• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.106-116
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• 2016

MTO (Make to Order) is a manufacturing process in which manufacturing starts only after a customer's order is received. Manufacturing after receiving customer's orders means to start a pull-type supply chain operation because manufacturing is performed when demand is confirmed, i.e. being pulled by demand (The opposite business model is to manufacture products for stock MTS (Make to Stock), which is push-type production). There are also BTO (Build to Order) and ATO (Assemble To Order) in which assembly starts according to demand. Lean manufacturing by MTO is very efficient system. Nevertheless, the process industry, generally, which has a high fixed cost burden due to large-scale investment is suitable for mass production of small pieces or 'mass customization' defined recently. The process industry produces large quantities at one time because of the lack of manufacturing flexibility due to long time for model change or job change, and high loss during line-down (shutdown). As a result, it has a lot of inventory and costs are increased. In order to reduce the cost due to the characteristics of the process industry, which has a high fixed cost per hour, it operates a stock production system in which it is made and sold regardless of the order of the customer. Therefore, in a business environment where the external environment changes greatly, the inventory is not sold and it becomes obsolete. As a result, the company's costs increase, profits fall, and it make more difficult to survive in the competition. Based on the customer's order, we have built a new method for order system to meet the characteristics of the process industry by producing it as a high-profitable model. The design elements are designed by deriving the functions to satisfy the Y by collecting the internal and external VOC (voice of customer), and the design elements are verified through the conversion function. And the Y is satisfied through the pilot test verified and supplemented. By operating this make to order system, we have reduced bad inventories, lowered costs, and improved lead time in terms of delivery competitiveness. Make to order system in the process industry is effective for the display glass industry, for example, B and C groups which are non-flagship models, have confirmed that the line is down when there is no order, and A group which is flagship model, have confirmed stock production when there is no order.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.56-61
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• 1999

The purpose this study was to examine the actual condition and trends in changing the seating style in the house, focusing on the behavioral posture. The data was collected through the self-entry questionnaire designed for this study and the sample of 400 in total, 200 cases from Korea and 200 cases from Japav. The major findings were as the following : the seating style of Korean and japanese female university students were the floor-seating trends in the present conditiov. But they generally preferred the chair seating in the future. In the present seating style, the chair seating style has included bath, study, dinner, sleep, make-up, rest and family communication in that order by Korean Female university students ; the chair seating style has included sleep, study, dinner, make-up, bath, rest and family communication in that order by japanese. In the future seating style, the chair seating style has included study, make-up, dinner, sleep, bath, family communication and rest in that order by Korean ; the chair seating style sleep, study·make-up, dinner, family communication, rest and bath in that order by Japanese.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.55-66
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• 1997

This study is an indepth analysis of the environment surrounding the evolvement of western make-up culture, its transition during the twentieth century and its cultural characteristics with an aim to analyze people's aesthetic sense during the twentieth century and the western make-up culture which stands as the foremost important measure of its reflection. In order to accomplish this task, I have centered my studies on previous records, documents, articles, magazines, and pictorial data on art and motion pictures all of which involve the art of clothing and make-up. First, 'total fashion' make-up which seeks general harmony of color and figure in order to achieve unified beauty with other elements of beauty such as clothing is emphasized. Second, twentieth century make-up has expressed women's social status and value of each different time culture. Third, make-up has transformed its role from that of expressing only women's beauty to that of expressing resistance and opinion. Fourth, in the midst of material-centered societies spread due to high level of industrialization, development of highly functional make-up(biocosmetics) emerged as people became more conscious of nature and started to aggressively pursue protection.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.3 s.62
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• pp.497-513
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• 2006

The women selected by random sampling were classified into four groups by their body cathexis and Make-up attitude in order to investigate differences in Maslow Need and Make-up behavior. Cluster was classified into four groups: positive congruity(G1), positive incongruity(G2), negative congruity(G3), negative incongruity(G4). The result are as follows: Four groups showed meaningful difference each other between the peculiarity of need. That is, this thesis examined the strength of seven needs and found out that G1 group had the strongest needs in seven ones, comparing with four groups. Next, this thesis found out that G2 had the strongest ones in belonging need, self-respect need, and aesthetic need, and that G4 had the strongest ones in physiology need, self-realization need, and recognition need. So it showed somewhat a little difference among groups. G1>G2>G3>G4, in order, emphasized fashion, alignment, ostentation, and tool in Make-up behaviors, and customs, and G1>G2>G4>G3, in order, emphasized respective peculiarity.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.200-212
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to make the internet website on the order-made fashion design so as to do meet the need of netizen in the 21st century. It made the consumer do the design which he or she wants by the combination of the compositions that do select the pattern of the skirt design to fit his or her size and body shape. For the set-up of website, the elements of composition must be considered, and also the planning and design must be done fur the order-made fashion design. With the internet website, it's possible to do reach the below points; first, it can make the consumer do the design which he or she wants by himself or herself; second, it can provide him or her the information of measuring his or her body shape to buy the design pattern which he or she wants. Third, it can be contributed to make the brand more active by improving his or her satisfaction with the design and pattern which he or she wants. Also it can bring up the effects as fellows; first, lashing power of the design can be increased by the order-made fashion design to attract his or her interest, and also it can make him or her more satisfied. Second, the competitiveness can be strengthened by the differentiation of the fashion site between the existing design and the order-made fashion design. Third, the production of design can be higher and also its expense can be reduced even for the small and medium-sized clothes maker or merchants. Finally, it is able to enlarge the applicable field into the design of small articles, home fashion, and textile which they want to sell the differentiated and order-made products.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.879-892
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• 2021

