• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.156-168
• /
• 2017

The digital information society that developed along with the 21st century is the 'Open-source Making Movement' which produces collective intelligence through open-source sharing and digital manufacturing tools, which is called 'Makers Movement'. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the case of Makers Movement in furniture design through 'IKEA Hacking' which arose simultaneously with the Makers Movement, and to study and present the prospect and direction of furniture design in the change of manufacturing industry. In this study, four design features were compared with IKEA hacking cases along with the establishment of 'community' which is a feature of Makers Movement. Four characteristics are first customized design, second derivative design through open source, third long -Tail effect design, and fourth, design using digital manufacturing tools. The prospect and direction of furniture design through this study are as follows: first, democratization of furniture design manufacturing, second job creation, third, coexistence of large and small enterprises, fourth promotion of various new technologies, and fifth, discovery of various furniture designers through 'Open System Organization'.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
• /
• pp.380-383
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we propose a fuzzy group decision making method for multiple decision maker-multiple objective programming problems to obtain the agreeable solution. In the proposed method, considering the vague nature of human subjective judgement it is assumed that each of multiple decision makers has a fuzzy goal for each of his/her own objective functions. After eliciting the membership functions from the decision makers for their fuzzy goals, total M-Pareto optimal solution concept is defined in membership spaces in order to deal with multiple decision maker-multiple objective programming problems. For generating a candidate of the agreeable solution which is total M-Pareto optimal, the extended weighted minimax problem is formulated and solved for some weighting vector which is specified by the decision makers in their subjective manner, Given the total M-Pareto optimal solution, each of the derision makers must either be satisfied with the current values of the membership functions, or update his/her weighting vector, However, in general, it seems to be very difficult to find the agreeable solution with which all of the decision makers are satisfied perfectly because of the conflicts between their membership functions. In the proposed method, each of the decision makers is requested to estimate the degree of satisfaction for the candidate of the agreeable solution. Using the estimated values or satisfaction of each of the decision makers, the core concept is desnfied, which is a set of undominated candidates. The interactive algorithm is developed to obtain the agreeable solution which satisfies core conditions.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.21-21
• /
• 2011

Many Asian countries are suffered from various problems on water, which include the need for increased access to improves water supplies and sanitation through investments in infrastructure and capacity building, the balances water management system between development and ecosystem, and the need to reduce the human populations'vulnerability to water-related disasters, in particular, from climate variability and evolution. Decison makers are the most influential people in policy making and solving global water problems is central issue in eradicating poverty and achieving sustainable development (MDG). They across the world form an integral part of the architecture of national or regional governance. Their role covers a range of decision-making processes including passing legislation, scrutinizing government policy, and representing citizen through the election. We must ensure that these quiet but important issues get the political space, financial priority and public attention they deserve. Regional bodies such as the EU have also enacted legislation which introduces rules on water quality and other enforceable mattera across state boundaries. With this growing body of laws and policies on water issues, the role of decision makers is growing. Recognizing this role, decison makers' platform is essential to provide an opportunity to discuss crucial water issues in each country or region and for the purpose "2010 Parliaments for Water in Asia" has planned and organized to investigate our common issues and goals. During the meeting, we have an opportunity to observe water policy of Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Mongolia, New Zealand and the Philippines and share the views on what needs to be done to move forward by decision makers for the future of water. In conclusion, the process of developing the decision makers' platform in each region would be ultimately essential point to increase the awareness of the developed and developing countries' roles, knowledge to clarify roles and responsibilities of each stake holders and finally be a major actor for resolving not only water challenges also issues of human settlements.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.186-192
• /
• 2010

