• Maritime Security
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 2023

For the last 70 years, the U.S.-led bilateral security system, or "Hub-and-Spokes" system, has been applied to Northeast Asia, and the system has been successfully settled in terms of stability and economic achievements of the region. Given the increasing complexity of the security environment of East Asia, it is plausible to consider the possibility of a security system shift from bilateral alliances to collective security. In order to analyze the driver of collective security system, this study developed three factors of formation and development of collective security system - main threat, intensity of the threat, and confidence among countries in the system - by reviewing international political theories related to security cooperation. Comparing the formation, development, and achievements of NATO and SEATO, the study figures out that the existence of the main threat, the high intensity of the threat, and the strong confidence among countries in the security system are the primary drivers for a successful collective security system. Based on the result, the study also analyzed the possibility of a security system shift in East Asia. Considering contemporary international conflicts such as U.S.-China strategic competition, Russia-Ukraine War, and growing threats posed by North Korean nuclear and missiles, the study anticipates that the necessity of a collective security system that will replace the current security system of the region would arise. Still, although some issues between countries should be overcome, the growing intensity of the threats will promote cooperation among countries by improving their confidence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.140-160
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the competitiveness of ports in ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations), which plays a leading role in basing the hub of international logistics strategies as a countermeasure in changes of international logistics environments. This region represents most severe competition among Mega hub ports in the world in terms of container cargo throughput at the onset of the 21st century. The research method in this study accounted for over lapping between attributes, and introduced the HFP method that can perform mathematical operations. The scope of this study was strictly confined to the ports of ASEAN, which cover the top 100 of 350 container ports that were presented in Containerization International Yearbook 2002 wi th reference to container throughput. The results of this study show Singapore in the number one position. Even compared with major ports in Korea (after getting comparative ratings and applying tile same data and evaluation structure), the number one position still goes to Singapore and then Busan(2) and Manila(2), followed by Port Klang(4), Tanjung Priok(5), Tanjung Perak(6), Bangkok(7), Inchon(8), Laem Chabang(9) and Penang(9). In terms of the main contributions of this study, it is the first empirical study to apply the combined at tributes of detailed and representative attributes into the advanced HFP model which was enhanced by the KJ method to evaluate the port competitiveness in ASEAN. Up-to-now, none have comprehensively conducted researches with sophisticated port methodology that has discussed a variety of changes in port development and terminal transfers of major shipping lines. Moreover, through the comparative evaluation among major ports in Korea and ASEAN, the presentation of comparative competitiveness for Korean ports is a great achievement in this study. In order to reinforce this study, it needs further compensative research, including cost factors which could not be applied to modeling the subject ports by lack of consistently qualified data in ASEAN.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.6 s.112
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• pp.465-470
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• 2006

Nowadays, vessel's size is tending to bigger, Therefore port facilities are developed according to this trend, which has been shown in the competition of Hub-Port among the main ports such as Port of Busan and Port of Shanghai. However there are the limited number of large containerships more specifically so 70% of the total ships calling at Busan Port are small and medium sized ships which are less than 20,000 ton As a result, it is necessary to consider the handling facilities of these ships which had been disregarded The big size of facilities increases handling cost bemuse of high investment so it is possible for small and medium sized ships to have disadvantages financially and avoid calling. In this paper, we estimate the propriety of utilization of crane and labor according to the size of vessels after analyzing time value cost, reflecting the size of vessels, size and number of crane and labor structure, and container handling cost value.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.63-70
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• 2002

The main subject to become a hub pen is automation The automated container terminal has already operated in advanced pons and it bas been planned for the basic planning and operation design in domestic case. The key of automated container terminal is effective operation of both ATC(automated transfer crane) and AGV(automated guided vehicle) which is automated handling equipments. This is essential to productivity of automated container terminal. This study suggests the moat optimal method of equipment operation in order to minimize loading time using each three types of effective AT operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in automated container terminals. As the automated equipment operation causes unexpected deadlocks or interferences, it should be proceeded on event-based real tine. Therefore we propose the most effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in this paper. The various states occurred in real automated container terminals are simulated to evaluate these methods. This experiment will show the most robust automated equipment operation method on various parameters(the degree of yard re-marshaling, the number of containers and the number of AGVs).

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.37-49
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• 2011

By strengthening the market control and expanding the networks, providers of global logistics are expanding their service scope. E-logistics connects e-business to internal and external information system by using WMS, TMS, and OMS. The paper focuses on analyzing the efficiency of the tope fifty Global Logistics Providers. Therefore, the study classifies the factors which specify the efficiency of a total logistics industry and verified its firmness. Furthermore, the most recently published reports by Logistics Quarterly and Armstrong Association in 2011 was used in order to guarantee credibility of the study. This study utilizes three years of materials, from 2007, 2008, 2009 on publish 2010, for scope period for analysis. By applying SBM (Slack Based Measure) & the DEA Window model, the trend in efficiency and stableness was analyzed. Consequently, the main purpose of the paper is evaluating the efficiency. Also, analyzing its determinants and illustrating a long-term relationship between the annual turnover and major shippers was used as output measures. In addition, the number of information system operations, the grade of information systems, and employee of Logistics Providers was used as input measures.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.89-113
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• 2020

