• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.73-74
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 불평형 계통 전압환경에서 모듈형 멀티레벨 컨버터 기반의 고압 직류 송전시스템(MMC-HVDC, Modular Multilevel Converter - High Voltage Direct current)의 순환전류 제어를 위해 PI(Proportional Integral), PR(Proportional resonant), Deadbeat 제어를 적용하여 각 제어기 성능을 비교 검증 한다. 단상 지락 사고 (Single Line to Ground fault) 조건에서 순환 전류 제어 알고리즘을 검토하고, 발생되는 순환전류의 크기와 고조파 양상을 PSIM을 이용하여 시뮬레이션 검증을 하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.23-24
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• 2016

본 논문은 모듈러 멀티레벨 컨버터(MMC)에서 인버터로 사용할 경우 스위칭이 시작할 때, 과도상태에서 발생하는 돌입전류로 인해 시스템 제어의 불안전성을 야기한다. 따라서 이 전류를 저감하기 위해 제안한 등가회로 모델링, 제어를 MATLAB 시뮬레이션을 통하여 돌입전류에 대한 논의와 크기 저감을 확인하고자 한다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1746-1752
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• 2014

This paper presents an application of proportional-resonant (PR) current controllers in modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) system under unbalanced voltage conditions. The ac currents are transformed and controlled in the stationary reference frame (${\alpha}{\beta}$-frame). Thus, the complex analysis of the positive and negative sequence components in the synchronous rotating reference frame (dq-frame) is not necessary. With this control method, the ac currents are kept balanced and the dc-link voltage is constant under the unbalanced voltage fault conditions. The simulation results based on a detailed PSCAD/EMTDC model confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2015

This paper proposes the installation of a new modular multilevel converter based high-voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) system to connect between mainland and Jeju island power systems in Korea in 2020. The purpose is to combine with two old line-commutated converters (LCC)-based HVDC system to achieve a stability of the Jeju island power system. The operation of the overall system will be analyzed in three cases: (i) wind speed is variable, (ii) either one of the LCC-HVDC systems is shutdown because of a fault or overhaul, (iii) a short circuit fault occurs at the mainland side. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is confirmed by the simulation results based on a PSCAD/EMTDC simulation program.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.8
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• pp.1046-1054
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• 2014

In this paper, a hardware prototype for the 10kVA 11-level MMC was built and various experimental works were conducted to verify the operation algorithms of MMC. The hardware prototype was designed using computer simulation with PSCAD/EMTDC software. After manufactured in the lab, the hardware prototype was tested to verify the modulation algorithms to form the output voltage, the balancing algorithm to equalize the sub-module capacitor voltage, and the redundancy operation algorithm to improve the system reliability. The developed hardware prototype can be utilized for analyzing the basic operation and performance improvement of MMC according to the modulation and redundancy operation scheme. It also can be utilize to analyze the basic operational characteristics of HVDC system based on MMC.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2018

VSC technology is now well established in HVDC and is, in many respects, complementary to the older Line Commutated Converter (LCC) technology. Despite the various advantages of VSC technology, VSC HVDC stations have higher power losses than LCC stations. Although the relative advantages and disadvantages are well known within the industry, there have been very few attempts to quantify these factors on an objective basis. This paper describes methods to determine the operating losses of every component in the valve of VSC-HVDC system. The losses of the valve, including both conduction losses and switching losses, are treated in detail.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.31-32
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• 2017

모듈형 멀티레벨 컨버터(Modular Multilevel Converter, MMC) 토플로지는 HVDC 송전을 위한 전력변환 시스템 또는 전기추진 선박과 같은 대용량 시스템에 주로 사용된다. 본 논문은 MMC 시스템의 출력 전류 센서에서 전류 검출 과정 시, 발생 가능한 오차 성분의 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 전류 센서의 오차 성분을 일반화 하고, 이를 시뮬레이션을 통해 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.414-415
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• 2019

본 논문은 HVDC(High Voltage Direct Current)에 적용된 MMC(Modular Multilevel Converter)의 제어 알고리즘 개발을 위한 HILS(Hardware In the Loop Simulation)을 위한 모델링 및 HILS 시스템 구축 예를 보인다. 전력 계통, MMC, 풍력 발전 등의 HILS 적용 MATLAB/SIMULINK 모델 및 FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)를 이용한 제어기 개발 내용을 보인다. 시뮬레이션 모델과 FPGA 제어기를 이용하여 구축한 OPAL-RT 기반의 실험 결과를 보인다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2016

This paper proposed a new control method which is capable of controlling circulating current considering current capacity of switching device. In the unbalanced voltage conditions, active power and reactive power have double line frequency. Thus, in order to provide active power without ripple, it is necessary to inject the negative sequence current components. However, when the negative current components is injected, it increases the total current flowing in the Arm, and in the Sub-module(SM) the current more than rated is impressed, which leads to destroy the system. Also, in impressing the circulating current reference of each arm, conventional control method impressed applicable $i_{dck}/3$ in the case of balanced voltage conditions. In the case of unbalanced conditions, as arm circulating current of three phase show difference due to the power impressed to each arm, reference of each arm is not identical. In this study, in the case of unbalanced voltage, within permitted current, the control method to decrease the ripple of active power is proposed, through circulating current control and current limitations. This control method has the advantage that calculates the maximum active power possible to generate capacity and impressed the current reference for that much. Also, in impressing circulating current reference, a new control method proposes to impress the reference from calculating active power of each phase. The proposed control method is verified through the simulation results, using the PSCAD/EMTDC.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.319-328
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• 2016

In this study, we first briefly introduce the effect of circulating current control on the modulation signal of a modular multilevel converter (MMC). The maximum modulation index is also theoretically derived. According to the optimal modulation index analysis and the model in the continuous domain, different DC-side output impedance equivalent models of MMC with/without compensating component are derived. The DC-side impedance of MMC inverter station can be regarded as a series xR + yL + zC branch in both cases. The compensating component of the maximum modulation index is also related to the DC equivalent impedance with circulating current control. The frequency characteristic of impedance for MMC, which is observed from its DC side, is analyzed. Finally, this study investigates the prediction of the DC voltage ripple transfer between two-terminal MMC high-voltage direct current systems under unbalanced conditions. The rationality and accuracy of the impedance model are verified through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimental results.