The present study classified the auto-parts makers into four groups according to their investment ownership. Four groups consist the one fully owned by Koreans, the one fully owned by foreigners, the one owned less than 100% but more than 50% by foreigners, lastly the one owned by less than or equal to 50% by foreigners. Among these, the auto-parts makers, 100% foreign ownership, have the highest Malmquist productivity index while 100% Korean-owned part-makers has the lowest productivity. In case of the 100% foreign ownership companies, the cause of Malmquist change, however, is attributed to the technical efficiency change. In particular, the pure technical change is the main source of the Malmquist change. This may indicate that the 100% foreign-owned companies have successfully transferred their production process technologies to the Korean plants. They are enjoying so called the "imitation-effect." 100% Korean-owned companies were not able to create the "imitationeffect" and therefore failed to close the gap with the foreign-owned companies in terms of the production efficiency. 100% Korean-owned auto-parts makers, however, outperformed the foreign-owned companies in the technological change. The outstanding technological change may indicate that Korean-owned part makers were able to narrow the gap with the foreign-owned companies in the area of engineering technological capabilities. The same results were also observed for 50% foreign-owned companies. Knowing that the core competence of the auto-parts makers lies on the engineering technological capabilities, the research found that the most desirable form of the foreign investment was 50% of foreign ownership.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 DACUM 직무 분석기법을 활용하여 특성화고 산학일체형 도제교육을 위한 금형제작원 직무를 분석하는 것이다. 연구의 내용은 금형제작원의 직무를 구성하는 임무와 수행 작업을 도출하여 순서를 매기기한 후, 수행 작업별 중요도, 난이도, 빈도를 정하고 산업체에 취업할 당시 수행할 수 있는 최소한의 작업을 구분하여 제시하는 것이다. 최종적으로 직무분석 결과를 토대로 산학일체형 도제학교의 금형제작원 DACUM 차트를 개발하였다. DACUM 직무 분석을 위한 DACUM 위원회는 Level-I 라이센스를 취득한 DACUM 분석가 1명, 5년 이상 경력을 가진 데이컴 위원 9명, 서기 1명, 실무자 1명으로 구성하여 직무분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 산학일체형 도제학교의 금형제작원이란 설계된 도면에 따라 원자재와 부자재를 사용하여 가공기계와 공구로써 금형을 사상, 가공, 조립하는 자로 정의하였다. 둘째, 금형제작원의 직무 영역은 12개의 임무(duties)와 86개의 수행 작업(tasks)이 도출되었다. 12개 임무(금형 설계 검토, 원자 부자재 입고 확인, 사출 금형 가공, 가공품 완성 여부 확인, 사출 금형 래핑 습합, 조립 시 사출, 프레스 금형 가공, 프레스 금형 사상 조립, 다이 스포팅, 금형 트라이 아웃, 품질 육성, 금형 출하) 중에서 가장 많은 수행 작업을 도출한 임무는 '프레스 금형 사상 조립'으로 9개의 수행 작업이 확인되었다. 셋째, 각 작업마다 중요도, 난이도 및 빈도를 정도에 따라 각각 높음(A), 보통(B), 낮음(C)으로 구분하고, 전문가들의 합의를 통해 입직 초기에 갖추어야 할 핵심 능력인지의 여부를 구분하였다. 넷째, 직무 분석 결과를 토대로 산학일체형 도제학교의 금형제작원 DACUM 직무분석 차트를 개발하였다. 또한 금형제작원 직무에 종사하면서 필요한 일반 지식과 능력, 사용되는 공구, 기계, 자재 및 소모품의 목록을 끌어내고, 금형제작원의 장래 직업의 전망과 특성을 제시하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.65-76
• /
• 2023

Given the limited water resources and the presence of multiple decision makers with different and usually conflicting objectives in the exploitation of water resources systems, especially dam's reservoirs; therefore, the decision to determine the optimal allocation of reservoir water among decision-makers and stakeholders is a difficult task. In this study, by combining a fuzzy VIKOR technique or fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (FMCDM) and the Young's bilateral bargaining model, a new method was developed to determine the optimal quantitative and qualitative water allocation of dam's reservoir water with the aim of increasing the utility of decision makers and stakeholders and reducing the conflicts among them. In this study, by identifying the stakeholders involved in the exploitation of the dam reservoir and determining their utility, the optimal points on trade-off curve with quantitative and qualitative objectives presented by Mojarabi et al. (2019) were ranked based on the quantitative and qualitative criteria, and economic, social and environmental factors using the fuzzy VIKOR technique. In the proposed method, the weights of the criteria were determined by each decision maker using the entropy method. The results of a fuzzy decision-making method demonstrated that the Young's bilateral bargaining model was developed to determine the point agreed between the decisions makers on the trade-off curve. In the proposed method, (a) the opinions of decision makers and stakeholders were considered according to different criteria in the exploitation of the dam reservoir, (b) because the decision makers considered the different factors in addition to quantitative and qualitative criteria, they were willing to participate in bargaining and reconsider their ideals, (c) due to the use of a fuzzy-logic based decision-making approach and considering different criteria, the utility of all decision makers was close to each other and the scope of bargaining became smaller, leading to an increase in the possibility of reaching an agreement in a shorter time period using game theory and (d) all qualitative judgments without considering explicitness of the decision makers were applied to the model using the fuzzy logic. The results of using the proposed method for the optimal exploitation of Iran's 15-Khordad dam reservoir over a 30-year period (1968-1997) showed the possibility of the agreement on the water allocation of the monthly total dissolved solids (TDS)=1,490 mg/L considering the different factors based on the opinions of decision makers and reducing conflicts among them.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.126-138
• /
• 2010

