• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2010

When entering the PIN(personal identification number), the greatest security threat is shoulder surfing attack. Shoulder surfing attack is watching the PIN being entered from over the shoulder to obtain the number, and it is the most common and at the same time the most powerful security threat of stealing the PIN. In this paper, a psychology based PINpad technology referred to as DAS(Dynamic Authentication System) that safeguards from shoulder surfing attack was proposed. Also, safety of the proposed DAS from shoulder surfing attack was tested and verified through intuitive viewpoint, shoulder surfing test, and theoretical analysis. Then, a PINpad with an internal DAS that was certified for its safety from shoulder surfing attack was designed and produced. Because the designed PINpad significantly decreases the chances for shoulder surfing attackers being able to steal the PIN when compared to the ordinary PINpad, it was determined to be suitable for use at ATM(automated teller machine)s operated by banks and therefore has been introduced and is being used by many financial institutions.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2010

Conformance testing for embedded software is to check whether software was correctly implemented according to software specification or not. In conformance testing, test scenarios must be extracted to cover every test cases of software. In a general way, test scenarios simply focus on testing all functions at least one time. But, test scenarios are necessary to consider efficiency of test execution. In this paper, we propose a test scenario extraction method by considering function's execution time and waiting time for user interaction. A test model is a graph model which is generated from state machine diagram and test cases in software specification. The test model is augmented by describing test execution time and user interaction information. Based on the test model, test scenarios are extracted by a modified Dijkstra's algorithm. Our test scenario approach can reduce testing time and improve test automation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.63-73
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to be of use for more successful prediction of possible Prevailing aesthetic characteristics in the future, by reviewing how decadent features have actually been unfolded in fashion and make-up since the end of 20th century, as we are now in the new 21st century. The decadent traits of modern fashion and make-up since the late'90s could be listed as follows : first, the fashion has intentionally been designed to look disgusting, where realistic and imaginary images coexist, by using a half-man, half-machine image or vividly describing detestable animal skin, There have also been disgusting features in the make-up, which are so extremely weird that we can created by adding vinyl or pieces of textiles like Patch of the 17th century. Second, the satanic character of the fashion seems to be meant to keep in harmony with evil image such as Dracula, witch, skeleton or warrior of the evil, in order to charge the unnatural, inhuman and fin-de-siecle Phenomenon and find out what It really means for the inner world of men. And the demonic expressions of the make-up chiefly use white or black color or blue color of low saturation or low lightness, and part of facial features is exaggerated or shortchanged. Third, the decadent characteristics are expressed in the fashion by attaching sensational ornament to the human bode or using sexual exposure. So they give unnatural, unsound and extremely erotic impressions. The decadent features in the make-up are generated by excessively using a gay red color or sensational, exciting colors. Fourth, the exoticism of the fashion is largely affected by China's Chipaoh, Japan's Kimono or primitive motives from Africa, as there are increasing interests in Asia. And that of the make-up leans toward the East, as Kabuki make-up from Japan, Kyongkeuk make-up from China or the primitive features from Africa are employed.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.437-443
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• 2013

This paper investigates the physical properties of aramid and aramid/nylon hybrid air jet textured filaments for protective garments relative to ATY nozzle diameters. Three types of para-aramids(840d, 1,000d, 1,500d) and nylon(420d) filaments were prepared; in addition, 840d aramid/420d nylon and three kinds of aramid filaments were texturized with a variation of air jet nozzle diameters(0.6, 0.75, 1 and 1.2 mm) on the AIKI air jet texturing machine. The measured physical properties of 16 specimens are as follows. The linear densities of aramid and aramid/nylon hybrid ATY increased with a larger nozzle diameter. The tenacity and initial modulus of aramid and hybrid ATY linearly decreased with a larger nozzle diameter; in addition, the breaking strain increased with the nozzle diameter. The dry and wet thermal shrinkage of hybrid ATY increased with a larger nozzle diameter from 0.6 mm to 1 mm and then decreased at a nozzle diameter of 1.2 mm (which seems to be a critical diameter). The wet and dry thermal shrinkage of aramid/nylon hybrid ATY are influenced by the nylon part of the hybrid yarns because the wet and dry thermal shrinkages of aramid ATY are less than 0.2%. The instabilities of aramid and aramid/nylon hybrid ATY were not influenced by the air jet nozzle diameter; however, they increased with the linear density of ATY.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.69-74
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• 2017

In the current machining industry, machining precision is necessary and machining is being carried out. In this ultra-precision machining industry, the fixation of the workpiece is very important and the degree of machining depends on the degree of fixation of the workpiece. In ultra-precision machining, various methods, such as using a vise chuck or the like and using bolt nut coupling, are used for fixing a workpiece to an existing machine tool. In particular, when the precision gripping force of the jig is insufficient during machining of the ultra-precision mold parts, the machining material shakes due to the vibration or friction, and the machining precision is lowered. In the ultra-precision machining of power transmission parts, such as gears, the accuracy of the product is then determined. In addition, the amount of heat generated during machining has a significant effect on the machining accuracy. This is because the vibration value changes according to the grasp force of the jig that fixes the workpiece, and the change in the calorific value due to the change in the main shaft rotation speed of the ultra-precision machining. The increase in the spindle rotation speed during machining decreased the heat generation during machining, and the machining accuracy was also good, and it was confirmed that the machining heat changed according to the fixed state of the workpiece and the machining accuracy also changed. In this study, we try to optimize the driving part of the power vise by using structural analysis, rather than the power vise, using the basic mechanical-type power unit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

