• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2014.07a
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• pp.329-330
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• 2014

This paper presents an analysis of the interleaved effects for the secondary winding distribution of a toroidal transformer. The equations to calculate the leakage inductance are derived using the MMF diagram for the distributed secondary windings. The simulation and experimental results are provided to show the effect of the leakage inductance reduction.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.191-194
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 무선망 개방을 맞이하여 각 이동통신사별로 상이한 오디오 형식들을 새로 제작하지 않고 자동 변환을 통해 기존 컨텐츠들을 그대로 재사용할 수 있는 오디오 변환 모듈에 대하여 연구하였다 본 연구에서 mid에서 mmf로의 변환, way에서 mmf로의 변환은 Yamaha사 툴들을 사용하였고, wav와 mp3간의 변환 작업은 Directshow 기술을 사용하였다. 본 연구 결과로 이동통신사간 상이한 벨소리의 자동 변환이 가능하게 되었고, 일반 오디오 형식인 way나 mp3의 mmf 변환이 가능하게 되었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.117-129
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• 1997

Recently, combined with social complexity, increment of medical demand and supply and the change of esthetic category, admission and operation of the patients of facial deformity have been changed with annual change. This study was conducted in the concept of helping the overall character of orthognathic surgery in future understood and being an important index in the establishment of better treatment course, through the patient, on whom was operated orthognathic surgery via sagittal split ramal osteotomy in our Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital from 1991. 1. 1 to 1995. 12. 31. The results were obtained as follows. 1. The ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.33 and the ages between 16 and 25 year was 73.6%, and the mean age was 20.4 years. 2. The ratio of setback amount between 6 to 15mm was 84.6% and the advancement amount between 1 to 10mm was 89% and the mean amount of movement was 9.0mm in setback, and 3.6mm in advancement. 3. After removal of maxillomandibular fixation(MMF), the distinction of sex was not statistically significant in ROM. 4. The ROM following methods of fixation was statistically significant in 3rd(P<0.05), 8th, and 12th week(each P<0.01), with faster rehabilitation in rigid fixation which had shorter MMF period. 5. The rehabilitation of ROM following the operation methods was statistically significant in 1st(P<0.05), 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 12th week(each P<0.01) with faster rehabilitation in the case of SSRO than Lefort I / SSRO (Two jaw surgery). 6. The rehabilitation of ROM following directions of mandibular movement did not manifest a statistically significant difference in both setback and advancement.

• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.6.1-6.10
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• 2015

Fumaria indica Linn. (Syn: Fumaria parviflora, Fumariaceae) is a wildly grown weed, mentioned and recommended in classical Ayurvedic texts for treatments of variety of ailments including dermatological diseases, topical diseases, cardiovascular complaints, circulatory disease, fever and headache etc. The present pilot study was designed to experimentally verify the possibility that fumarates are the major bioactive principles of Fumaria indica extracts involved in their stress response modulating activities, and to estimate pharmacologicallyactive dose ranges of fumarates and standardized methanolic extract of Fumaria indica (MFI). Effect of single, 5 and 10 daily oral doses of pure fumaric acid (FA), monomethyl fumarate (MMF), dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and MFI was quantified in well validated rodent models viz. apomorphine induced cage climbing, stress induced hyperthermia, and elevated plus-maze tests. Obtained results reveal high efficacy of MFI and pure fumarates possess qualitatively analogous activity profiles in all the three tests. There were no significant difference in the potencies of pure FA, MMF and DMF in the three tests, whereas efficacy of MFI in the elevated plus maze test for anxiolytics was higher than in the other two tests. Efficacies of all the four test agents in all the three tests increased with increasing number of days of oral treatments. Results of these pilot experiments should be helpful for more rational selections of pharmacologically interesting dose ranges and treatment regimens of fumarates and Fumaria indica extracts for further more holistic explorations of their diverse therapeutic potentials.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.175-182
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• 2017

Noises are usually generated by various external causes and low quality devices in image data acquisition and recording as well as by channel interference in image transmission. Since these noise signals result in the loss of information, subsequent image processing is subject to the corruption of the original image. In general, image processing is performed in the mixed noise environment where common types of noise, known to be Gaussian and impulse, are present. This study proposes an iterative weighted mean filter for reducing mixed type of noise. Impulse noise pixels are first turned off in the input image, then $3{\times}3$ sliding window regions are processed by replacing center pixel with the result of weighted mean mask operation. This filtering processes are iterated until all the impulse noise pixels are replaced. Applied to images corrupted by Gaussian noise with ${\sigma}=10$ and different levels of impulse noise, the proposed filtering method improved the PSNR by up to 12.98 dB, 1.97 dB, 1.97 dB respectively, compared to SAWF, AWMF, MMF when impulse noise desities are less than 60%.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.283-294
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• 1992

