• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.31
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• pp.193-223
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• 2005

As the number of TV channels rapidly grows, the systematic marketing and PR communication of broadcasters are becoming more and more important. To overcome the challenges the sharply increased competition poses, TV stations ave to intensify their strategic marketing efforts. This paper analyses the editorial information aired about the broadcasters and their TV programming as part of the PR efforts made. This present research project is based on one week periods of analysis of TV programming produced and aired by German broadcasters. The program analysis of the five TV channels included in this study revealed a total of 406 cases in which editorial references were made. The result shows no systematic differences between the public and commercial Broadcasters. Channel-specific differences are, however, obvious. PR communication embedded in the regular programs is increasingly tied to media organization and frequently occurs in the reporting of journalistic content. The high number of promotions as part of informational, and even more so as part of magazine and news formats, must be viewed as problematic. Program related branding and the specific tools used to promote the programs provided further evidence regarding the importance of media economic factors. TV channels not only promote their own programs, but also those of affiliated stations, and the increasing influence of economic considerations will have long-range consequences on the variety and quality of the journalistic output. The study furthermore revealed that TV channels utilize program promotion at any time of the day.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.107-120
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• 1974

Necessity and purpose of this study: In a large number of countries it has been founded that children′s domestic accidents are at great risk year by year In the United States, they publish detailed accident statistics at regular intervals. In Korea. there have been just a few studies on Accidents-At-Home of preschool children. But it can not be said that there have been any systematic statistics about this area. and any study accounting for the relations of home accidents and preschool: children in detail, Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was focused on the inquire of these relations so as to make a little contribution to Korean preschool children′s health and security measures. So, the detail-purposes are to study following questions and to testify following hypothesis. Prob. 1. What the types of accidents of Preschool children, where the place accidents occurred\ulcorner Prob. 2. What the cause of accidents and, the main factors of the cause\ulcorner Prob. 3. How about the number of their children. the disparity of age among their children and mother′s age in each case of accidents\ulcorner hypothesis 1. There will be differences in the density of protection of parents according to the number of their children. hypothesis 2, There will be differences in accident-types and first-aid methods according to parents socio-economic background. Method; This study employed the interviewing survey method, in which 130 preschool children ware random.sampled, who visit hospital to have medical care. These children (from 1 to 6 years olds) were selected at the emergency room of five hospitals in Seoul (Hosp: Severance, Woosok, Medical Center, Hanyang Medical College Hospital and Seoul Medical Col1age Hospital during study-period (from Aug. to Oct, 1973). Four head nurses in above Hospitals were employed as accident members for this study. Concerning research analysis, the method of hypothesis verifying is used. Conclusion: As two American experts on this subject. Dr, Raymond Neuter and Mr. Ross Mc Garland have drawn attention to "minor epidemics of accidents" that could be avoided by fairly simple measures. preschool children′s accidents could be avoided by parents fair attentions. In other words, one of the most common causes of preschool children′s accidents derived from their parent′s inattention. Therefore, one important task on this subject is to instruct the parents fairly about the children′s accidents. Many accidents could be avoided by the exorcist of a little self-discipline. Also, as much the prevention of accidents is important, as the first-aid Is Important and necessary at the case of the accidents. So, the methods of proper first-aid treatment must be emphasized, and must be taught in school, especially in girls school. And there could be other means available for prevention of accidents. Firstly, the public authorities can take legal measures. More stringent safety standards can be made enforceable by law. Building materials and equipment for domestic us: ought to meat minimum safety criteria at all times. Next the public itself has to understand the seriousness of the problem, and here the dissemination of information is of great importance. All mass media should be brought into play to promote greater public awareness of the question. At last, it will be needed to obtain more detailed epidemiological data through additional surveys and statistics after this study.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.121-139
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate regional commitment index(RGI) of hospital in Korea, and the relationship RGI and hospital characteristics, such as foundation, region, size. Therefore, we are to suggest fundamental information to make and evaluate healthcare resource policy in hospital- and government-level. Methods : The 'Patient Survey 2002(administered by Ministry of Health and Social Welfare(MOHW)' was analyzed. We selected the patient data of the hospitals above 100 beds. Then, we calculated the RGI, number of same cases divided by all cases in each hospital. By using SPSS/win ver 14.0, statistical analysis such as t-test, ANOVA, correlational and regression analysis was carried out. Results : The results are as follows. 1. Overall mean and standard deviation of RGI were revealed as 0.805${\pm}$0.225 in inpatients, and 0.871${\pm}$0.184 in outpatient. The median of inpatients' and outpatients' RGI were 0.890 and 0.933. The RGI of inpatients of private hospitals were revealed significantly higher than that of the public(public: 0.727, private: 0.822). However, outpatients' RGI was not revealed as significantly different. 2. The RGI of general specialty hospitals were significantly lower than others, therefore we could think that more inpatients and outpatients of general specialty hospitals flowed in from others province or metropolitan cities than other hospital types. 3. The RGI of hospitals holding above 400 beds were significantly lower than others in inpatients and outpatients. 5. The RGI of hospitals were significantly different among sixteen province and metropolitan cities. The RGI inpatients of Gwangju and Daejon metropolitan city were lowest sub-group(0.659, 0.664), and the RGI inpatients of Jeju was revealed as highest, 0.979. 6. Available beds, total doctors, and total employees were negatively correlated with RGI of inpatients and outpatients. 7. The significant influencing factors to RGI of inpatients and outpatients were appeared samely such as available beds, wide healthcare region, hospital size, and foundation type. Conclusions : It is considered that RGI of hospital represent competitive power in healthcare market. Also, the competitive advantage and quality of hospital clustered by characteristics could made out by RGI. Therefore, the results of this study would be useful to develop and evaluate hospital policy of individual hospital or local government.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.841-855
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• 2009