This study determines the selection of an appropriate jig material for the blade edge of the medical sapphire knife. The physical properties of the jig material affects the edge shape and chipping phenomenon in machining of the medical sapphire knife. If a grinding wheel is used, brittle workpieces such as sapphire are easily damaged by the propagation of cracks because the grinding force significantly increases. It is important to constantly maintain the grinding force in the grinding process of the brittle materials. The grinding force can be kept constantly by inducing the elastic deformation of the Jig material because the elastic deformation of brittle work-piece is negligibly low. The chipping phenomenon may be reduced by selecting the proper Jig material. Aluminum, copper, stainless steels and carbon steel were used as Jig materials. The experiment was conducted using a cast iron grinding wheel, which was installed on a conventional grinding machine with the ELID grinding system. The thickness and width of the chipping area were measured using an optical microscope and FE-SEM to analyze the shape of the blade edge. According to the experiment result, the chipping phenomenon decreased, and the sharp edge was formed when the jig materials with low elastic modulus were used.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.8
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• pp.3-15
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• 1996

Friedensreich Hundertwasser , born in Vienna 1928, is a painter, an architect and an environmentalist. His architecture is radically different from the traditional , straight -lined, functional architecture practised, for example, by the Bauhaus Masters. From the very beginning , he has tried by various means to show that radical change in thinking are necessary , possible and realized. Hundertwasser's goal in this architecture is to make and give human dwelling in harmony with nature. his architecture is characterized by avoidance of straight lines, " Window Right", irregular arrangement of windows, onion dom, a wealth of colours and such environmentally -friendly consideration as planting of roofs and realizing of "tree-tenants". hundertwasser sees houses as evolving creations which are to be shaped by their inhabitants. He hates Uniformity. The irregularity is always the guiding principle in his architecture. The Hundertwasser's architeucture express his fundamental belief that we may not simply rob nature of her resources, but that we must also return territory to nature which we habe stolen from her. Roofs, terraces and courtyards planted with vegetation and " tree-tenants" build bridges between man and nature. They influse the architecture with vitality and romanticism and are a statement of a quality rather than a standard of living. It is quite possible to value the architecture of Hundertwasser as an important inspiration, as a sort of turning point in the thoughts and actions of city planners. It's success could be healing shock for the international architectural community, which is hypnotized by technology and abused by the shortsighted interests of ren.tability . Under this pressure, today's architects trend to reduce people to a mere part of the " Dwelling machine", without acknowledging that in the long run such machines eat away at people's souls.uch machines eat away at people's souls.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.4 s.100
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• pp.479-486
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• 2005

The ontology was proposed to construct the logical basis of semantic web. Ontology represents domain knowledge in the formal form and it enables that machine understand domain knowledge and provide appropriate intelligent service for user request. However, the construction and the maintenance of ontology requires large amount of cost and human efforts. This paper proposes an automatic ontology construction method for defining relation between concepts in the documents. The Proposed method works as following steps. First we find concept pairs which compose association rule based on the concepts in domain specific documents. Next, we find pattern that describes the relation between concepts by clustering the context between two concepts composing association rule. Last, find generalized pattern name by clustering the clustered patterns. To verify the proposed method, we extract relation between concepts and evaluate the result using documents set provide by TREC(Text Retrieval Conference). The result shows that proposed method cant provide useful information that describes relation between concepts.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.7 s.110
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• pp.859-864
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• 2006

The openness of the Web allows any user to access almost any type of information easily at any time and anywhere. However, with function of easy access for useful information, internet has dysfunctions of providing users with harmful contents indiscriminately. Some information, such as adult content, is not appropriate for all users, notably children. Additionally for adults, some contents included in abnormal porn sites can do ordinary people's mental health harm. In the meantime, since Internet is a worldwide open network it has a limit to regulate users providing harmful contents through each countrie's national laws or systems. Additionally it is not a desirable way of developing a certain system-specific classification technology for harmful contents, because internet users can contact with them in diverse way, for example, porn sites, harmful spams, or peer-to-peer networks, etc. Therefore, it is being emphasized to research and develop context-based core technologies for classifying harmful contents. In this paper, we propose an efficient text filter for blocking harmful texts of web documents using context-based technologies.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.36-54
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths to ground dentin surfaces of four dentinal bonding agents in 193 teeth. Various dentin surfaces treated with four dentin bonding agents were attached with two restorative composite resins. The effectiveness of the bonding were tested by the monitoring the shear bond strength. The shear bond strengths were measured after 2 hours and 24 hours after surface conditioning with four dentin bonding agents. Effects of EDTA, the additive illumination, and sealer treatments without primer on bond strength to dentin surfaces were assessed. In addition the effects of the thickness of specimens ranging from 0.65 mm to 1.95 mm and the ratio of catalyst and base paste on the bond strength of chemical cure composite resin were estimated. The shear bond strength was determined by testing specimens in the Instron universal testing machine (Model No. 1122) at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Following condusions were drawn: 1. The highest mean shear bond strengths of chemical cure composite resin to dentin conditioning with dentin bonding agents aged 2 hours were obtained, and then that was decreased with time followed by EDTA treatment. 2. In light cure composite resin, the shear bond strength was increased following dentin conditioning with bonding agents with time, irradiation time and EDTA treatment except in SB group. 3. The thicker the composite resin specimen was, the less the shear bond strength in chemical cure composite resin was. 4. In light cure composite resin, there was a little change in shear bond strength following dentin conditioning with bonding agents. 5. In chemical cure composite resin, the shear bond strength was the highest in the ratio of 1/1 of catalyst and base part. 6. Without a dentin primer, shear bond strength to dentin conditioned only with UB sealer was the highest among four sealers in light cure composite resin.