• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.240-245
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 해상용 경유의 희석량에 따른 선박용 윤활유의 점도 및 전단응력의 변화 등 유변학적 거동에 대한 연구를 하였다. 연료희석에 의한 윤활유의 점도감소는 피스톤링 및 라이너의 마모로 인한 엔진내구성을 저하키는 중요한 요소이다. 연구에 사용된 윤활유는 고유황 경유(황함유량 0.05 %)를 3 %, 6 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %로 희석하여 magnetic stirrer를 이용, 혼합하여 제조하였다. 측정온도는 $-10^{\circ}C{\sim}80^{\circ}C$ 범위로 설정하고, 점도 및 전단응력 변화는 회전점도계인 Brookfield Viscometer를 이용하여 측정하였다. 윤활유에 해상용 경유의 희석량이 증가할수록 점도 및 전단응력이 감소하며, 이것은 상대적으로 낮은 점도의 해상용 경유가 윤활유에 희석됨에 따라 윤활유의 점도 및 전단응력이 낮아지기 때문이다. 특히, 저온($0{\sim}-10^{\circ}C$)에서는 점도 및 전단응력이 급격이 낮아지다가, $40^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 점도 및 전단응력 감소가 해상용 경유 희석량의 영향을 거의 받지 않는다. 온도가 높아짐에 따라, 윤활유의 점도 및 전단응력 감소는 윤활유의 뉴턴유체 거동을 보이는 것을 확인했다. 경유의 혼입에 의한 점도감소로 선박의 엔진마모를 촉진할 수 있으므로 엔진의 내구성 향상을 위해 윤활유의 주기적인 관리가 필요하다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.1080-1088
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• 2008

This paper addresses some concerns faced by the shipping industry nowadays. Initially, the environmental issues were resolved and stricter regulations are now being implemented with regards to the exhaust gas, specifically nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx), emitted from ships. Secondly, with the increasing and unstable cost of fuel oils in the world market, it has become almost a necessity to explore on a new alternative fuel. Hence, this study was conducted. An experiment was carried-out on a fishing survey vessel with the main engine (M/E) and generator engine (G/E) operated on expensive marine gas oil (MGO). During the experiment, two pre-refinery systems were installed and different fuel oil samples were employed for the M/E and the G/E. Furthermore, the NOx emission and soot concentration were monitored and verified. The results confirmed the compatibility of some fuel oil types to the engines and meeting the emission standards. MDO, MF15 and Bunker A can be used in place of MGO for the engines(M/E, G/E).

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.890-897
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• 2021

최근 선박용 연료유에 대한 황 함유량 규제를 준수하기 위해 저유황유의 수요가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 저유황유를 공급하는 시기, 지역, 회사 별로 그 품질이 상이함에 따라 선내 연료유 저장탱크에서는 과도한 슬러지가 발생하는 등 혼합 안정성에 대한 문제가 제기되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 초음파의 캐비테이션 현상을 이용하여 저유황유의 품질 향상을 하고자 하였다. 선내 저장 탱크에서 이종의 연료유가 혼합되는 상황을 모사하기 위해 두 가지 종류의 저유황유(황 함유량 0.5 % 이하 MGO, MDO)를 혼합하여 시료유로 사용하였다. 원료유와 50 wt.% 씩 혼합한 시료유를 120분 동안 초음파 처리하였으며, 40분 주기로 채취된 샘플은 GC/MS 분석을 수행하여 초음파 조사 시간에 따른 시료유의 조성 변화를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 초음파의 캐비테이션 효과로 인하여 화학결합이 깨지면서 MGO 내 존재하는 고분자량 화합물의 감소와 저분자량의 화합물 증가가 관찰되었다. MDO와 혼합유의 경우, 초음파 조사 후 저분자 화합물에 대한 상대 존재비의 부분적 증가가 관찰되었지만 시간과 상대 존재비 사이의 상관관계는 관찰되지 않았다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2019

It is important that an MGO Chiller System, which is one of the sulfur oxide emission control technologies, is designed to meet the fuel temperature requirements, even with sudden engine load changes. Three different control algorithms (PI, Cascade, and MPC) were applied to an indirect MGO chiller system to compare and analyze the outlet temperature dynamic characteristics of the system through a case study. The results showed that the MPC control method had the best temperature following characteristics in the case study, and the temperature deviation range was reduced by approximately 5% compared to the PI control method.

