• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.381-394
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an intentional rounding protocol to enhance the clinical competence of nursing students. Methods: An intentional rounding protocol for nursing students' clinical practice was developed following the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. A convenient sampling method was used to select 23 junior year university nursing students during their clinical practice in adult nursing. The program evaluation included a quantitative assessment (communication and relationship efficacy, empathy, and patient safety competency) and focus group interviews. Results: The intentional rounding protocol focused on the 4Ps (pain, position, potty, and possessions) and encompassed aspects such as level of consciousness, pain management, personal care needs, intravenous injection, oxygen administration, nasogastric/nasoenteric tube care, maintenance of urine collection bags, and the identification of environmental fall risks. Nursing students performed intentional rounding at least twice a day. Following the implementation of this protocol, nursing students demonstrated a significant improvement in communication and interpersonal efficacy. The focus group interviews revealed four main themes: growth of human relationships, acquiring knowledge in and about the clinical field, becoming a nurse, and barriers in reality. Conclusion: The intentional rounding protocol has the potential to enhance nursing students' communication and interpersonal skills during clinical practice and to provide them with positive experiences in nursing clinical education. Therefore, it is recommended that this protocol be incorporated into nursing clinical practice education.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.155-161
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• 2023

In this paper, we present a WebRTC-based emergency video call system structure that builds a service system in a constant monitoring environment to increase the usability and stability of elevator emergency call devices. The proposed system provides a smooth call environment between the emergency call system in the elevator and maintenance managers in case of an emergency, performs rapid response processing to elevator emergency calls through monitoring of the target elevator, and handles any emergency calls that may occur in the physical space of the elevator. The purpose is to build an environment that can implement low-latency, real-time video call services of voice and video by overcoming the physical constraints required for video calls. To this end, we have established a service environment based on OpenAPI, which is currently used in various fields and its performance has been proven, and provides video calls and emergency situation dissemination through rapid messaging by providing low-latency call quality. The presented system structure will be able to provide a basis for expanding various functions and constructing a reliable service environment and intelligent model for the elevator system through combination with the elevator control panel and various devices.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.595-603
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• 2024

In the construction industry, there has been a surge in the implementation of high-tech equipment in recent years. Various technologies are being considered as potential solutions for future construction projects. Building information modeling (BIM), which utilizes advanced equipment, is a promising solution among these technologies. The need for safety inspection has also increased with the aging structures. Nevertheless, traditional safety inspection technology falls short of meeting this demand as it heavily relies on the subjective opinions of workers. This inadequacy highlights the need for advancements in existing maintenance technology. Research on building safety inspection using 3D laser scanners has notably increased. Laser scanners that use light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can quickly and accurately acquire producing information, which can be realized through reverse engineering by modeling point cloud data. This study introduces an innovative evaluation system for building safety using a 3D laser scanner. The system was used to assess the safety of an existing three-story building by implementing a reverse engineering technique. The 3D digital data are obtained from the scanner to detect defects and deflections in and outside the building and to create an as-built BIM. Subsequently, the as-built structural model of the building was generated using the reverse engineering approach and used for structural analysis. The acquired information, including deformations and dimensions, is compared with the expected values to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 2024

An investigation into the detailed safety diagnosis report indicates that domestic highway bridges mainly suffer from defects, deterioration, and damage due to physical forces. In particular, deterioration is an inevitable damage that occurs due to various environmental and external factors over time. In particular, bridge deck is very vulnerable to cracks, which occur along with various types of damages such as rebar corrosion and surface delamination. Thus, this study evaluates a correlation between heterogeneous damage and deterioration environment and then identifies the main causes of such heterogeneous damage. After all, a bridge heterogeneous damage prediction model was developed using random forests to determine the top five factors contributing to the occurrence of the heterogeneous damage. The results of the study would serve as a basic data for estimating bridge maintenance and budget.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.42.1-42.20
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• 2021

Eosinophils play critical roles in the maintenance of homeostasis in innate and adaptive immunity. Although primarily known for their roles in parasitic infections and the development of Th2 cell responses, eosinophils also play complex roles in other immune responses ranging from anti-inflammation to defense against viral and bacterial infections. However, the contributions of pattern recognition receptors in general, and NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in particular, to eosinophil involvement in these immune responses remain relatively underappreciated. Our in vivo studies demonstrated that NLRC4 deficient mice had a decreased number of eosinophils and impaired Th2 responses after induction of an allergic airway disease model. Our in vitro data, utilizing human eosinophilic EoL-1 cells, suggested that TLR2 induction markedly induced pro-inflammatory responses and inflammasome forming NLRC4 and NLRP3. Moreover, activation by their specific ligands resulted in caspase-1 cleavage and mature IL-1β secretion. Interestingly, Th2 responses such as secretion of IL-5 and IL-13 decreased after transfection of EoL-1 cells with short interfering RNAs targeting human NLRC4. Specific induction of NLRC4 with PAM3CSK4 and flagellin upregulated the expression of IL-5 receptor and expression of Fc epsilon receptors (FcεR1α, FcεR2). Strikingly, activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome also promoted expression of the costimulatory receptor CD80 as well as expression of immunoregulatory receptors PD-L1 and Siglec-8. Concomitant with NLRC4 upregulation, we found an increase in expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, but not MMP-2. Collectively, our results present new potential roles of NLRC4 in mediating a variety of eosinopilic functions.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.23.1-23.16
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• 2021

