• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.2339-2358
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• 2022

The review discusses various alternative approaches for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) reprocessing in aqueous carbonate media. The main stages, schemes, and methods of the most well-known and well-described processes for reprocessing SNF and some high-level radioactive waste using carbonate systems developed by research groups in Japan, the United States of America, the Republic of Korea, and the Russian Federation described and compared. The main advantages of such methods are outlined compared to the SNF reprocessing in nitric acid media. The levels of development and proximity of the designed processes to the industrial implementation are shown. The main principle achievements, prospects, and routes for the refinement of such methods for the technology of SNF reprocessing and handling of high-level radioactive waste formulated.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.135-140
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• 1998

High oxygen pressures appear an important tool in Solid State Chemistry. Two main routes can be developed: (i) the stabilization of thermally unstable oxides, used as precursors, in order to open the synthesis of new materials, (ii) the stabilization of the highest oxidation states of transition metals. This paper is essentially devoted to this second research axis. The methodology developed for preparing new oxides containing Fe(Ⅴ), Ir(Ⅵ), high spin Fe(Ⅳ) and Cu(Ⅲ) is described.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.6 s.84
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• pp.55-67
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• 2005

There are 24 airways in Incehon IFR, including 11 domestic routes and 13 international routes. The airways designated by ministry of Transportation and Construction are the routes for aircraft to fly being serviced by air traffic control system for flight safety. This study reviewed safety situation of existing permanent airways within Incheon IFR and temporary airways connecting North and South Korea. The study tried to identify the problems related to airway operation and to suggest solutions to the questionable area. The main findings are as follows: It is necessary to improve the existing normal airway systems and enlargement of the route. The airway A593 has to be upgraded to normal route. The temporary airways established to connect Seoul and Pyongyang also needs to be upgraded by air traffic control transfer agreement between two Koreas.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.17-24
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an Entropy-based Routing Protocol using Mobility (ERPM) for supporting ubiquitous convergence services efficiently in mobile ad-hoc wireless networks. The main features that the ERPM introduces to obtain the goals can be summarized as follows. First, ERPM can construct stable routing routes based on the entropy concepts using mobility of nodes. Second, ERPM can quantitatively evaluate the stability of route by entropy concepts using mobility of nodes. Third, ERPM can select the most stable route in the view points of mobility of routes between a source node and a destination node, where multiple paths are available. The performance evaluation of the proposed ERPM performed via simulation using OPNET and analysis shows that the ERPM can support the construction of stable routing routes and increase the transmission ratio of data efficiently.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.25-34
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• 2011

In this paper, In this paper, we propose a Cooperative Routing Protocol (CooRP) for supporting network convergence and transmission services efficiently in mobile ad-hoc wireless sensor networks with Rayleigh fading environments. The main contributions and features of this paper are as follows. First, the routing routes are decided on route stability based on entropy concepts using mobility of nodes within the direction guided line region to increase the operational lifetime of routes as well as reduce control overhead for route construction. Second, a cooperative data transmission strategy based on the constructed stable routing route is used to increase packet delivery ratio with advanced SNR. Third, a theoretical analysis for cooperative data transmission of the proposed CooRP with outage probability is presented. The performance evaluation of the proposed CooRP is performed via simulation using OPNET and analysis. The results of performance evaluation show that the proposed CooRP by using stable routing routes and cooperative transmission can increase packet delivery ratio efficiently.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.3-10
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• 2019

The purpose of the study is to survey the effective methodology of composition and connection for the third pedestrian routes in mixed-use building by case studies. The study is performed as follows: First of all, pedestrian routes are classified into malling route, evacuation route, and the Third route. Secondly, case studies are conducted based on the classification. Thirdly, it is investigated about the composition and connection of the malling and the Third pedestrian route. The investigation is focused on gate, path, central area, vertical circulation(EV and escalator) and the four circulation elements. Finally, the effective methodology is extracted for setting the Third route in mixed-use buildings. The conclusion of the study is as follows: The enhancement of consistency and connection between the main route and the Third route is important for providing convenient paths especially to users who needs shortcut, EV/ES users. Additionally, the connections between EV and gate, between shortcut and EV/ES should be increased to enable users choosing their path as needed.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.39-54
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• 2021