Functional recovery associated with mouth opening after mandibular condyle fracture was a contradictory result of many authors. The treatment goal of condyle fracture has been not only the good reduction and fixation but also the rapid functional recovery with mouth opening capacity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mouth opening capacity after surgical or non-surgical treatment of condyle fracture according to the site, level, maxillomandibular fixation(MMF) and operation method based on 39 patents with condyle fracture who were admitted to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital from May.1, 1990 to Aug.31, 1992. The results were as follows. 1. The most common fracture site was level IV (17 cases : 42.2%) and level I (14 cases : 36.8%), level II (5 cases: 13.2%) and level III(3 cases : 7.9%) were in decreasing order of frequency. Compound fracture with symphysis was more frequent (69.2%) than simple fracture(30.8%). 2. The mouth opening capacity was increased in the level I compared with level IV. 3. The mouth opening capacity was increased in the group of segment removal. 4. The mouth opening capacity was increased in the MMF period was decreased. 5. Better mouth opening capacity was recorded in the physical therapy group of more than 3-4 weeks of treatment period.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2008

For solid organ transplant, ABO blood type of donor and recipient should be compatible in principle. Recent improvement of immunosuppressant made HLA typing not so important while no-mismatch transplant still shows the longest graft survival. PRA(panel reactive antibody) test is to screen and identify recipients with HLA sensitization. When solid organ transplant is scheduled, cross-match test of donor cell and recipient serum should be performed and positive result of cross-match prohibits transplantation. Donor specific antibody(DSA) test can predict the severity of recipient immune reaction against donor organ. Today's mainstay of allograft immunosuppressant regimen is triple therapy of steroid, calcineurin inhibitor(cyclosporine, tacrolimus), azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil(MMF). Antibody induction using Thymoglobulin or anti-IL-2 receptor antibody(basiliximab or daclizumab) is frequently practiced as well.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.33-45
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• 2012

Objectives: Recent data have revealed that the plasma concentration of inflammatory mediators is increased in the insulin-resistant states of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic and anti-obesity effect of Massa Medicata Fermentata on obese type 2 diabetes mice. Methods: In order to examine the effects of Massa Medicata Fermentata, obese type 2 diabetes mice induced by Surwit's high fat, high sucrose diet. Mice were divided into 4 groups of ND (normal diet), HFD (high fat and high sucrose diet), Met (high fat and high sucrose diet with metformin) and MMF (high fat and high sucrose diet with Massa Medicata Fermentata) and investigated over 8 weeks. Diabetic and obese clinical markers, including body weight, glucose level, lipid level, leptin concentration, epididymal fat pad and liver weights and adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) were determined. Results: Compared with the HFD group, body weight, fructosamine, triglyceride, epididymal fat pad weight and ATM were significantly reduced in the MMF group. Conclusions: From the above results, the intake of Massa Medicata Fermentata may be effective in anti-hyperglycemia and anti-obesity by the attenuation of glucose and lipid levels and also inflammation state. Massa Medicata Fermentata may be beneficial for controlling diabetes mellitus type 2 in humans.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.330-335
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• 2012

Brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) doesn't use brush and slip ring, and has advantages such as high system reliability, small capacity of its frequency converter, low system cost, adjustable power factor and speed, etc. At the same time, it has good applicable potentials on the variable frequency motors and the variable speed constant frequency generators. However, due to the complicacy and particularity of BDFM in the structure and operating mechanism, the effect of magnetic field modulation directly influences the operating efficiency of BDFM. To study the effect of different cage rotor structures on the magnetic field modulation of BDFM, the rotor magnetomotive force (MMF) of BDFM with cage rotor is studied by the analytical method. The components and features of rotor harmonic MMFs are discussed. At the same time, the method to weaken the higher harmonics is analyzed by the theoretic formulae. Furthermore, the magnetic field modulation mechanism is expounded on in detail and the relationship between the magnetic field modulation effect and the operating efficiency of BDFM is established. And then, a new method for estimating the magnetic field modulation effect is proposed. At last, the magnetic field modulation effects of four BDFM prototypes with different cage rotor structures are compared by the MMF analysis and the efficiency data of electromagnetic design. The results verify the effectiveness of the new method for estimating the magnetic field modulation effect of BDFM with cage rotor.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.297-300
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• 2014

Objectives: To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes after closed reduction (CR) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the management of subcondylar fractures. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight patients presenting with subcondylar fracture between January 2010 and March 2013 were evaluated retrospectively. Fifteen patients were treated with CR and 33 patients with ORIF. The clinical and radiologic parameters were evaluated during follow-up (mean, 7.06 months; range, 3 to 36 months). Results: In the CR group, no patients had any problems with regard to the clinical parameters. The average period of maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) was 5.47 days. The preoperative average tangential angulation of the fractured fragment was $3.67^{\circ}$, and loss of ramus height was 2.44 mm. In the ORIF group, no clinical problems were observed, and the average period of MMF was 6.33 days. The preoperative average tangential angulation of the subcondylar fragment was $8.66^{\circ}$, and loss of ramus height was 3.61 mm. Conclusion: CR provided satisfactory clinical results, though ORIF provided more accurate reduction of the fractured fragment. So there is no distinct displacement of fractured fragment, CR should be selected than ORIF because of no need for surgery.