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital and two hospitals. The knowledge (t = -27.66, p < .001) and self-evaluated clinical performance level(t = 7.54, p < .001) were significantly increased after learning of the Web contents and clinical practice, and satisfaction level that measured post-test only was 4.0 out of 5 point. Conclusion: The use of Web contents for critical care need to be extended as a complimentary material in a class room lecture or clinical practice of students to increase their self-learning ability and understandings of clinical knowledge and situation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.531-543
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• 2002

To assess the dietary therapy compliance of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients living in Daegu, we evaluated diet adequacy levels by index of nutritional quality (INQ), nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), mean adequacy ratio (MAR), and dietary variety score (DVS) with food exchange system and Korean recommended dietary allowances (KRDA). One day dietary intake was measured by 24 hour recall method for 229 subjects over 20 years of age. Average daily energy intake was 1444 kcal. The relative ratio of carbohydrate, protein and fat in terms of energy intake was 69.4：14.5：16.0. The nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for Vitamin A, B$_2$, calcium were lower than 0.5 and MAR was 0.65. It appeared that the consumption of each food group as compared to prescribed food exchange unit was insufficient, in the order of dairy group (10.2 $\pm$ 25.2%), fruits group (58.2 $\pm$ 71.2%) and oils & fats group (42.9 $\pm$ 42.0%). The dietary variety score (DVS) was evaluated as an useful tool for diabetes' meal management when we accept minimum intake as 0.3 of food exchange unit. We found significant correlation between food groups and anthropometric indices: cereals group and % total body fat (r = 0.251, p < 0.01), meat group and waist circumference (r = 0.241, p < 0.01), vegetables group and WHR(r = 0.139, p < 0.05), and oils poop and WHR(r = 0.165, p < 0.05). from these results, we concluded that overall status of dietary intake of NIDDM patients in Daegu area was insufficient not only in quality but also in quantity. It is suggested that nutrition education for NIDDM patients should stress on balanced food consumption to meet proscribed amount by six food group to improve the inadequacy of dietary status.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.379-384
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• 2013

해상교통관제센터(Vessel Traffic Service, VTS)에서 항해중인 선박의 효과적인 관리를 위해 선박에 영향을 주는 외력에 대한 평가가 필요하다. 해상교통 빅데이터는 크게 선박 제원 및 통항정보 등 선박에 의하여 수집되는 정보가 있으며, 다른 하나는 해역에 관련된 바람, 파고, 조류흐름의 외력정보가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 해상교통 빅데이터를 활용하여 선박에 영향을 주는 외력영향을 평가하는 방법에 대해 제안한다. 해상교통 빅데이터를 활용하기 위하여 바람, 파도, 조류 정보, 대수속력(Speed Over Water, SOW)에 대한 정보로 구성되는 해역외력코드(Waterway External Force Code)를 사용하였다. 해역외력코드를 데이터베이스로 하여 그 결과로서 선박에 작용하는 외력영향을 추정하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

Accurate knowledge of land use/land cover (LULC) features and their relative changes over upon the time are essential for sustainable urban management. Urban sprawl growth has been always also a worldwide concern that needs to carefully monitor particularly in a developing country where unplanned building constriction has been expanding at a high rate. Recently, remotely sensed imageries with a very high spatial/spectral resolution and state of the art machine learning approaches sent the urban classification and growth monitoring to a higher level. In this research, we classified the Quickbird satellite imagery by object-based image analysis of Dempster-Shafer (OBIA-DS) for the years of 2002 and 2015 at Karbala-Iraq. The real LULC changes including, residential sprawl expansion, amongst these years, were identified via change detection procedure. In accordance with extracted features of LULC and detected trend of urban pattern, the future LULC dynamic was simulated by using land transformation model (LTM) in geospatial information system (GIS) platform. Both classification and prediction stages were successfully validated using ground control points (GCPs) through accuracy assessment metric of Kappa coefficient that indicated 0.87 and 0.91 for 2002 and 2015 classification as well as 0.79 for prediction part. Detail results revealed a substantial growth in building over fifteen years that mostly replaced by agriculture and orchard field. The prediction scenario of LULC sprawl development for 2030 revealed a substantial decline in green and agriculture land as well as an extensive increment in build-up area especially at the countryside of the city without following the residential pattern standard. The proposed method helps urban decision-makers to identify the detail temporal-spatial growth pattern of highly populated cities like Karbala. Additionally, the results of this study can be considered as a probable future map in order to design enough future social services and amenities for the local inhabitants.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.882-889
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• 2012

