• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.473-487
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• 2011

We attempted to define the sources of sodium intake for the Korean population at prepared dish level to provide a basis for developing sustainable nutrition policies and feasible programs for sodium intake reduction. Dietary intake data from 2008 and 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used in the analysis for sodium intake sources. Sodium intake from individual dish consumed by each subject was calculated and used in delineating major sodium sources at dish and dish group level for sub-populations of different sex and age. Also, sodium intake was compared between eaters and non-eaters of some specific dish groups with considerable contribution to total sodium intake. The number of subjects included in the analysis was 18,022 and mean sodium intake was 4,600 mg/capita/day. Major sources of sodium intake at dish group level were in the following order: kimchi (1125 mg, 24.5%), noodles (572 mg, 12.4%), soups (488 mg, 10.6%), stews (399 mg, 8.7%), and cooked rice (284 mg, 6.2%). The magnitude of contribution to total sodium intake by soups and stews was different by age group. Sodium intake difference between eaters and non-eaters was much larger for kimchi group (2,343 mg for male, 1,452 mg for female) than for soups or stews. Interaction between consumption of aforementioned specific dish groups and age was highly significant (p < 0.0005) for both sexes. This study revealed an importance of having not only the control over sodium content of foods/dishes, but also the customized approach for different groups of population to accomplish an appreciable reduction in sodium intake.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권49호
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• pp.267-297
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• 2017

본 연구는 아동 청소년을 대상으로 예술 감상 수업을 진행할 때 미셸 오슬로의 단편 애니메이션 <세 명의 발명가>를 교재 텍스트로 활용하기를 제안한다. 이 작품은 우선 이국적이고 환상적인 분위기, 아름다운 이미지, 흥미진진한 줄거리로 인해 학습자들의 호기심과 주의력은 물론 지적 욕구와 학습 동기를 유발할 수 있다. 오슬로는 이 작품을 제작하는데 있어서 오로지 종이 공예만 사용했는데, 이는 전통적인 민속 예술의 명맥을 이으면서 애니메이션의 역사에서는 여성 감독 로테 라이니거의 기술을 부활시킨 것이다. 이 작품은 여성과 아동 인물도 발명가로 설정함에 따라서, 성인 남성만 지식과 기술이라는 인간적 역량의 주체로 간주했던 근대의 인간상을 전복한다. 애니메이션의 상상력은 비트루비우스적 인간의 이미지로 표상되는 인간우월주의적 근대인을 넘어서 포스트휴먼을 생성시킨다. 포스트휴먼은 인간이 과학기술, 상상력, 윤리적 실천을 통해 다른 타인들뿐만 아니라 세계 안의 모든 생명체와 무생물 물질과 탈중심적인 평등한 관계를 맺을 수 있다는 것을 조건으로 한다. 이를 교수 학습하는 과정에서 예술뿐만 아니라 과학, 윤리, 사회 등 타 교과와의 통합 교육이 자연스럽게 이루어진다. 애니메이션의 감상은 이처럼 포스트휴먼이라는 첨단의 주제에 당면하여 통합 교과 수업을 수행하는 데 매우 적합한 교육적 방법이 될 수 있다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2006

본 연구는 위하수가 비만도에 따른 상관관계를 분석하여 오래 전부터 알려 지고 있는 여성일수록, 마른 체형일수록, 체중이 낮을수록 많다는 것을 현재 시점에서 비교 분석하고자 한다. 2006년도 성인병 건강 검진 대상자 중 부산시 내에 소재 하는 건강검진 시행 의료기관 1개 기관에 내원하는 성인병 건강 검진자 중에서 2006년 1월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 상부위장관조영술을 시행한 성인병 건강 검진자를 대상으로 하였으며, 이 기간 동안 조사된 위하수증 584예와 같은 기관 동안 위하수증이 없는 자 중 무작위로 남, 여 나이 별로 각 73명씩 584예를 선정하였다. 체형은 표준 체중표를 이용하였고 비만도 계산은 Broca식 계산법을 이용하였고 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 여자가 514명/584명, 남자는 70명/584명로 여자가 위하수가 많았다. 2. 위하수는 정상범위($90{\sim}109%$)에서 남(54.3%), 여(56.4%) 같이 가장 많은 것으로 나타났고 다음이 남자는 90% 미만이, 여자는 $110{\sim}119%$로 나타났다. 3. 위하수의 연령별 비만도 분포에서는 $50{\sim}59$세에서 남녀 동일하게 많았다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.23-31
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• 1978