The main objective of this study is to examine the situations of group-homes for the elderly and clarify the problems of them. This study investigates the present conditions of welfare facilities and supply conditions. 4 group-homes were surveyed in Jeonju and Kwangju cities. Data was collected through various ways including the survey conducted by facility operators, the measurement of living space, and photo-takings. The major results of this study are as follows: 1) With the introduction of nursing care insurance in 2008, the increase of the demand and supply to group-home will be expected, due to less cost for recuperation. The care of elderly in homelike atmosphere is effective to the elderly suffering from dementia. Therefore, it is proper that the supply of group-homes for dementia will be needed. 2) Group-homes for the elderly are being supplied under the standards of welfare facilities in the present. Separate supply standards, however, are needed because they are not suitable for small scale group-homes. 3) To supply Group-homes for the elderly on a one-unit basis would cause various problems such as economical unreality, personnel distribution and so on. It is necessary to supply more than two units for more efficient management. 4) The management of group-homes for the elderly is financially unstable because the operating funds heavily depend on the users or people who are connected with the facilities through private networks. Therefore, additional support is needed to settle the financial problem. It would be helpful to build the public networking that provides information about the group-home for the elderly for the public. 5) In case of the increase in the supply of the group-home in a residential area, it could be helpful to promote the group-home to the public. 6) The operators state that the main problems of group homes for the elderly lie in financial difficulties and the shortage of professionals and volunteers. The financial, personnel, and material support for personnel and the supervision of management are required for the transparency and effectiveness of the facility management. In addition, the closer network and cooperation system with the community is required. 7) The present living environments for group-homes for the elderly leave much room for improvement, considering the physical condition of the elderly. The more careful selections in the color, shape, material, and equipment of the facilities should be made for the convenience of the elderly users.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.3
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• pp.51-66
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• 2005