This study has evaluated the trophic state in Daecheong Lake by Carlson (1977) method, Aizaki (1981) method, Yang and dickman (1993) method, and Korean trophic state index method. For estimating the trophic state index from each analysis method we use water quality factors such as COD, TN, TP, Chl-a, and SD provided by the water information system and the ministry of environment. The seasonal lake trophic state results denote the mesotrophic state lake from Carlson (1977) method, Aizaki (1981) method, and Korean trophic state index method and the high relation between Carlson (1977) method and Aizaki (1981) method with the coefficient of determination $R^2$ greater than 0.9 for all the seasons. Although Korean trophic index method has relatively weak relation to other methods with the coefficient of determination $R^2$ ranging from 0.419 to 0.701, we propose that Korean trophic index method is suitable for use in domestic lakes since Korean trophic index results show the similar periodicity and tendency with other method results. Hence, Korean trophic index method incorporating domestic lake characteristics is expected to can contribute to seasonal water quality management measures in lakes.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.311-317
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 낙동강수계에서의 수질 모니터링 자료를 이용하여 수질지수를 산정하고 생활환경기준과 비교를 통해 수질상태를 검토하였다. 수질지수는 환경부에서 현재 시행되고 있는 실시간수질지수(RWQI) 방법인 CCME-WQI을 사용하였으며 수질항목은 pH, DO, EC, 수온, TOC, T-N, T-P에 대해 7개 평가항목으로 선정하였다. 평가기간은 최근 3년간(2013년~2015년)으로 선정하였으며 해당 기간 내 측정된 수질 모니터링 자료를 이용하였다. 평가결과, 전 기간 평가 결과는 지수와 생활환경기준이 비슷한 경향을 보이나 월별 평가는 지수와 BOD, T-P 결과가 다르게 나타났다. 따라서 효율적인 하천관리를 위해서는 단일 수질항목만의 평가보다 복합적인 평가가 보다 필요할 것으로 신뢰성이 있는 것으로 검토되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.269-283
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 기상청에서 제공하는 RCP 기후변화시나리오를 이용하여 기후변화와 유역유출특성에 따른 환경영향을 평가하였다. SWAT모형을 이용한 미래 댐 유입량 평가, HEC-ResSim 모형을 이용한 댐 안전성 평가 및 하류 유황분석을 수행하였다. 또한, 기존 수질관측자료를 이용하여 Seasonal-Kendall Test를 통해 수질변화 추세에 대해 분석하였고, SWAT과 HEC-ResSim 모형으로 도출된 방류량 및 지류유출량을 Qual2E모형에 적용하여 미래 수질변화 추세에 대해 분석하였다. 다음과 같은 유역 통합환경검토 기법은 하천환경에 대한 과학적 물환경 관리 체계를 확보하고, 기후변화 등 새로운 환경문제에 선제적으로 대응하기 위한 지침을 마련할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제30권6_1호
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• pp.567-574
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• 2012

최근 영상감시시장은 공공부문과 민간보안부문 등에서 CCTV 수요확대로 큰 성장세를 보이고 있다. 공공부문과 민간보안부분에 CCTV의 활용은 확대되고 있으나, 재난 재해분야에 CCTV의 활용은 아직까지 미흡한 것이 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 재난 재해 상황 변화를 감시자의 눈으로 담아내는 CCTV의 역할을 재조명하여 상습적으로 내수침수가 발생하고 있는 강남역 일대를 중심으로 재난원인분석을 위한 사례분석을 수행하였다. 먼저, 강남역 일대의 주요 침수지점에 대한 CCTV영상자료를 수집하고 영상 분석 및 현장조사를 통해 강우발생에 따른 침수시간과 침수심을 산정하였다. 또한 과거침수이력과 AWS(Automatic Weather System)강우자료를 이용하여 강우분석을 수행하였다. 강우분석결과와 CCTV영상에서 추출한 침수시간과 침수심 정보의 비교분석을 통해 과거 침수이력을 바탕으로 한 강남역 침수발생 강우량과 대응방안을 제시하였다. 이 결과는 상습침수지역인 강남역의 침수피해를 상당히 절감할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.