• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2016

This research proposal is based on a novel non-contact technique of micro-sized bead injection process for fabrication of electronic paper display. This non-contact injection process is based on the principle of electrostatic force and uses micro-sized metal-coated beads dispersed in a solution. The dispersion retention times of three different solutions with viscosities of 10 cps, 100 cps, and 1000 cps were measured by optical equipment showing the retention times of 5 mins, 10 mins, and 30 mins respectively. The dispersion retention rate dropped as the time passed. The dispersion retention characteristic of 1000 cps solution was more stable as compared to those of 10 cps and 100 cps meaning that higher viscosity has better retention properties. The experimental results of bead injection at different viscosity levels of the solution were also measured and a stable injection result was achieved by using 1000 cps solution. This results show that stable injection is dependent on solution viscosity and dispersion.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.24-30
• /
• 2012

This study compared Ojeok-san (Wuji-san in Chinese) decoctions produced using different extraction methods for variable times. Decoctions were extracted in pressurized or non-pressurized conditions for 60, 120, and 180 mins. We investigated the Ojeok-san extract yield, the total soluble solid content, the hydrogen ion concentration (pH), and the reference compound content. The extract yield and the total soluble solid content were higher in decoctions produced by non-pressurized extraction; both were proportional to the extraction time. The pH tended to decrease as the extraction time was increased in decoctions produced using both methods. After 60 and 180 mins, the levels of albiflorin, paeoniflorin, nodakenin, naringin, and neohesperidin were significantly higher in decoctions extracted using the non-pressurized method compared with those extracted using the pressurized method. After 120 mins, only cinnamaldehyde was extracted in a greater amount in pressurized decoctions compared with non-pressurized decoctions. The levels of paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, nodakenin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, and glycyrrhizin increased with time in non-pressurized decoctions. This study showed that the use of pressurized and non-pressurized extraction methods for different times affected the composition of Ojeoksan (Wuji-san) decoctions.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.56-68
• /
• 2001

Objective : Functional brain mapping study on acupuncture stimulation using the [14C]2-deoxyglucose([14C]2-DG) autoradiography provides quantitative data and visualized pathway in central nervous system(CNS). We aimed to investigate the neural pathway and spatial distribution of metabolic activity elicited in CNS on electroacupuncture stimulation using [14C]2-DG autoradiography. Methods : The study were divided into three groups by stimulation times. 45-mins stimulation group according to Sokoloffs method, 5-mins stimulation group according to Duncun's method, and 15-mins stimulation group. ;A venous catheter was equipped into right jugular vein. The rats (Sprague-Dawley rats, 230-260g) were kept fastened loosely on a holding platform without anesthesia. Electroacupuncture stimulation (5 ms, 2 Hz, 1~3 mA) were applied on the left Zusanli (ST36) acupoint and [14C]2-DG ($25{\mu}Ci/rat$) injection was performed through the catheter. After sacrifice, the brain and the spinal cord were made to sections for film image. The film images were digitalized as the isotope concentration based upon comparison of optical densities with that of the standards and normalized by the optical density of corpus callosum. Results : 1. 15-mins stimulation group was most effective among 3 experiments. 2. On 15-mins stimulation group, medial geniculate nucleus, intetpeduncular nucleus intermedius, ventral periolivary nucleus, caudal periolivary nucleus, medial superior olive, lateral paragigantocellular nucleus, including hypothalamic arcuate nucleus were increased by more than 25% (at least, p<0.05) by electroacupuncture stimulation. 3. Especially, the metabolism in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus was increased by 90% (p<0.05). 4. The fact that arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus might play a role of interconnection area between ascending and descending pathway of acupuncture stimulation was demonstrated visually. Conclusions : Advanced study on electroacupuncture stimulation elicited significant increase of metabolic activity in various nuclei of hypothalamus will provide the important experimental basis in research of the relationship between electroacupuncture stimulation and internal visceral functions.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2001.06c
• /
• pp.199-202
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we proposed and analyzed a new class of irregular fault-tolerant multistage interconnection network named as Extended-QT(Quad Tree) network. E-QT network is extended QT network. A unique path MIN usually is low hardware complexity and control algorithm. So we proposes a class of multipath MIN which are obtained by adding self-loop auxiliary links at the a1l stages in QT(Quad Tree) networks so that they can provide more paths between each source-destination pair. The routing of proposed structure is adaptived and is based by a routing tag. Starting with the routing tag for the minimum path between a given source-destination pair, routing algorithm uses a set of rules to select switches and modify routing tag. Trying the self-loop auxiliary link when both of the output links are unavailable. If the trying is failure, the packet discard. In simulation, an index of performance called reliability and cost are introduced to compare different kinds of MINs. As a result, the prouosed MINs have better capacity than 07 networks.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.1941-1948
• /
• 2000