Libraries are one of the essential living infrastructures in urban regeneration. Beyond its meaning as a basic living infrastructure, it is necessary to first understand the role, nature and forms of participation in existing urban regeneration projects in order for libraries to perform their functions and roles effectively as participants of urban regeneration. Therefore, this study investigates the contents related to libraries in the contents of the strategic plan related to urban regeneration projects, and considers them in terms of the role of the library and the form of participation. Through this, the city's library would seek to maximize its role and function as a participant in urban regeneration. As a result, the library in urban regeneration is expected to improve the quality of living environment, Urban vitality, culturally, educationally, socially/welfare role closely related to life, and the role of community as a hub. In addition, the types of library participation could be largely divided into regional and geographical libraries, hybrid libraries combined with various services, libraries based on community cooperation and linkage, and regional community hub libraries based on community participation. In the future, the library needs to promote a more active role change based on the five roles expected as participants in urban regeneration. In addition, more detailed discussions on librarians, services, and programs, which are the main subjects of library services, will be needed in developing urban regeneration plans in order for libraries to successfully fulfill their role as urban regeneration centers.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2014

Recently, GTO's rate of return to investment is decreasing. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze empirically on enhancement of competitiveness of global port container terminal. This study deals with the terms of three competitiveness enhancement factors which are a GTO's subjective factors, a management environment factors, and a government policy factors. According to analysis results of the three competitiveness enhancement factors, a GTO's subjective factors(4.21 score) are scored at the most ones of competitiveness enhancement factors of GTO, to be compared with a management environment factors(3.94 score). with a government policy factors(3.90 score). Therefore, first of all, it is important to enhance competitiveness of GTO through as follows, a GTO's subjective factors : (1) to procure local and tranship cargo volume, (2) to promote port logistics service, (3) to retain resonable port rate by promoting terminal productivity, (4) to procure container ship firms and alliance. And, the next, we have to enhance GTO's competitiveness through considering a management environment factors, that is, fluctuation of container cargo volume, port awareness, whether function of hub port, etc., and a government policy factors, that is, smart policy of port development, smart policy of port rate, incentive policy for procuring tranship cargo, etc.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.69-84
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide a comparative evaluation of container port criteria at four major container ports in the Bay of Bengal, including Colombo Port in Sri Lanka, Chennai Port in India, Chittagong Port in Bangladesh and Yangon Port in Myanmar. Important container port selection criteria are identified and comparisons among container ports are made using previous studies, personal interviews and questionnaires, completed by top shipping companies, freight forwarders, logistics service providers, and experts in Myanmar. The AHP method is used to verify the research model and hypothesis. This study identified five main criteria and eleven sub-criteria when choosing potential regional hub ports among the four ports in the Bay of Bengal. The main findings from the five main criteria suggest that port efficiency is the highest priority criteria, and the second priority is port costs. The criteria of geographical location and available port facilities are the third and fourth most important, respectively, and the last priority is port's hinterland. Regarding the relative competition among these ports, Colombo Port obtained the highest priority among the four influential factors except for port hinterland. This study has certain limitations that will require future research. First, the sample group for the population size is relatively small. Second, interviewees had limited experience answering questionnaires using this methodology and a limited amount of time was available for respondents for the interviews.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

Regarding seaport operation, a higher quality performance and increasing competitiveness are main goals to adapt to the evolution of international trade. This paper discusses about the competition among Southern Vietnam seaports concerning the strategic positioning analysis, by applying BCG method. This technique describes the performance of business based on two variables such as relative market share and average growth rate. The finding shows up different performances of 21 seaports and how the strategic positioning of each port changes in the period 2007-2016. After analyzing, this research pointed out the growth in strategic positioning of ports in Cai Mep-Thi Vai complex, gradually replacing Ho Chi Minh City-Dong Nai-Binh Duong and becoming the transportation hub of Southern Vietnam. Also, The results obtained would be helpful for port administrators and operators to establish short and long-term strategies to improve competitiveness in the future.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.76-87
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• 2020

Objectives : Bee venom has been widely practiced in many countries around the world. The number of clinical trials and biochemical researches on bee venom has been constantly increasing. The objective of this study is to analyze the trend of research on bee venom using bibliometric approach, a quantitative analytical method. Methods : We searched articles about bee venom which were published from 2000 to 2019 from Web of Science Database. Original and review articles published in English were included and data were extracted in terms of publication year, country, journal, keywords, organizations, and authors. Trends in bee venom research were visualized using VOSviewer program. Results : 1,547 English articles about bee venom were identified and analyzed. South Korea is a main hub in the field of bee venom research. Research organizations in South Korea showed high link strength with domestic organizations as well as with international organizations. A keyword analysis showed the following three major types of studies: studies on components of bee venom, studies on allergy and immune response, and clinical research of bee venom therapy. Conclusions : This study provides a macroscopic overview of the research on bee venom. This bibliometric analysis has identified influential authors and organizations in the field on bee venom research and provides a useful guideline to researchers who are in search of contributory research topics.