Hyperthyroidism may be defined as those clinical conditions which result from an increase in the circulating levels of one or both thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism in broad sense could be classified with toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter on the basis of the circulating thyroid hormone levels. For this study, the subject included 94 cases with hyperthyroidism were presented in 77 with toxic diffuse goiter, 8 with toxic adenomatous goiter, and 9 with toxic multinodular goiter on the levels of $^{125}IT_3$ resin uptake rate and serum thyroxine ($T_4$). The observed results were as follows: 1) In the cases of hyperthyroidism including toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter, 20.21% of the patients were male and 79.79% female. The majority of the patients were in 2nd to 4th decades of their lives. 2) There were objective signs clearly manifested in hyperthyroidism including toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter which were rare in the multinodular goiter. The clinical signs in toxic diffuse and toxic adenomatous goiter included wide pulse pressure, tachycardia, systolic murmur, exophthalmos, tremor and warm skin etc. (Table 3.) 3) The most freauent complaints of the patients with hyperthyroidism were palpitation, weight loss, increased appetite, perspiration, heat intolerance, nervousness, exertional dyspnea, and menstrual disturbance etc. (Table 4.) There was no clear difference in the incidence of symptoms between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter, but there was clear difference between toxic multinodular goiter. 4) Considering of results of $^{125}IT_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ level in toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter and toxic multinodular goiter, $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate was $49.15{\pm}9.94%$ (mean) and serum $T_4\;21.29{\pm}7.04ug/dl$ (mean) in toxic diffuse goiter. In toxic multinodular goiter, $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate was $32.47{\pm}6.74%$ (mean) and serum $T_4$ level $11.03{\pm}5.0ug/dl$, and then there was clear difference in the results of $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic multinodular goiter. The levels of $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ in toxic adenomatous goiter were $40.32{\pm}13.08%$ (mean), $15.47{\pm}8.25ug/dl$ (mean) respectively, so there was no clear difference between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter. 5) There was no significant differnece in length and width performed with thyroid scanning in toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to compare the relative risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle aged adults with different body weights. 155 subjects living in urban Beijing were recruited from 24 neighborhood committees of urban Beijing. They were divided into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to their BMIs. The general information of the subjects was collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. Standard procedure was followed to measure subject's weight, height and waist. Biochemical parameters (total cholesterol (TC), low- and high­density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C ; HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and fasting glucose) and blood pressure were also determined. The results indicated that the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C of obese group was lower than that of the normal weight group. Fasting glucose of obese males was significantly higher than that of normal weight males. No significant difference of fasting glucose was found among female groups. No significant difference of TG was found among male groups, while TG of overweight and obese females was both significantly higher than normal weight females. There was no significant difference of TC and LDL-C among normal weight, overweight and obese groups in both males and females. The MS rate of obese males was significantly higher than the normal weight and overweight males, as was the female. The relative risk of MS in obese group was about 11 times higher (OR=11.249, $95\%CI$ = 3.812 - 33.191) than the normal weight group after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, drinking, family economic level and education status. It is concluded that obesity contributed to lower HDL-C, hypertriglyceride, hypertension and MS after controlling the effects of age, gender, socioeconomic status, alcohol drinking and smoking. Obese individuals have a higher risk of having MS than their normal weight counterparts.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2006