Multistage interconnection networks (MINs) have been recognized as an efficient interconnection network for high-performance computer systems and also have been recently identified to be effective for a switching fabric of new communication structures - gigabit ethernet switch, terabit router, and ATM (asynchronous transfer mode). While lots of models analyzing the performance of MINs have been proposed, they are either inaccurate or, even if accurate, very complex for the analysis. In this paper, we propose an extremely simple mode for evaluating the multibuffered MIN with small clock cycles based on the approximation approach. Comprehensive computer simulation shows that the proposed model is very accurate in terms of the throughput and mean delay. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the computing overhead due to its simplicity.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.5 no.5
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2004

In this paper, a more accurate model than any other ones so far have been proposed for the performance evaluation of muntibuffered banyan-type Multistage Interconnection Networks(MINs)'s under nonuniform traffic condition is obtained. Small clock cycle instead of big clock cycle is used to improve the performance. The accuracy of the proposed model is conformed by comparing with the results from simulation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2002

In parallel application programs with a localized communication, even if the MINs have lour diameters, overall system performance degrades when compared to the hypercube and tree structure. The reason is that it is impossible for MINs to provide some mechanisms for clustering to exploit the locality of reference. However proposed MIN can be constructed suitable for localized communication by providing the shortcut path and multiple paths inside the processor-memory duster which has frequent data communications. Therefore proposed MIN achieves enhanced performance in parallel application program with a localized communication.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.64 no.12
• /
• pp.1742-1747
• /
• 2015

An improved transfer alignment method for a strap-down inertial navigation system (SDINS) is presented here. The alignment accuracy in conventional method is vulnerable to the data latency of a Master INS (MINS) in high maneuverable platforms. We propose a time delay compensation equation considering higher-order terms in the attitude measurement equation of the Kalman filter. The equation incorporates additional information including angular rate, angular acceleration and linear acceleration from the MINS. Simulation results show that the transfer alignment accuracy is significantly improved in the high dynamic environment by incorporating the latency compensation technique.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.60-74
• /
• 2023

Integration of the machine learning (ML) technique in all-optical networks can enhance the effectiveness of resource utilization, quality of service assurances, and scalability in optical networks. All-optical multistage interconnection networks (MINs) are implicitly designed to withstand the increasing highvolume traffic demands at data centers. However, the contention resolution mechanism in MINs becomes a bottleneck in handling such data traffic. In this paper, a select list of ML algorithms replaces the traditional electronic signal processing methods used to resolve contention in MIN. The suitability of these algorithms in improving the performance of the entire network is assessed in terms of injection rate, average latency, and latency distribution. Our findings showed that the ML module is recommended for improving the performance of the network. The improved performance and traffic grooming capabilities of the module are also validated by using a hardware testbed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2018

In this study, the International Maritime Organization (IMO)'s guideline MEPC. 277 (64) was developed and evaluated for the removal efficiency of T-N in a SBR and MBR combined process. This combined process of resized equipment based on large capacity water treatment device for a protection of marine aquatic life. In this experiment, T-N concentration of influent and effluent was measured through with the artificial wastewater. The SBR reactor operation time was varied according to the C : N : P ratios so that different conditions for mixing and aeration period in mins (90 : 60, 80 : 40, 70 : 50) and two C: N: P ratios (10 : 5 : 3, 10 : 3 : 1) were used. During experiment in the reactor's aeration and anoxic tank DO concentrations were 3 mg/L and 0.2 mg/L respectively. Furthermore, in the reactor MLSS concentration was 2000 mg/L and flowrate was 2 L/hr. Experiment results showed that C : N : P, 10 : 3 : 1 ratio with 90 mins mixing and 60 mins aeration maximized removal efficiency at 97.3% T-N as compared to other conditions. The application of the SBR and MBR combined process showed efficient results.