In a make-to-order manufacturing environment, the manufacturer's quotation information is important information used as basic information for bidding, receiving orders, and producing products in response to various customer demands. This quotation information is changed according to various factors such as customer demands, changes in product production environment, changes in drawing information of technical partners, and technological improvement of products. Due to this change, various changes occur in the quotation information that the manufacturer is preparing to reflect the customer's requirements. The change of quotation information according to these various change factors puts a lot of burden on the quotation management work from the standpoint of a make-to-order manufacturing company. In particular, the change of quotation information due to the change factors of quotation is inevitable and frequently occurs due to the requirements of the customer in the customer-oriented make-to-order production environment. In this paper, we propose a quotation change process based on the quotation creation process and propose a consistent and efficient quotation change processing method. To this end, the factors causing the change of quotation were defined, and the types of changes for each factor were defined. And it shows the procedure of applying the quotation change process to the quotation management system through the cases of each cause of the quotation change. In addition, in order to show the usefulness of the quotation change factors, the type of quotation change, the quotation change process, and the quotation system management, the proposed quotation change process and function was applied in the integrated quotation management system for the ship engine division of a typical make-to-order manufacturing company 'H'. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed quotation change process and management system according to the quotation change factors were efficiently performed.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 2012

This paper considers a manufacturer with a two-station make-to-stock and make-to-order serial production system. The MTS facility produces a single type of component and provides components for the MTO facility that produces customized products. In addition to the internal demand from the MTO facility, the MTS facility faces demands from the spot market with the option of to accept or reject each incoming demand. This paper addresses a joint component inventory rationing and batch production control which maximizes the manufacturer's profit. Using the Markov decision process model, we investigate the structural properties of the optimal inventory rationing and batch production policy, and present two types of heuristics. We implement a numerical experiment to compare the performance of the optimal and heuristic policies and a simulation study to examine the impact of the stochastic process variability on the inventory rationing and batch production control.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.19
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• pp.389-409
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• 2010

Chinese is a topic-prominent language, so when we learn Chinese we should know the discourse function of the Chinese language. Most of the Korean student think Chinese sentences should appear in the order of S-V-O and they always make mistakes when they use Chinese. I think Korean is very similar with Chinese in the discourse function. Hence, in this paper, I try to find a method of teaching Chinese topic sentence. It does so by comparing Chinese with Korean in the light of discourse function. I think when Korean student know how to use Korean topic sentence to explain the discourse functions of the Chinese language, they will not make similar mistakes. With this understanding in mind, chapter 2 tries to show various topic sentences to prove that 'topic' is very important in Chinese sentences. This is why we say Chinese is a topic-prominent language. In chapter 3, I analysis the sentences that students made, and highlight the reasons why they made mistake. The result lies in the reason whereby they always think Chinese should appear in the order of S-V-O. They do not understand why some sentences appear in the order of O-(S)V or S-O-V. It show that they do not know what is topic sentence and do not know how to make topic sentences. Sometime I have them translate them into Korean, but they also make Korean sentences like in the order of Chinese S-V-O. Therefore, I think, under this circumstance, to let them to translate and to speak in Korean in topic sentence, get some feelings about Chinese topic sentences, and tell and make Chinese topic sentences are naturally critical in their training.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.5 s.153
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• pp.800-806
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the make-up behavior influenced by make-up preference images, and the order of importance in the make-up behaviors. The questionnaires were given to female residents in the ages between $20\sim45$ in Seoul and Kyung-gi province during October 2004. 322 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 10.0 software with various techniques such as ANOVA test, Duncan test and Paired t-test. The make-up behaviors were divided into three main categories: facial make-up behavior, color make-up behavior, and additional make-up behavior. The results showed that the skin care behavior was considered the most important among other make-up behaviors. Generally facial make-up was thought to be most important and color make-up, and additional make-up were followed orderly. The results of the make-up behavior differences by make-up preference image. The natural make-up preference image group considered all the make-up behavior less important than other make-up preference image groups. The modern make-up preference image group considered additional make-up behavior more important.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-125
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• 1991

This paper presents a framework for the hierarchical PPC(Production Planning and Control) in make-to-order environment with job shop. The characteristics of the environment are described as : 1) project with non-repetitive and individual production, 2) short delivery date, 3) process layout with large scales manufacturing. 4) job shops. The PPC in a make-to-order typically are organized along hierarchical fashions. A model is proposed for the hierarchical job shop scheduling based on new concepts of production system, work and worker organization. Then, a new integrated hierarchical framework is also developed for the PPC based on concepts of the proposed job shops scheduling model. Finally, the proposed framework has been implemented in the Electric Motor Manufacturing and the results showed good performance.