본 연구는 중학교 $\ulcorner$기술.가정$\lrcorner$ 교과의 식생활 단원 교육이 학생들의 영양 지식 식행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해, 서울시와 의정부시 일부 중학교 1학년 학생 총 509명을 대상으로 기술 가정 교과의 식생활 단원 교육을 실시하여 식생활 단원에 대한 선호도 및 인식을 조사하고 교육 전과 교육 후의 영양 지식 및 식행동 변화를 비교 분석하여 교육의 효과를 검토하였다. 본 연구결과 식생활 단원에 대한 인식은 대체로 긍정적으로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났으나 수업시수의 부족으로 인하여 많은 학생들이 수업 방식이 이론에 치우친다고 느끼고 있었다. 따라서 학생들의 인식 및 활용도를 높이기 위하여 실험 실습 등 실생활과 관련시키는 수업 모형의 연구 및 수업시수의 확대가 절실하게 요구된다고 하겠다. 중학교 기술 가정 교과의 식생활 단원 교육을 통하여 남학생이나 여학생 모두에게 교육 전에 비해 영양지식이 향상되고 일부 식습관에서 긍정적인 효과가 나타났다. 영양 지식의 증가에 비해 식습관의 향상이 매우 적게 나타났음 볼 때 습득된 영양 지식이 식태도의 변화를 가져오고, 나아가 올바른 식습관으로 정착이 되려면 지속적이고도 장기적으로 반복적인 영양 교육이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.76-91
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• 2007

The domestic market for scalp care and hair loss management reached 1 trillion won. The market for hair loss management is expected to expand further. Systematic scalp and hair care services, such as scalp scaling, scalp massage, equipment maintenance, scalp care products sale, and care program based on scalp and trichology are provided. This study examined the status of hair loss management and use of hair care products by people experiencing hair loss and the level of their satisfaction. In addition, this study presents basic data for the effective hair loss management and marketing strategies for scalp and hair loss clinics. The results are as follows. 41.2% of the study subjects were in their 20s, and 66.6% of the study subjects were women. As for the hair loss symptoms, 45.2%, the largest percentage, had thin and wispy hair and more women had thin hair than men. 80.0% of men had oily hair. As for the scalp condition, 39,3% had oily scalp. As more women experience hair loss, 39.6% had female pattern hair loss and 31.0% had male pattern hair loss. As the largest percentage of people experiencing hair loss was in their 20s, 33.4%, the largest percentage, had the onset of hair loss in their early 20s. 34.1%, the largest percentage, reported having used the clinic for less than 1 month. The older the subject, the longer the length of hair clinic use. As for the average number of monthly hair loss clinic visits, 28.2%, the largest percentage, said 3 times. As for the hair loss management product use, 61.9%, said they do not use it and 38.1% said they use it. 5.6%, the largest percentage, used Davines at home and 9.6%, the largest percentage, used Kerastase at the clinic. As for the experience of hair loss product previously, 84.5% said they had no experience and 15.5% said they had eThe following are related to the satisfaction level of hair loss management. xperience. 5.0%, the largest percentage, reported having used Daenggimeori. The following are related to the satisfaction level of hair loss management. 32.8%, the largest percentage, said the effect of hair loss management lasted less than 6 monthas. As for the satisfaction levels on hair loss management program, service, skill of the hair specialist, hygiene, and hair loss management products, most people indicated between average and somewhat satisfactory levels. As for the satisfaction level on the cost of hair loss management, most people indicated average satisfaction level. As for the element essential to hair loss management, 39.0%, the largest percentage, indicated development of effective and specialized programs, 28.2%, indicated low price, 25.1%, indicated systematic and professional education of the hair specialist, 4.6%, indicated marketing and promotion, 2.5%, indicated service quality, and 0.6% indicated others.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.890-897
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• 2006