• 선박안전
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• 통권27호
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• pp.2-14
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• 2009

In these days, oil cost is about 70 US dollars, but, on the day of July. 2008, it was over 140 US dollars. This coast led fisheries industry to increasement of operating coast and made public problems such as non-operation of fishing boats and lockout of the related factories. Thus this paper studies the way to use cheap fuel in order to reduce the fuel cost. Normally fishing boat use Marine Gas Oil. this study explains to use blended oil such as MF 60, 100, 180 instead of MGO.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2018

With growing concerns over air pollutions attributed to shipping activities, the international maritime organization has enacted a series of stringent regulations. In particular, MARPOL Annex IV Reg. 16 requires sulfur contents from exhaust gases of marine engines to be progressively reduced. To comply with this regulation, three feasible options have been introduced: using LNG as a marine fuel, using heavy fuel oil with the scrubber system, and using the marine gas oil (a type of low sulfur fuel oil). For the objectives of this paper, the holistic environmental impacts pertinent to these options were investigated and compared in ways that the flows of energy and emission were tracked and quantified through the life cycle of the ship. Research findings obtained from a case study with a large bulk carrier showed that the use of the scrubber system to purify heavy fuel oil would produce relatively fewer amounts of emissions attributing to global warming than other two options. On the other than, the use of LNG would be the way to operate the ship in a cleaner way in terms of reducing the acidification, eutrophication, and photochemical effects. Throughout the analysis, the excellence of life cycle assessment was proven to shift the environmental impact of marine systems from the short-term view to the long-term one.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.651-658
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• 2018

Particulate matter (PM) emitted from fossil fuel-combustion facilities can be classified as either filterable or condensable PM. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defined condensable PM as material that is in the phase of vapor at the stack temperature of the sampling location which condenses, reacts upon cooling and dilution in the ambient air to form solid or liquid in a few second after the discharge from the stack. Condensable PM passed through the filter media and it is typically ignored. But condensable PM was defined as a component of primary PM. This study investigates the change of condensable PM according to the variation in the sulfur dioxide of combustion gas. Domestic oil boilers were used as the source of emission ($SO_2$) and the level of $SO_2$ concentration (0, 50, 80, and 120 ppm) was adjusted by diluting general light oil and marine gas oil (MGO) that contains sulfur less than 0.5%. Condensable PM was measured as 2.72, 6.10, 8.38, and $13.34mg/m^3$ when $SO_2$ concentration in combustion gas were 0, 50, 80, and 120 ppm respectively. The condensable PM tended to increase as the concentration of $SO_2$ increased. Some of the gaseous air pollutants emitted from the stack should be considered precursors of condensable PM. The gas phase pollutants which converted into condensable PM should reduced for condensable PM control.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.358-366
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• 2023

Due to the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) environmental regulations on NOx and SOx, LNG-fueled eco-friendly ships are gaining attention worldwide, and various eco-friendly ships are being proposed and demanded for conversion to eco-friendly ships in Korea, as the eco-friendly ship law has recently been enforced. In this study, the initial basic design was performed to convert an existing Marine Gas Oil (MGO) fueled ship into an LNG-DF propulsion ship, targeting medium-sized ship, to select the fuel tank capacity and main dimensions and appropriate fuel ratio between the two fuels. In particular, Sustainable basic design method considering environmental impact were proposed by performing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) throughout the design process, and various design options were compared and analyzed to meet different design conditions by applying them.