Chemokines are key factors that influence the migration and maintenance of relevant immune cells into an infected tissue or a tumor microenvironment. Therefore, it is believed that the controlled administration of chemokines in the tumor microenvironment may be an effective immunotherapy against cancer. Previous studies have shown that CCL3, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, facilitates the recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) for the presentation of tumor Ags and promotes T cell activation. Here, we investigated the role of CCL3 in regulating the tumor microenvironment using a syngeneic mouse tumor model. We observed that MC38 tumors overexpressing CCL3 (CCL3-OE) showed rapid regression compared with the wild type MC38 tumors. Additionally, these CCL3-OE tumors showed an increase in the proliferative and functional tumor-infiltrating T cells. Furthermore, PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade accelerated tumor regression in the CCL3-OE tumor microenvironment. Next, we generated a modified CCL3 protein for pre-clinical use by fusing recombinant CCL3 (rCCL3) with a non-cytolytic hybrid Fc (HyFc). Administering a controlled dose of rCCL3-HyFc via subcutaneous injections near tumors was effective in tumor regression and improved survival along with activated myeloid cells and augmented T cell responses. Furthermore, combination therapy of rCCL3-HyFc with PD-1 blockade exhibited prominent effect to tumor regression. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that appropriate concentrations of CCL3 in the tumor microenvironment would be an effective adjuvant to promote anti-tumor immune responses, and suggest that administering a long-lasting form of CCL3 in combination with PD-1 blockers can have clinical applications in cancer immunotherapy.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.99-110
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• 2024

According to the REDD+ program, it is necessary to monitor, quantify, and report forest conditions in protected land areas. The objectives of this work were to quantify the average monthly aerial net primary productivity (ANPP_MONTH) of semi-arid Chaco Forest at Copo National Park (CNP), Santiago del Estero, Argentina, during the period 2000-2023, as well as its spatial distribution and relationship, and its use efficiency (RUE) of average monthly rainfall (AMR). The ANPP_MONTH model accounted for 90% of the seasonal variability from October to May, the average seasonal ANPP_MONTH was 145 tons of dry matter per hectare (t dm/ha), being the maximum in January with 192 t dm/ha and the minimum in May with 91 t dm/ha. The surface area covered by ANPP_MONTH exhibited a consistent positive trend from October to May (t test=15.65, p<0.01). Strong and significant direct relationships were found between ANPP_MONTH and AMRs, linear models explaining 90% and 96% of the variability, respectively. The results obtained become reference values for assessing the capacity of the forest systems to stock carbon for global warming mitigation and for monitoring and controlling their response to extreme climatic adversities. The average ANPP_MONTH reduces uncertainty when defining the thresholds to monitor and quantify ANPP and forest area, thus facilitating the detection of negative changes in land use in CNP. Such results evidence the National Parks Administration's high effectiveness for the maintenance of protected area and for the high ANPP of the FCHS of CNP in the period 2000-2023.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2024

Background: Although an understanding of the proliferation and differentiation of fish female germline stem cells (GSCs) is very important, an appropriate threedimensional (3D) research model to study them is not well established. As a part of the development of stable 3D culture system for fish female GSCs, we conducted this study to establish a 3D aggregate culture system of ovarian cells in marine medaka, Oryzias dancena. Methods: Ovarian cells were separated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and two different cell populations were cultured in suspension to form ovarian cell aggregates to find suitable cell populations for its formation. Ovarian cell aggregates formed from different cell populations were evaluated by histology and gene expression analyses. To evaluate the media supplements, ovarian cell aggregate culture was performed under different media conditions, and the morphology, viability, size, gene expression, histology, and E2 secretion of ovarian cell aggregates were analyzed. Results: Ovarian cell aggregates were able to be formed well under specific culture conditions that used ultra-low attachment 96 well plate, complete mESM2, and the cell populations from top to 50% layers after separation of ovarian cells. Moreover, they were able to maintain minimal ovarian function such as germ cell maintenance and E2 synthesis for a short period. Conclusions: We established basic conditions for the culture of O. dancena ovarian cell aggregates. Additional efforts will be required to further optimize the culture conditions so that the ovarian cell aggregates can retain the improved ovarian functions for a longer period of time.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.67-75
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• 2024

Frequently changeable functional requirements in System Management CSCI Software make it difficult to reuse an overall application, but only the partial class codes repeatedly as a new version of Naval Combat Management System is developed. This structural environment leads to increasing development time and expenses. This is why modularization for System Management CSCI Software is proposed as a solution, leveraging the advantages of proper standardization and functional expandability offered by Standard Interface Architecture. This paper outlines the comparisons of modified class ratios as well as software reliability test runtime results between before and after implementing the modularization for System Management CSCI Software. The findings demonstrate there is sufficient improvement in areas, such as higher maintenance and reusability, supporting the application of modularization for System Management CSCI Software with the implementation of Standard Interface Architecture.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.30-39
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• 2024

This study introduces a novel approach for identifying potential failure risks in missile manufacturing by leveraging Quality Inspection Management (QIM) data to address the challenges presented by a dataset comprising 666 variables and data imbalances. The utilization of the SMOTE for data augmentation and Lasso Regression for dimensionality reduction, followed by the application of a Random Forest model, results in a 99.40% accuracy rate in classifying missiles with a high likelihood of failure. Such measures enable the preemptive identification of missiles at a heightened risk of failure, thereby mitigating the risk of field failures and enhancing missile life. The integration of Lasso Regression and Random Forest is employed to pinpoint critical variables and test items that significantly impact failure, with a particular emphasis on variables related to performance and connection resistance. Moreover, the research highlights the potential for broadening the scope of data-driven decision-making within quality control systems, including the refinement of maintenance strategies and the adjustment of control limits for essential test items.