이상의 연구를 종합해보면, 장시간 운동시 BCAA 투여는 BCAA 산화시 발생되는 암모니아 등의 피로물질 축적에 의해 운동수행에 부정적 영향을 미칠 수도 있으나, 체내 글루코스가 소진되어가는 시점에서 유용한 에너지원으로 기여 되어 운동수행에 도움이 될 수 있다고 보여진다. 또한 OKG나 알부민을 가중투여하면 크렙스 사이클의 중간물질로 또는 유리지방산 동원의 운반자로서 BCAA 단독 투여시 부정적으로 나타난 원인을 해결하여 운동수행에 긍정적 영향을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 운동과 BCAA, 그리고 내분비 체계와의 관계는 각 호르몬의 역할과 기능에 따라 도출되는 결론이 다를 수 있어, 앞으로 BCAA 대사와 관련된 효소반응 등에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다고 본다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2009

코골이와 수면무호흡증은 대부분 상기도의 인두부위의 폐쇄에 의해 발생되므로, 이 부위의 폐쇄를 방지하기 위해 혀나 하악을 전방으로 이동시키는 다양한 구강내 장치가 코골이 및 수면무호흡증의 치료에 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 세 종류의 코골이장치 즉, 하악전방이동장치(mandibular advancement appliance, MAA), 혀견인장치(tongue retaining appliance, TRA), 하악-혀전방이동장치(mandibular advancement-tongue retaining appliance, MATRA )가 구인두와 하인두 공간을 어떻게 변화시키는지를 비교하고자 하였다. Class I 교합을 갖고 코골이 및 수면무호흡증의 증상이 없으며 체질량지수 (BMI)가 정상인 남성 9명을 대상으로 상기 세종류의 코골이장치를 제작하였으며, 이때 MAA, MATRA의 하악전방이동량은 5mm로 TRA, MATRA의 혀전방이동량은 10-20mm로 설정하였다. 그리고, 코골이장치를 장착하지 않은 CO상태와 MAA, TRA, MATRA를 장착한 상태에서 측모두부 규격방사선사진을 촬영한 후, 구인두와 하인두 공간, 두경부 자세, 연구개와 설골의 위치와 관련된 20가지 측정항목에 대해 통계분석을 시행하였다. 분석결과 MAA, TRA, MATRA 모두 상부 구인두 공간을 유의성 있게 증가시켰으나, MATRA 만이 하부 구인두 공간을 유의성 있게 증가시켰다. 이러한 결과는 코골이와 수면무호흡증을 개선시키는데 있어 MATRA가 MAA와 TRA에 비해 효과적일 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2009

Purpose: The integrity of interproximal hard/soft tissue has been widely accepted as the key determinant for success or degree of root coverage following the connective tissue graft. However, we reason that the gingival biotype of an individual, defined as the distance from the interproximal papilla to gingiva margin, may be the key determinant that influence the extent of root coverage regardless of traditional classification of gingival recession. Hence, the present study was performed with an aim to verify that individual gingival scalloping pattern inherent from biotype influence the level of gingival margin following the connective tissue graft for root coverage. Methods: Test group consisted of 43 single-rooted teeth from 21 patients (5 male and 16 female patients, mean age: 36.6 years) with varying degrees of gingival recession requiring connective tissue graft; 20 teeth of Miller class I and 23 teeth of Miller class III gingival recession, respectively. The control group consisted of contralateral teeth which did not demonstrate apparent gingival recession, and thus not requiring root coverage. For a biotype determination, an imaginary line connecting two adjacent papillae of a test tooth was drawn. The distance from this line to gingival margin at mid-buccal point and this distance (P-M distance) was designated as "gingival biotype" for a given individual. The distance was measured at baseline and 3 to 6 months examinations postoperatively both in test and control groups. The differences in the distance between Miller class I and III were subject to statistical analysis by using Student.s t-test while those between the test and control groups within a given patient were by using paired t-test. Results: The P-M distance at 3 to 6 months postoperatively was not significantly different between Miller class I and Miller class III. It was not significantly different between the test and control group in a given patient, either, both in Miller class I and III. Conclusions: The amount of root coverage following the connective tissue graft was not dependent on Miller's classification, but rather was dependent on P-M distance, strongly implying that the gingival biotype of a given patient may play a critical impact on the level of gingival margin following connective tissue graft.