Marine equipment makers today face a multitude of challenges including the needs of an internal system for easy management of their business processes and a collaboration system to streamline communications with the parent company, increasing product complexity and heightened requirements for information technology. In this research, a BPM-ERP system called Biz $Tower^{(R)}$ was implemented based on cloud computing for especially, small and medium marine equipment makers to standardize and visualize the entire business process from order placement to release. This system also provides their parent company with visibility into the status of orders and user can easily access the system on the web at a low price through cloud computing service. Thus far, this paper demonstrates the applicability of Biz $Tower^{(R)}$ to improve management visibility, process performance, and collaboration with the parent company for small and medium marine equipment makers.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.73-89
• /
• 1990

The aim of the present study is to estimates the economic value of household work done by fulltime home makers, using alternative methods of valuation household work in Pusan Korea. Eight findings, five different methods -Self Estimation by Home Makers, Reservation Wage, Opportunity Cost, Individual function Cost, Replacement Cost(Visiting Housekeeper, Housekeeper, General Managemet, Housekeeper & General Management)- are tried for the estimation of economic value of household work. The results of this study can be outlined as follows : 1) The economic value of household work varies substantially by the methods of estimating. The averages are : 2) The economic value of household work varies with the level of education, ages, the number of children, the stage of FLC in all method of estimation, and the level of income in self estimation by home makers, Reservation wage. Specially, FLC revealed good explanation variable in method of estimation as input household work time. 3) The gap between two-day survey and three-day survey in household work time questionaire didn't so much.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.421-434
• /
• 2018

Decision-makers have different and sometimes conflicting goals with utilities in operating dam reservoirs. As repeated interactions exist between decision-makers in the long-term, and the utility of each decision-making organization is affected not only by its selected strategy, but also by other rivals' strategies; selecting and prioritizing optimum strategies from a decision maker's point of view are of great importance while interacting with others. In this paper, a model based on a fuzzy set theory, for determining the priority of decision-makers' strategies in optimal qualitative-quantitative operation management of dam reservoir is presented. The fuzzy priority matrix is developed via defining membership functions of a fuzzy set for each decision maker's strategies, so that all uncertainties are taken into account. This matrix includes priorities assigned to possible combination for other decision makers' strategies in bargaining with each player's viewpoint. Here, the 15-Khordad Dam located in the central part of Iran, suffering from low water quality, was studied in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the model. Then, the range of quality of water withdrawal agreed by all decision-makers was determined using the prioritization matrix based on fuzzy logic. The results showed that the model proposed in the study had high effectiveness model.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.271-284
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyse the EMG activity of selected muscles with balance taping treatment and blood fatigue makers which accumulated during exercise of progressive maximal intensity. Ten male college students who did not experience any cardiovascular and musculo-skeletal disease were participated in this study. Balance taping were applied to rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, semitendinous, semimembranous, and around knee joint. Isokinetic knee joint flexion/extension force, EMG activity, lactate and ammonia as blood fatigue makers during progressive maximal intensity exercise were measured for with/without applying balance taping. The results indicated that although flexion force of total work at $60^{\circ}/sec$ with taping was increased applied taping did not affect to the aerobic exercise ability parameters. Lactate level as blood fatigue makers during progressive maximal intensity exercise after taping was decreased but the ammonia level did not change with same treatment. In isokinetic knee joint test at the angular velocity of $60^{\circ}/sec$, $180^{\circ}/sec$, and $240^{\circ}/sec$ the taping treatment did not affect to any selected muscle EMG activities except maximal EMG of vastus lateralis at $240^{\circ}/sec$.