• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.41-51
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• 1999

Trade between Korea and China was 372million dollars accounting for 1.56% of total in 1988 and has been increased to 23,689 million dollars occupying 7% in 1997, which implies 32.2% increase on average per year. This trend will continue dramatically and consistently as China's open policy toward the world accelerates and korean companies advance into chinese market. The main trade routes are with marine transportation between korean west sea area and chinese San-Dong peninsula around east sea. However, due to the increasing traffic congestion on main roads connecting harbors and main consumer cities and capacity problem in west sea harbor areas, the logistics cost have been increased resulting in losing competitiveness of freight trade. Therefore, these road-oriented inland transportation means need to be changed to rail transport system to reduce congestion and to conserve natural environment. To achieve this scheme, efficient intermodal transportation system connecting road and rail should be constructed. These combined system will ensure timely delivery of goods and consequently the customers would make proper transportation schedule for the import/export goods in advance. Especially, combined transportation of Railroad and train ferry would cope with the logistics problem and this system would be efficient means for trade with not only China but further with many adjacent countries in central asia such as Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.343-351
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• 2018

Renewable energy sources has drawn considerable attention as clean energy sources because of changing public attitudes regarding greenhouse gas and fine dust. Recently, in this respect, the government provides the drivers of electric vehicles with various benefits such as tax reduction, financial incentives and free parking from the public to the private sector. Plug-in electric vehicles are the most common in the private sector. Otherwise, different types of battery-based buses in the public sector are being developed, and there are three main types of charging: plug-in, battery swapping and wireless. Therefore, economic assessment of charging types in each bus route is required in order to facilitate the use of battery-based buses instead of the existing CNG buses. In this paper, net present value(NPV) and B/C ratio of charging types are evaluated in consideration of the bus schedule, the cost of charging station, and the life cycle of battery, etc. per each bus route. In case study, main bus routes in Daegu City are simulated with the proposed evaluation method to validate the eco-bus project.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.40-50
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• 2015

This study deals with transfer passengers in hub airports. The research objective is to derive measures for transfer passenger quantity enhancement at Incheon International Airport by applying Analytic Hierarchy Process. In pursuing the above objective, this study conducted a survey to evaluate various selection criteria for choosing transfer airports and ranked attributes in weight order with Analytic Hierarchy Process. Furthermore, based on the trend analysis of Incheon International Airport's transfer passenger movement, this paper analysed main transit routes of Incheon International Airports against competitor airports among the region. The main result found from the study is flight frequency, ticket price and connecting hour were the most important 3 factors when people choose transit airports. Therefore, it is recommended government, airport authority and airlines to cooperate closely to meet the transfer passengers' needs on frequency, price and transit hour of flights.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.323-335
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• 2001

Distribution features of foulers attached on 28 ships of 6 main shipping routes (SR) of the Far East Sea Basin were analyzed using various statistical methods. Collections obtained during 1976-1990 in the expeditions by the Institute of Marine Biology were used for the analyses. Samples were taken from the ships during anchorage by SCUBA diving and from dry-docks of Vladivostok ship-repairing yard. In all cases, the distribution patterns of most animals and algal species showed clear contagious patterns. Total biomass of fouling organisms and biomass of attached animals frequently increased along the horizontal direction of ship hulls, from the stem to the sternpost. Animal and algal species were usually located at different sites of the hulls. According to the increasing floating speed, there was, a clear tendency of the displacement in main fouling biomass from the stem to the stem. Any generalizations and deductions concerning the distribution patterns of the foulers from the same SR ships are not always substantiated, but one may see some similarities of the fouler distributions in many cases. Micro-scale turbulence generated by water flow around a ship hull for the distribution of fouling organisms is discussed.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.657-665
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• 2008

The main transportation mode of long distance inter-city passenger trips is high-speed rail and the modal share of transportation has been changed profoundly since the KTX service has been started in the Kyung-Bu railroad transportation corridor in the day of 1 April, 2004. After an opening of KTX service in the second stage Kyung-Bu and Ho-Nam railroad transportation corridors, a capacity of incumbent railroads will be increased and operational environments of freight train will be improved. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of KTX service operation on the national logistics thoroughly. This paper establishes a deceptive scheme in the national railroad logistic transportation and a route operational strategy between the main origins and destinations efficiently considering the changes of the current freight transportation system in the future. We expect to achieve efficiency of logistic transportation in this paper through alternative routes for example Ho-Nam, Chang-Hang, Seo-Hae line.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.63-72
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• 2010

The vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pick-up and delivery (VRPSPD) is a variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) that customers require simultaneously a pick-up and delivery service. The main objective of VRPSPD is to minimize a cost of routes satisfying many constraints. Traditional VRPSPD have been dealt with a static environment. The static environment means that a routing data and plan cannot be changed. For example, it is difficult to change a vehicle's routing plan so that a vehicle serves the pick-up demands of new customers during the delivery service. Therefore, traditional approach is not suitable for dynamic environments. To solve this problem, we propose a novel approach for finding efficient routes using a real-time re-routing heuristics based on the Location Based Service (LBS). Our re-routing heuristics can generate a new route for vehicle that satisfies a new customer's demand considering the current geographic location of a vehicle. Experimental results show that our methodology can reduce the traveling cost of vehicles comparing with other previous methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.145-158
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• 2015

A network connectivity has been regarded as a key element to strengthen a business competitive power in the aviation industry, so many airport authorities try to attract the new airlines and scheme out new air routes. With this trend, a study for an induced travel demand estimation methodology is needed. This study introduces a demand estimation method, especially for a new air route to a promising destination. With the results of previous studies, the derived demand is classified into four types - Local, Beyond, Behind and Bridge. The explanatory variables are established for each type of demand and the main independent variables are composed of distance, ratio of detour, and relative capacity compared with other airports. The equations using such variables and statistically significant coefficients are suggested as the model to make an estimation of derived demand for a new route. Therefore this study will be expected to take an initial step for all related parties to be involved more deeply into developing new air routes to enhance network connectivity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.19-27
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• 2008

Ecosystem fragmentation by human intervention breaks down the biosphere habitat. Wildlife corridors connect biosphere habitats to maintain ecosystem continuity and provide animals with connecting routes. In Korea, there are 17 existing wildlife corridors on highways (as of December, 2006. Korea Freeway Corporation). There are 24 highway routes, 2,923km of highway(as of December, 2004. Korea Freeway Corporation). However, wildlife corridors are not enough and roadkill increases every year, so we need to construct additional wildlife corridors on highways. This study proposes a new approach to the location of wildlife corridors on highways, using a comprehensive analysis method for main location elements, and applies it to a study area. First, it examines traditional approaches to location of wildlife corridors through literature review and field study to analyze the present conditions of existing wildlife corridors. Then, it developes a comprehensive analysis method for the location of wildlife corridors. (1) Field investigation : investigate planting, water bodies and so on. (2) Roadkill analysis : roadkill counts, locations, time, and so on. (3) Monitoring : animal traces were surveyed and sensor cameras were installed to determine target species. (4) Simulation for animal movement : most probable wildlife dispersal was simulated by a computer software. (5) A new comprehensive approach overlays all analysis on a map and determines the location of proposed new wildlife corridors. In conclusion, it proposes an over-bridge type wildlife corridor in Dalnaenae Hill (413-414km from Busan) and an underpass type near the entrance to Gwanhyun temple way (415-416km from Busan). This new approach based on roadkill data, computer simulation of wildlife dispersal, monitoring of animals, and site analysis, may contribute to better location of wildlife corridors on highways.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2012

The major trade area of the South Korea is divided into Asia, America and Europe. Generally, marine transportation is the main method of mass cargo transportation, but unlike others, rail transportation is available in the Europe area. Also, as a result of China's growth, South Korea's position as northeast Asia logistics hub has weakened. That is the reason why we need to pay attention to rail transportation, an alternative competitive structure. In accordance with this background, this study focuses on analyzing economic feasibility comparing transportation routes to Europe using Trans-Korea Railway and Trans-Siberia Railway. Factors of analysis are transportation distance, period, cost and additional cost As the result, considering economic feasibility, TKR-TSR route(Route1) is the best transportation approach for six routes. Therefore, using TKR-TSR railway will be the best way to increase nation's competitiveness, in response to Russia government's far-east development strategy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.76-84
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• 2013

The main objective of study was to determine the optimum level of bus service by bus route types for the effective improvement of bus route operating in semi-public transportation management. In pursuing the above, this study proposed to classify by bus route types based on publicity, profitability and potentiality. Using this methods of the classification, 113 bus routes in Busan were classified into bus routes of 8 types. And this study proposed desirable management of bus route operation according to 8 bus route types considering 9 bus operating characteristics such as bus route distance, operating number, state of passing through the CBD and so on. For proposing the desirable management, it was to do a statistical analysis of PCA(Principal Components Analysis) and to abbreviate 9 variables to 3. And it was drawn a conclusion effectively by making comparison between 8 bus rout types and 3 bus operating characteristics.