This study comprehensively reviews the research conducted until recently in order to derive realistic alternatives in consideration of local industries. The case analysis was performed on a competitive port of similar size, and strategies and revitalization measures were suggested in consideration of the conditions of Gunsan Port. Literature review focused on papers and major reports. The case of similar size were analyzed for Daesan port, Boryeong port, and Mokpo port. In order to find strategies to revitalize the regional port logistics industry behind Gunsan Port, the recent opportunities and threat factors of Gunsan Port were derived. In order to foster the regional port logistics industry with Gunsan Port as its main base, this study proposes a three-step development strategy. It is necessary to increase the effectiveness of the public-private joint port sales and maintain the incentive system, but use it as a means to strengthen the competitiveness of Gunsan Port. Since the possibility of opening various routes is not high due to the conditions of Gunsan Port, various business models can be devised to link the currently opened routes. Start-up in the logistics field can stand out if they provide predictive data or provide consulting services by securing and analyzing logistics data, not directly providing logistics services.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to propose the principle and method of the spatial system modification for the compatibility of habitability and tourism convenience in cultural property villages. Based on the field survey on tourists' routes, activities and their durations in Oeam-maeul, the problems of conflict, between habitability/residents and tourism/tourists, and their causes are analyzed. And the modification principle and method of spatial system is proposed as follows; The basic principle of the spatial system modification is to respect the traditional hierarchy in village roads, between the main road and sub-roads, and the territoriality of settlement space that is typically differentiated as the social, individual, and ceremonial domains, from the front to rear part of settlement. With this principle, it is recommended to restrict the tour route to one that is composed of the main road and the periphery road of housing area, and some connecting sub-roads. based on the surveyed tourists's routes. And it is suggested that the tourist facilities, whether they are existing houses or newly built buildings, and the tourist programs are necessary for experience tourism to cultural property villages, and they are proposed to be placed along the restricted tour route.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.247-254
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• 2017

The meridian theory(經絡學說) is one of the important Korean medical theories distinguishing it from western medicine. The meridian theory(經絡學說) can be divided broadly into meridians(經脈) and collaterals(絡脈). The studies on meridians(經脈) have been relatively advanced, but the studies on the collaterals(絡脈) has not been enough progressed so far. Fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) are the biggest and most important part of collaterals(絡脈). Unlike other collateral(絡脈), fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) have certain routes and their own collateral acupoints(絡穴). So we studied the structure of collateral(絡脈) mainly on fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈). In addition, we searched the Asian symbolic-mathematical(象數學的) meaning of the fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) and newly described them. As a result, the concept of collaterals(絡脈) has been created by the accumulation of clinical experience later than that of meridians(經脈), and it has been formed while the meridian theory(經絡學說) were developed. The meaning of 'fifteen' in fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) could be analysed in three ways based on the result of symbolic-mathematical(象數 學的) study. According to those results, we could find that the structure of fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) in "Internal Classic(內經)" was accurate.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.79-82
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• 2002

The addition of switches to a distribution feeder does, in general, increase reliability by decreasing the duration of the outage of many to the customers on the feeder. To cover its service area so that feeder-level delivery reaches sufficiently close to all customers, feeders typically split their routes many times, in what is often called a lateral feeder. It is interesting to note, however, that the effectiveness of a switch is very much dependent on the types of lateral feeder. The types of lateral are classified into two types. The first is loop lateral feeder that can connect its load to an adjacent feeder through a tie line in case that a fault occurs in its feeder and it is laid out so that every feeder has complete fault backup through re-switching of its loads to other sources like a main feeder. The second is the radial lateral feeder cannot connect its load to an adjacent line, no provision is made for contingency backup of feeders. There are no other circuits in the radial lateral feeder form which to restore power. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of a switch installation between on the radial and loop lateral feeders to increase reliability by decreasing the duration of the outage. These results can help power utility to design the switch layouts on the radial and loop lateral feeder system.