• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.169-181
• /
• 1997

In this paper, we propose and discuss about image enhancement techniques for MPEG-4. which represents very low bit-rate, content-based. and object-based hierarchical audio-visual coding standard. The proposed enhancement technique removes undesired artifacts arising in the compression procedure and increase resolution in both spatial and temporal domains. In order to remove undesired artifacts. we divide the MPEG-4 video algorithm in two parts: MPEG-2 like part and the new part. For removing artifacts caused by the first part. we adopt the conventional blocking artifacts algorithm developed for MPEG-2. On the other hand for removing artifacts caused by the second part. we provide a new degradation model. and propose the corresponding image restoration method. For increasing resolution of the MPEG-4 images, we propose a general framework of multichannel image interpolation process. which includes both spatial and temporal interpolations. As the MPEG-4 standard is under development. various sophisticated techniques are considered. but research on image enhancement techniques is relatively underestimated. By this reason. additional image enhancement techniques will become very important issue in realization phase of MPEG-4.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.11C
• /
• pp.1058-1065
• /
• 2006

In this paper, we propose a new motion vector coding algorithm suitable for MPEG-4 Part 10 video coding standard. In the proposed algorithm, the amount of the motion for a given video sequence is Predicted by using a characteristic of the motion vector distribution for the neighboring blocks as well as the MB_type, which is the syntax element in the standard. And one of the independent coding and the combined coding methods is adaptively employed to compress the motion vector difference. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional methods without additional memory and calculations.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.267-273
• /
• 2016

Hand posture recognition is an important technique to enable a natural and familiar interface in the human-computer interaction (HCI) field. This paper introduces a hand posture recognition method using a depth camera. Moreover, the hand posture recognition method is incorporated with the Moving Picture Experts Group Rich Media User Interface (MPEG-U) Advanced User Interaction (AUI) Interface (MPEG-U part 2), which can provide a natural interface on a variety of devices. The proposed method initially detects positions and lengths of all fingers opened, and then recognizes the hand posture from the pose of one or two hands, as well as the number of fingers folded when a user presents a gesture representing a pattern in the AUI data format specified in MPEG-U part 2. The AUI interface represents a user's hand posture in the compliant MPEG-U schema structure. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of the hand posture recognition system and verified that the AUI interface is compatible with the MPEG-U standard.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
• /
• v.12C no.2 s.98
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2005

This paper presents encryption techniques for digital right management solutions of MPEG-4 streams. MPEG-4 is a format for multimedia streaming and stored in the MPEG-4 file format. We designed three kinds of encryption methods, which encrypt macro blocks (MBs) or motion vectors (MVs) of I-, P-VOPs (Video Object Planes), extracted from the MPEG-4 file format. We used DES to encrypt MPEG-4 data Based on theses three methods, we designed and implemented a DRM solution for an Internet broadcasting service, which enabled a MPEG-4 data streaming, and then compared the results of decryption speed and quality of rendered video sequences to get an optimal encryption method.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.113-122
• /
• 2009

RoSE(representation of sensory effects)기술은 A/V미디어에서 제공하는 시청각 효과 이외에 바람/향기/진동 등의 실감효과를 팬/발향기/진동의자 등의 다양한 디바이스와 연동시킴으로써 미디어의 실감효과를 극대화하는 기술이다. 2007년 10월 82차 MPEG회의에 처음 제안된 RoSE프레임워크는 SE(sensory effects), USP(user sensory preferences), SDC(sensory device capabilities), SDCom(sensory device commands)의 표준아이템이 상호 연동하는 시스템 구조를 갖는다. 지난 2월 87차 MPEG로잔(Lausanne)미팅에서는 이들을 현실과 가상을 연결하는 인터페이스 표준을 정하는 MPEG-V(ISO/IEC 23005) 프로젝트의 Part 2(control information)와 Part 3(sensory information)으로 분리 배치하고 오는 7월 89차 런던 미팅에서 CD(committee drait)를 목표로 표준화를 진행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 XML에 기반한 이들 4개의 표준 아이템 구성을 살펴보고 현재까지 MPEG 에서 진행되어 온 RoSE표준화 과정을 소개한다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.271-279
• /
• 2009