With the advent of the time when the competitiveness of a nation or a city can be evaluated by the extent of cultural reception, the art exhibitions, like other genres of art, are actively held in various ways by different institutions. The spaces of exhibition offered not only by public museums and galleries but also by private galleries, alternative spaces and open-air exhibition spots are being increased. Likewise, the number of exhibitions organized on a large scale by Biennales and local governments is on the increase. In accordance with actual tendency, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism has planned to increase the number of museums and galleries up to 500 by the year of 2011. Under these circumstances, the actual situation shows that the central and local governments are adopting beneficial measures to support the private galleries such as permission of construction on green belt areas and tax deduction. That is, our society has come to realize that the necessity and importance of public as well as private galleries to play their roles as cultural and educational institution. Now, the number of galleries is growing. Exhibitions are held everywhere. Therefore, spectators have more chance to visit them than before. With these conditions and the growing number of amateurs, social interest in curator organizing exhibitions is getting popular. Because of the rise of curatorial popularity on the social level, the influence of curators which is exercised within the gallery seems to become gradually enlarged. In reality, it is true that the curatorial influence cannot be ignored more than ever for appear in various fields their new features made from their professional cometence. The function of gallery is more strengthened and its position is more heightened than those in 80s. For these reasons, the curators whose playground is the gallery, they may be regarded as invisible power to the artists. Futhermore, their influence as such seems to be more likely because our world of art does not still have any reliable system of art criticism. Nevertheless, considering the actual situation in which national and public galleries as cultural institution would rather exist on the local sentiments or political dynamics than on autonomy, there must be some restrictions for the galleries and the curators to obtain the power. In this context, the actual moment is looked upon as transitional period to make the curatorship settled down. Before discussing the power relevant to curatorship, we are going to examine first the role and function of curator and then the new curatorial role and function at the age of information. Finally, we will see in sequence the development and problems of curatorship, the power and dilemmas of curator.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.329-337
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• 2019

It is true that many tales delivered in an 'Story-telling' auditorium or theater have not so much exquisite and refined forms as distorted and deteriorated ones. Furthermore, when false interpretations of tale-performers added into the category of the texts of tales, the problems can be made worse. In case of oral folk tales, there can be discordance between the standpoint of a tale-performer and the contents of a tale. This thesis is directly aimed at pointing out the 'Behavior Economics' problems concerned with the reading and interpretation of tales through investigating the missing parts of a text in reading tales. Man's rationality is meant to be confined to bounded rationality. Instead of making best choices, bounded rationality leads consumers to make a decision which they think suffices themselves to the point requiring no more consideration on the given item. It is the very Heuristic that does work in the process of this simplified decision making process. Heuristic utilizes established empirical notion and specific information, and that's why there can be cognitive 'Biases' sometimes leading to inaccurate judgment. As Oral Literature is basically based on heavy guesswork and perceptual biases of general public, it is imperative to contemplate oral literature in the framework of Heuristic of behavior economics. This thesis deals with thinking types and behavioral patterns of the general public in the perspective of heuristic by examining 'Story-tellings' on the basis of personal or public memory. In addition, heuristic involves how to deal with significant but intangible content such as the errors of oral story teller, the deviations of the story, and responses of the audience.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.3-12
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• 2018

This research aims at analyzing the changes in residential environment after a residential environment improvement project focusing on the analysis into the physical environment of a residential environment improvement project, and examining in what direction the changes by residents' own efforts occurred after public support, such as infrastructure. The present residence development method has become different from the previous pulling down method and is focused on regeneration. By examining in what direction the target residence is being changed because of the development by residents' own efforts after the government's public investment at this time, this study also aims at investigating the direction to develop a guideline for residential improvement for later improvement of deteriorated residence. As for the contents of the analysis, changes in public support, such as infrastructure, and other areas after the residential environment improvement project were compared and analyzed from the land use, street system, and condition of buildings before the residential environment improvement project through field survey, geographic information system(GIS), registered land and building data and so on. The biggest change since the support from the government was that at the beginning of the project, the application of special provision of building laws and different financial supports led to lots of newly built buildings. Since then, their number has decreased rapidly, and in most cases, there have been some changes in part, such as changes in the use of land or repair of disposal tanks. Most newly built buildings were multi-household houses, and it has caused road capacity and parking lot capacity, etc., to be exceeded, which has worsened the pleasantness of the living environment. In addition, other problems have also appeared, for example, the lack of residence supporting facilities yet with a higher level of residential density. Regarding the changes in the residential environment after the residential environment improvement project, maintenance of houses were conducted in some degree as diverse alleviation policies to improve poor residence, yet the absence of the guideline for the direction of developing the whole district has made the residence environment more dense and deteriorated. To solve these problems, in advance to a residential improvement project, specific management methods based on short-, mid- and long-term plans for the direction of development by residents' own efforts and a sustainable guideline seem to be necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.1959-1970
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• 2013

