• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.51-54
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to examine differences in shoot regeneration among chrysanthemum cultivars. Leaf explants of chrysanthemum cultivars 'Sulhwa', 'Puma', 'Geummokseo' and 'Sulpoong' were used. Explants cultured on the medium for 2 weeks formed calli at the cut surfaces. Shoots regenerated on MS basal medium supplemented with various concentration combinations of NAA and BAP. Explants were cultured under cool-white fluorescent lamps with a light intensity of $40\mu{Mm}^{-2}$.$s^{-1}$ for 16 $hday^{-1}$, at $25^{\circ}c$ and 70-80% relative humidity. 'Geummokseo' and 'Sulpoong' were the most responsive cultivars in shoot regeneration. Most effective medium for 'Sulhwa' and 'Puma' was MS basal medium supplemented with 10.0 $\mu{M}$ NAA and 5.0 $\mu{M}$ BAP and for 'Geummokseo' MS supplemented with 10.0$\mu{M}$ NAA and 20.0$\mu{M}$ BAP. Regeneration of multiple shoots was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0$\mu{M}$ or 10.0 $\mu{M}$ NAA and 5.0$\mu{M}$ BAP. High frequency regeneration of adventitious shoots from leaf explants and efficient induction of root from these regenerated shoots were obtained.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 2007

Orostachys japonicus A. Berger is a Perennial herbaceous plant which has been traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat hepatitis and as an anticancer agent. The objective of this study was 1) to establish and proliferate in vitro plant of O. japonicus 2) to induce indirect somatic embryogenesis from O. japonicus. General calli and embryogenic calli in all ranges of 2,4-D and BA combination, were induced and were best at 22% (embryogenic cell) in 5.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BA combination. Embryogenic cell line was maintained by subculture at 2 week intervals and transferred to solid and liquid medium for embryo formation. In solid medium culture, globular and heart shaped embryos were observed in MS medium containing 5.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BA combination. The number of embryos was 6.5 per 0.5 g cell, and then the immature embryos transferred to MS basal medium for embryo development. In a suspension culture of embryogenic cells, globular and heart shaped embryos were emerged in MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.3 mg/L BA combination after 10 days of incubation. The embryo formation rate was about 33% by suspension culture. The ratio of embryo germination was 60.9%, on the other side, the root formation rate was 74.3% in 1/2 MS continuously.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.11
• /
• pp.1548-1553
• /
• 2000

An experiment was conducted to study the nutritional quality of whole crop corn silage ensiled with cage layer manure in sheep. Treatments were designed as a $3{\times}3$ Latin square with 16-day periods. Sheep were allotted in one of three diet-treatments, which were whole crop corn silage (CS), whole crop corn+30% cage layer manure (CLM) silage (based on DM; MS) and rice straw+concentrate (SC) mixed at 8:2 ratio (on DM basis). Silage ensiled with CLM significantly increased (p<0.05) digestibilities of crude protein, NDF and ADF, TDN over the other treatments. Ruminal pH in sheep fed SC was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the other diets at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h after feeding. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration of the MS treatment was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the other treatments at 0, 1, 2 h after feeding. The MS treatment highly increased (p<0.05) feed intake, digestibility of organic matter and crude protein, nitrogen intake and retained nitrogen. The MS treatment highly increased (p<0.05) purine derivative (PD) excretion leading to higher microbial protein synthesis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.697-705
• /
• 2003

The alkylphenols, chlorophenols, and bisphenol A were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM) followed by two work-up methods for comparison: isobutoxycarbonyl (isoBOC) derivatization and tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) derivatization. Eleven endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) of phenols in biological samples were extracted with acetonitrile and then the acetonitrile layer underwent freezing filtration 6$0^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used with XAD-4 and subsequent conversion to isoBOC or TBDMS derivatives for sensitivity analysis with the GC/MS-SIM mode. For isoBOC derivatization and TBDMS derivatization the recoveries were 92.3∼150.6% and 93.8∼108.3%, the method detection limits (MDLs) of bisphenol A for SIM were 0.062 $\mu$ g/kg and 0.010 $\mu$ g/kg, and the SIM responses were linear with the correlation coefficient varying by 0.9755∼0.9981 and 0.9908∼0.9996, respectively. When these methods were applied to mackerel samples, the concentrations of the 11 phenol EDCs were below the MDL.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.235-238
• /
• 2015

Adventitious buds were obtained from isolated cotyledons cultured on MS medium with various concentrations of 6-benzylamino purine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ). The highest numbers of adventitious buds were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L BA. Experimental culturing with half the petiole portion and half with the terminal segments were grown on MS medium contained with 0.2 mg/L BA. Frequency of the adventitious bud induction was variable accordingly to the type of cultured explants. Explants with the half petiole showed the highest adventitious bud induction rate (80%) compared to explants of half with terminal segment (20%). An elongated shoot from the buds and growth of advent roots were both possible on the 1/2 MS medium without a plant growth regulator. These results offer an effective way in which clonal propagation can be accomplished.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.33 no.11
• /
• pp.3727-3734
• /
• 2012