The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) and Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) have developed a new standard that promises to outperform the earlier MPEG-4 and H.263 standards. The new standard is called H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding) and is published jointly as MPEG-4 Part 10 and ITU-T Recommendation H.264. In particular, the H.264/AVC intra prediction coding provides nine directional prediction modes for every $4{\times}4$ block in order to reduce spatial redundancies. In this paper, an ABS (Adaptive Bit Skip) mode is proposed. In order to achieve coding efficiency, the proposed method can remove the mode bits to represent the prediction mode by using the similarity of adjacent pixels. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves the PSNR gain of about 0.2 dB in R-D curve and reduces the bit rates about 3.6% compared with H.264/AVC.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.6C
• /
• pp.459-470
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we propose a fast ME (motion estimation) algorithm for MPEG-4 to H.264 Transcoder. Whereas 2 modes ($8{\times}8$, $16{\times}16$) are used for ME in MPEG-4 simple profile, ME using 7 modes is supported for further enhanced coding efficiency in H.264. The transcoding speed is affected dominantly by the computational complexity of encoder part in transcoder, where ME module of H.264 encoder has high complexity due to using 7 modes. In order to increase the speed of transcoding between MPEG-4 and H.264, we use 3 PMVs (predicted motion vectors) and the mode information of MBs (macroblocks) provided from the decoder part of transcoder. Since the proposed 3 PMVs are very close to an optimal motion vector, and we consider only some restricted modes according to the MB information transferred from decoder part, the proposed scheme can speed up the transcoding procedure without loss of image quality. We show experimental results which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, where performance of our scheme is compared with that of the conventional fast algorithm for H.264.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2000.10b
• /
• pp.260-262
• /
• 2000

MPEG-4에서는 다양한 객체를 취급하기 위하여 시스템 부분(Part1)이 차지하는 비중이 MPEG-1이나 MPEG-2에서 보다 훨씬 높아졌다. 이러한 MPEG-4의 시스템 부분을 구현한 참조 모델을 IM1이라고 한다. IM1에는 다양한 오디오/비디오(A/V) 객체를 수용하기 위하여 디코더 프레임워크를 마련하고, 어떤 A/V 객체든 이 프레임워크에 맞추어 디코더를 구현하면 IM1 프리젠터에서 플레이가 가능토록 하고 있다. 현재 IM1 버전 3.8에서는 H.263 비디오, G.723 오디오, JPEG 이미지, AAC 오디오를 지원하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 MPEG-4 비디오 디코더를 IM1 디코더 프레임워크를 맞추어 설계, 수정한 내용을 기술하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.355-355
• /
• 2002

In this paper, we designed a FPU(floating point unit) that it is very important and requires of high density when digital audio is designed. Almost audio system must support the multi-channel and required for high quality. A floating point arithmetic function in MPEG-2 AAC that implemented by hardware is able to realtime decoding when DSP realization. The reason is that MPEG-2 AAC is compatible to the Audio field of MPEG-4 and afterwards. We designed a FPU by hardware to increase the speed of a floating point unit with much calculation part in the MPEG-2 AAC Decoder. A FPU is composed of a multiplier and an adder. A multiplier used the Radix-4 Booth algorithm and an adder adopted 1's complement method for speed up. A form of a floating point unit has 8bit of exponent part and 24bit of mantissa. It's compatible with the IEEE single precision format and adopted a pipeline architecture to increase the speed of a processor. All of sub blocks are based on ISO/IEC 13818-7 standard. The algorithm is tested by C language and the design does by use of VHDL(VHSIC Hardware Description Language). The maximum operation speed is 23.2MHz and the stable operation speed is 19MHz.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.309-318
• /
• 2004

This paper proposes the H.264-based selective fine granular scalable (FGS) coding scheme that selectively uses the temporal prediction data in the enhancement layer. The base layer of the proposed scheme is basically coded by the H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC) visual coding scheme that is the state-of-art in codig efficiency. The enhancement layer is basically coded by the same bitplane-based algorithm of the MPEG-4 (Part 2) fine granular scalable coding scheme. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm that uses the temproal prediction mechanism inside the enhancement layer and the effective selection mechanism to decide whether the temporally-predicted data would be sent to the decoder or not. Whenever applying the temporal prediction inside the enhancement layer, the temporal redundancies may be effectively reduced, however the drift problem would be severly occurred especially at the low bitrate transmission, due to the mismatch bewteen the encoder's and decoder's reference frame images. Proposed algorithm selectively uses the temporal-prediction data inside the enhancement layer only in case those data could siginificantly reduce the temporal redundancies, to minimize the drift error and thus to improve the overall coding efficiency. Simulation results, based on several test image sequences, show that the proposed scheme has 1∼3 dB higher coding efficiency than the H.264-based FGS coding scheme, even 3∼5 dB higher coding efficiency than the MPEG-4 FGS international standard.