Attempts were made in this paper to compare the practice of protective actions for information of patients' medical treatment between hospital administrators who do not make direct contact with patients and occupational therapists who usually do. The comparison between jobs in charge showed that occupational therapists did not practice much protective actions for information of patients' medical treatment ($3.52{\pm}.809$) compared to hospital administrators ($3.92{\pm}.724$), even though the former had received regular education about protection, management and supervision of patients' medical information more often ($3.17{\pm}1.129$) than the latter ($3.16{\pm}1.037$). In spite of the fact that occupational therapists were exposed frequently to the danger of revealing medical information in the process of their job performance through talks and communications with patients, they displayed relatively little concern for and awareness of keeping information of medical treatment from being leaked by them. It is thus suggested to promote awareness of medical staff to protect medical information by means of flexible educational system for each occupational group, periodical monitoring, continuing public relation, training and quality control for protection of medical information, as well as routine self-examination of such practice.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.141-149
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• 2010

Three-dimensional geo-spatial information is important for the efficient use and management of the country and the three-dimensional expression and analysis of urban projects, such as urban plans devised by local governments and urban management. Thanks to the revitalization of the geo-spatial information service industry, it is now being variously used not only in public but also private areas. For the creation of high-guiltily three-dimensional geo-spatial information, emphasis should be placed on not only the quality of the source image and three-dimensional geo-spatial model but also the level of visualization, such as level of detail and texturing. However, in the case of existing three-dimensional geo-spatial information, its establishment process is complicated and its data are not updated frequently enough, as it uses ready-created digital maps. In addition, as it uses Ortho Images, the images exist Relief displacement. As a result, the visibility is low and the three-dimensional models of artificial features are simplified to reach LoD between 2 and 3, making the images look less realistic. Therefore, this paper, analyzed the quality of three-dimensional geo-spatial information created using the three-dimensional modeling technique were applied using Digital photogrammetry technique, using digital aerial photo images by an existing large-format digital camera and multi-looking camera. The analysis of the accuracy of visualization information of three-dimensional models showed that the source image alone, without other visualization information, secured the accuracy of 84% or more and that the establishment of three-dimensional spatial information carried out simultaneously with filming made it easier to gain the latest data. The analysis of the location accuracy of true Ortho images used in the work process showed that the location accuracy was better than the allowable horizontal position accuracy of 1:1,000 digital maps.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.147-159
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• 2016

In South Korea, many cases of humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury (HDLI) have been reported among people who used humidifier products containing humidifier disinfectant (HD). The objective of this study is to characterize exposure to HD among a total of 221 HDLI patients who used HD. Information and data on the HDs used were collected through a structured questionnaire and home environmental investigations. The conditions of these 221 HDLI patients were clinically confirmed to be caused by the use of HD. Children aged under 5 years old made up the highest proportion of HDLI cases (n=125, 56.6 %), followed by pregnant women (n=35, 15.8%). Forty-three percent (n=95) of the victims died. There were three cases of fetuses and 35 pregnant women among the victims. The number of HDLI patients who used only the Oxy Saksak brand of HD was found to be 85 (38.5%), followed by the HD brands Cefu (n=24, 10.9%), Lottemart Wiselect (n=9, 4.1%) and Aekyung (n=3). Patients who exclusively used HD brands containing polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG) (n=13, 55.7%) as an active ingredient made up the largest share, followed by those who exclusively used HD containing only oligo(2-(2-ethoxy) ethoxyethyl guanidinium (PGH) (n=24, 10.9%) and by those who only used a mixture of chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) (n=3, 1.4%). HD products containing PHMG were found to be the most commonly used among the confirmed HDLI patients. Three exposed fetuses who never used HD after birth developed lung injuries, indicating a probability of exposure to HD during gestation. All HDLI patients responded that they used HD while sleeping and for longer than 10 hours per day. In conclusion, the development of HDLI was clinically found to be associated with the use of several HD products containing PHMG, PGH and CMIT/MIT.