• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.75-76
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• 2024

The ovicidal effect of plant extract mixture (5%cinnamon extract + 10% citronella oil + 30% citrus oil + 10% derris extract + 20% neem extract + 25% penetrating surfactant) against several major insect pests was tested using the spraying method. In the case of stink bugs, eggs tended to die during hatching. When treated with a plant extract mixture (500-times solution), mortality for Halyomorpha halys, Riptortus clavatus, Eurydema dominulus, Trialeurodes vaprarorium, Bemisia tabaci, Spodoptera exigua, and Agrotis ipsilon reached as high as 100%. Therefore, it is believed that industrialization will be feasible in the future.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.77-80
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• 2004

For the development of the alternative control system against the major forest pests, Beauveria spp. F-101, isolated from a dead larva of Thecodiplosis japonensis, was selected because this isolate showed high pathogenicities against T. japonensis and Acantholyda parki. Beauveria spp. F-101 had irregular clustered conidio-phores and conidia borne on a distinctive apical zigzag extension, and it showed typical characteristic of the genus, Beauveria in morphology. For molecular based-identification, the ribosomal ITS region of Beauveria spp. F-101 was amplified with ITS1 and ITS4 primers, and cloned into pGEM- T Easy vector. The amplified PCR product was 569 bp in size and completely sequenced. The similarities of the cloned ITS sequence were 99 ％ and 97％ to those of B. bassiana and B. brongniartii, respectively. In comparison to other species among the genus Beauveria, the ITS region of Beauveria spp. F-101 showed a similarity of 95％ to B. amorpha, 95％ to B. tenella, 89％ to B. vermiconia and 69％ to B. alba, respectively. In addition, in comparison to different genus, it had 95％ similarities to Cordyceps militaris and 91％ to Paecilomyces tenuipes. Accordingly, the current result suggests that Beauveria spp. F-101 was a variant of B. bassiana and it seems to be a new isolate considering sequence variation in ITS region.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2005

Beauveria bassiana F-101, which has high toxicity toward Acantholyda parki as well as Thecodiplosis japonensis, was an isolate to develop an alternative control system against the major forest pests. Up to now, in B. bassiana, only one pr1 gene has been isolated and characterized. Therefore, we here reported the identification of a pr1-like gene, which would be a factor of toxicity from B. bassiana F-101. The oligonucleotides for the amplification of the pr1-like gene, were chosen based on the conserved regions of the subtilisin family enzymes, pr1 genes of B. bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, and proteinase K of Tritirachium album. The cloned PCR fragment had 1111 bp including 52 bp intron. The deduced Pr1-like peptide showed a low identity with Pr1s of entomopathogenic fungi such as B. bassiana Pr1 (BbPr1) and M. anisopliae Pr1 (MaPr1) as well as the proteinase K of T. album (TaPrK). Instead, the deduced peptide had a substantially high amino acid sequence identity $(>65\%)$ with the serine proteases of Magnaporthe grisea (MgSPM1) and Podospora anserina (PaPspA). These results, therefore, appear to suggest that the putative Pr1-like peptide of B. bassiana F-101 belongs to the subtilisin-like serine protease family and may be a novel gene.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 1992

The extensive cultivation of new yielding varieties might give some distruption to the rice insect pest complex in Korea The population of Nephottetix cincticeps and Laodelphax striatellus has decreased in number since the extensive cultivation of new varieties, Tongil lines, in 1976. During the last 23 years, the rice insect pest population except for Chilo suppressalis drastically decreased, however, C. suppressalis population increased again in recent years. This tendency seems to be very closely correlated with the cultivation of new varieties, and a lot of fertilizations and insecticides applications.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2015

Major diseases and insect pests in nursery season of strawberry were anthracnose, powdery mildew, Fusarium wilt, two-spotted spider mite, and aphids. Environmental-friendly and chemical application schedules can improve diseases and insect pests control with relatively fewer organic and chemical materials inputs compared with spray programs when it's occurred. Field experiments were performed in 2012 to 2013 according to calendar-based spray programs with environmental-friendly spray calendar (EFSC) and conventional chemical spray calendar (CSC) for controlling diseases and insect pests of strawberry plants cv, Seolhyang during the two nursery seasons. EFSC did reduce the incidence of diseases and insect pests as compared to the non-treated control. Incidence of anthracnose and powdery mildew by EFSC and CSC was similar in 2012 and 2013 seasons. In addition, occurrence of two-spotted spider mite in EFSC in 2013 was similar to those of CSC and was shown highly in early and mid-June both 2012 and 2013 seasons. Occurrence of aphid in EFSC was shown highly in early and mid-June both 2012 and 2013 seasons. These results suggest that EFSC program may be effective for controlling strawberry diseases and insect pests by using environmental-friendly organic materials.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2013

Tropical plants of mango(Mangefera indica), dragon fruit(Hylocereus undatus), and atemoya(Annona cherimola ${\times}$ A. squamosa) are cultivated in Jeju, Korea. A pest survey on those tropical fruits was conducted from 2008 to 2011. Major pests of Mango were thrips, aphid, mealybug, and lepidoptera species. Thrips palmi and Scirtothrips dorsalis were the most important pests in mango fields. T. palmi mainly injured the leaf but S. dorsalis injured the leaf and fruit. Lepidoptera mango pests injured leaves but some larva of Adoxophyes honmai injured fruit surface around the stem. Aphid pests, Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae, injured the shoots and Pseudococcus kraunhiae occurred on the stem and fruit. Ant species, A. gossypii, and S. litura, were important pests on dragon fruit. Ants and aphid occurred and injured the stem, flower, and fruit. Spodoptera litura larva severely injured the stem. Among the atemoya pests, S. litura and Homona magnanima caused severe damage.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.157-169
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• 2014