An analytical method has been developed for the rapid determination of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in human serum samples. The extraction and purification of PFCs from human serum were performed by the modified method of previous report. Ten PFCs were rapidly separated within 3.3 min by C18-monolithic column liquid chromatography (LC) and detected by electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in negative ion mode. The runtime of PFCs on monolithic column LC was up to 4-fold faster than that on conventional column LC. The effect of triethylamine (TEA) to the mobile phase has investigated on the overall MS detection sensitivity of PFCs in ESI ionization. Quantification was performed by LC-MS/MS in multiple-ion reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, using $^{13}C$-labeled internal standards. Method validation was performed to determine recovery, linearity, precision, and limits of quantification, followed by, the analysis of a standard reference material (SRM 1957 from NIST). The overall recoveries ranged between 81.5 and 106.3% with RSDs of 3.4 to 16.2% for the entire procedure. The calibration range extended from 0.33 to 50 $ng\;mL^{-1}$, with a correlation coefficient ($R^2$) greater than 0.995 and the limits of quantification with 0.08 to 0.46 $ng\;mL^{-1}$. This approach can be used for rapid and sensitive quantitative analysis of 10 PFCs in human serum with high performance and accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.23-26
• /
• 2006

One of micropropagation methods was investigated by using a multiple-shoots protocol. Multiple shoot formation was obtained from excised axillary buds of Hypericum erectum on half-strength or basal MS medium supplemented with TDZ or BA. The optimal combination of shoot multiplication for the production of more shoots with a suitable size was MS medium supplemented with $0.005\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ (6.5 adventitious shoots per node). In vitro rooting was carried on half-strength MS medium with $1\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;GA_3\;and\;0.5\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IBA treatment. In addition, the rooted cuttings were showed a better root growth in the greenhouse and survived in more than 90%. The results show that the species can be micropropagated effectively by the application of axillary bud culture systems.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2010

An efficient method for the rapid propagation of Smilax china from axillary buds was established. Plants with thick leafage were selected from Korea native S. china population. Axillary buds of S. china collected from selected plant and were cultured in various culture media (2MS, MS, 1/2MS, WPM, B5 and SH medium). Shoot was induced from axillary bud on MS basal medium after 4 weeks of culture. 1/2MS medium showed a higher growth rate than those of the others, while the lowest shoot growth was obtained in 2MS medium. Among the sucrose concentrations, 5% sucrose was the optimum level for shoots growth from axillay buds. Among cytokinins, $0.5mgL^{-1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) treatment showed the best performance on shoot multiplication, yielding average shoot multiplication forming about 2.4. Rooting was induced directly near the base of the shoot on 1/2MS medium containing with three-auxins ${\alpha}-napthalene$ acetic acid (NAA), indole acetic acid (IAA) and ${\beta}-indolebutyric$ acid (IBA) (0.5 and $1.0mgL^{-1}$). The $1.0mgL^{-1}$ IBA treatments induced earliest rooting with maximum of root number and root growth. These rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to pots for 4 weeks hardening process, and were transferred to soil with above 90% survival rate.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.641-649
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to examine the effects of instruction (explicit, implicit) and stimulus presentation time (300 ms, 500 ms) in ABM training. According to the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS) and the attention bias score (ABS), 60 undergraduate students were selected. All participants' SADS scores were above 82 and their ABS score was greater than 0. The training group was explicit-300 ms training group (n=10), explicit-500 ms training group (n=10), implicit-300 ms training group (n=10) and implicit-500 ms training group (n=10). In the implicit instruction group, only information about procedure was included. In the explicit instruction group, additional information about training manipulation (the probe always presented at the location of the preceding neutral stimuli) was provided. The control group were placebo-300 ms control group(n=10) and placebo-500 ms control group(n=10). After 8 sessions of training, the effect was only found in instruction conditions. The explicit training group showed significantly decreased SADS after training. ABS changed significantly in all three conditions but the treatment effect was most effective in the explicit instruction condition. No significant effect was found in the stimulus presentation time. These results suggest that explicit instruction might promote the effect of ABM training compared to implicit instruction.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.281-286
• /
• 2009

Rhodiola sachalinensis is one of the most popular oriental medicines in East Asia. It is a perennial herb, belonging to the family Crassulaceae, which is mainly distributed in mountains at the altitudes of 1700-2500 m in Baek-Du mountain. Cultivation of this species for the production of medicine materials is not easy in nature, because of restrict habitats. In vitro production of roots can be applicable for the production of medicinal materials. Here, we investigated the optimal conditions for induction and proliferation of adventitious roots in in vitro culture system. Leaf, stem and root segments from R. sachalinensis were cultured on Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium supplemented with the various concentrations of IBA(Indole-3-butyric acid)(0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/L) and sucrose(10, 30, 50, and 100 g/L). The optimal explant for adventitious root induction was leaf segment. Induction of adventitious roots was highest on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L IBA and sucrose 30 g/L. In liquid culture, fresh weight of adventitious roots was highest(15.65 g) on 1/3 strength MS liquid medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L IBA with 30 g/L sucrose. These results revealed the first attempt for the production of adventitious roots in R. sachalinensis.