Between 2010 and 2012, diseases and insect pests of sweet persimmon were surveyed at sweet persimmon export complexes and non-export orchards in Suncheon, Jeonnam Province; Jinju, Changwon (Dongeup and Bukmyeon), and Gimhae, Gyeongnam Province; and Ulzu, Ulsan. The following diseases were found in the sweet persimmon orchards: angular leaf spot (Cercospora kaki), anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum acutatum), circular leaf spot (Mycosphaerella nawae), powdery mildew (Phyllactinia kakicola), and gray mold (Botrytis cinerea). Circular leaf spot was the most frequent and serious disease, and C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum were found on fruits. Thirty-three insect pest species that belonged to 32 genera of 20 families in 5 orders were found in the sweet persimmon orchards; the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, was also found in the surveyed orchards. Apolygus spinolae, Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli, and Adoxophyes orana were widely found in the surveyed orchards; Spodoptera litura and Homona magnanima were also recorded. Damage by insect pests was low, and the quarantine insect pests peach pyralid moth (Dichocrocis punctiferalis) and persimmon fruit moth (Stathmopoda masinissa) were rarely or not found in the sweet persimmon export complexes. In addition, other quarantine insect pests, such as persimmon false spider mite (Tenuipalpus zhizhilashviliae) and Japanese mealybug (Planococcus kraunhiae), were not detected. These quarantine insect pests were also not found in the sorting places, storage houses, and fruits for export; however, scale insects and two-spotted spider mites were found at a low rate. Although anthracnose (C. acutatum) infested fruit was found in the storage houses, only one in Jinju and Gimhae.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.137-140
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• 2017

Agricultural pests, diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and two-spotted spider mite (Teyranychus urticae), are becoming major pests in human dwellings in a variety of ways across the world. For management of these pests, the essential oils of Coriandrum sativum and Cinnamomum cassia prepared by steam distillation, hexane extraction and supercritical extraction methods were evaluated for the insecticidal effects. Using the contact bioassay, the $LD_{50}$ value of C. sativum oil by steam distillation extraction method was $30.59{\mu}g/cm^2$ against M. persicae adults. The $LD_{50}$ values of C. cassia oils prepared by steam distillation and hexane extraction methods were 5.96 and $4.64{\mu}g/cm^2$, respectively, against T. urticae adults, and $LD_{50}$ value of the essential oil by supercritical extraction method was $6.50{\mu}g/cm^2$ against M. persicae adults. This study showed that C. sativum and C. cassia oils could be an effective natural acaricide and insecticide against agricultural pests.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.256-265
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• 1995

The effect ground-cover weeds on the occurrence of apple pests and their natural enemies was studied in an apple orchard in Ahnsung, Kyung-gi do during seasons of 1993 and 1994. The major apple pests and their parasitoids and predators were surveyed on the apple tree canopy in tow experimental plots; a weed-free lot where all weeds were removed by herbicide treatment, and a mowed plot where weeds were allowed restrictly by cutting with an asickle. Also, a sweep net sampling was taken from ground-cover weeds in the mowed plot. There were no significant differences in the abundance of mite and aphids between two plots, although mite densities tend to be lower in the mowed plot. The apple leaf miner, Phyllonorycter ringoniella, was significantly fewer in the mowed plot,. The densities of natural enemies of mites and aphids were slightly higher in the mowed plot. The parasitism of apple leaf miner in the mowed plot was 6~10% and 20~25% higher than that in the weed-free plot in 1993 and 994, respectively. Several natural enemies such as Apanteles kuwayamai (Braconidae), Orius sauteri (Anthocoridae), Chrysopa sp. (Chrysopidae), coccinellidae, and Eulophidae were collected both from weeds and the apple trees, However, potential apple pests were not observed on weeds. The development of insect community on the apple tree canopy was restricted by the pesticide spray on apple trees, while the insect community on weeds was maintained without significant destruction by pesticides spray on apple trees. Consequentely, the ground-cover weeds under apple trees affected occurrences of apple pests and their natural enemies in apple trees. te specialist natural enemies such as apple leaf miner's parasitoids dispersed from weeds to the apple canopy and affected apple leaf miner density significantly. However, generalist predators that have preys available on weeds stayed on weeds, hence their control effects for mites and aphids on the apple canopy were low.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.45-56
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• 2009

Current status on the occurrence and the management of the major disease, insect and mite pests were investigated in the organic or non-chemical pest control orchards from 2005 to 2009. Numbers of certified organic or non-chemical apple orchards were increased from 14 in 2005 to 78 in 2008. Severe damages on leaves and fruits occurred by the several diseases such as marssonina blotch, bitter rot, white rot, sooty blotch and flyspeck, and the several insect pests such as apple leaf-curling aphid, woolly apple aphid, oriental fruit moth and peach fruit moth on the almost certified organic or non-chemical pest control orchards. About 10 and 18 environmental-friendly materials were used to control diseases and insect or mite pests respectively. But, lime sulfur and bordeaux mixture to diseases and machine oil, plant oil mixed with egg yolk, and pheromone mating disruptions to insect pests were effective to control under the adequate conditions. At present, it is extremely difficult to produce organic apples in Korea. Growers must consider about and solve so many conditions on the cultivar, weather, local site, marketing and so on, before when they decide to change from conventional or IPM(Integrated Pest Management) to organic or non-chemical pest control orchards.