• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.689-698
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the diversity of food intake and nutrient intake among Korean college students participating in a nutrition education class via the internet. The subjects were 796 college students throughout South Korea (278 males, 518 females). A 3 days dietary recall survey was conducted and results were analyzed using the Computer-aided Nutritional Analysis Program. Dietary variety was assessed by DDS (dietary diversity score), MBS (meal balance score), and DVS (dietary variety score). Dietary quality was assessed by NAR (nutrient adequacy ratio), and MAR (mean adequacy ratio). As the DDS, MBS and DVS increased, the NAR and MAR improved. The subjects with a DDS of above 4 or a MBS of above 10 or a DVS of above 11 met two-thirds of the Korean recommended dietary allowance for most nutrients. The DDS, MBS and DVS correlated positively and significantly with the NAR and MAR. Associations between the NAR and high levels of DVS were more positive than those between the NAR and the DDS. Based on these results, the food intake of these subjects was not adequate. Specially, the dietary intake of calcium and iron were not adequate. Therefore, dietary guidelines should be made considering nutritional characteristics so as to improve the intake from all of the major food groups and provide a variety of foods in their diets.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.186-195
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• 2020

Software-defined networking (SDN) acts as a centralized management unit, especially in a network with devices that operate under the transport layer of the OSI model. However, when a network with layer 7 middleboxes (MBs) is considered, current SDNs exhibit limitations. As such, to achieve a real-centralized management unit, a new architecture is required that decouples the data and control planes of all network devices. In this report, we propose such a complementary architecture to the current SDN in which SDN-enabled MBs are included along with contemporary SDN-enabled switches. The management unit of this architecture improves network performance and reduces routing cost by considering the status of the MBs during flow forwarding. This unit consists of the following two parts: an SDN controller (SDNC) and a middlebox controller (MBC). The latter selects the best MBs for each flow and the former determines the best path according to its routing algorithm and provides information via the MBC. The results show that the proposed architecture improved performance because the utilization of all network devices including MBs is manageable.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.795-798
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• 2002

In this investigation, experimental attempts were made to observe and determine the variations in elastic of the PVC depending on the amounts of MBS added to the mixture, PVC/MBS, and also on the thicknesses of the specimens. An acoustic resonance technique was used for the tests in this investigation. It serves as a method to characterize properties of materials set in vibrational motions, which is initiated by low level stresses generated by externally supplied acoustic energy. Substantial variations were observed in the test results with the addition of the MBS to the PVC. It was found that the magnitudes of elastic constants decrease when MBS rubber was added in the range up to 9 phr and the shape factor effect in torsional vibration is more significant than the shape factor effect in flexural vibration.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10b
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• pp.12-14
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• 2005

In this paper, we proposed an temporal error concealment (EC) using the proposed boundary matching method and the adaptive block matching method. The proposed boundary matching method improves the spatial correlation of the macroblocks (MBs) by reusing the pixels of the concealed MB to estimate a motion vector of a error MB. The adaptive block matching method inspects the horizontal edge and the vertical edge feature of a error MB surroundings, and it conceals the error MBs in reference to more stronger edge feature. This improves video quality by raising edge connection feature of the error MBs and the neighborhood MBs. In particular, we restore a lost MB as the unit of 8${\times}$16 block or 16${\times}$8 block by using edge feature from the surrounding macroblocks. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm gives better results than the conventional algorithms from a subjective and an objective viewpoint.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.219-231
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• 2004

The Charpy and Izod impact tests are the most prevalent techniques used to characterize the effects of high impulse loads on polymeric materials. An analysis method for rubber toughened PVC is suggested to evaluated critical dynamic strain energy release rates(G$_c$) from the Charpy impact tester was used to extract ancillary information concerning fracture parameters in additional to total fracture energies and maximum critical loads. The dynamic stress intensity factor KID was computed for varying amounts of rubber contents from the obtain maximum critical loads and also toughening effects were investigated as well. The fracture surfaces produced under low velocity impact for PVC/MBS composites were investigated by SEM. The results show that MBS rubber is very effective reinforcement material for toughening PVC.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.1525-1535
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• 2008

High Altitude Platform (HAP) based networks deploy network infrastructures of Mobile Base Station (MBS) in a form of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) at stratosphere in order to build network configuration. The ultimate goal of HAP based network is a wireless network service for wide area by deploying multiple MBS for such area. In this paper we assume multiple UAVs over designated area and solve the MBS placement and coverage problem by clustering the mobile ground nodes. For this study we assumed area around Cheju island and nearby naval area where multiple mobile and fixed nodes are deployed and requires HAP based networking service. By simulation, visual results of stratospheric MBS placement have been presented. These results include clustering, MBS placement and coverage as well as dynamic reclustering according to the movement of mobile ground nodes.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.17C no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2010

HAP(High Altitude Platform) is a stationary aerial platform positioned in the stratosphere between 17Km and 22Km height and it could act as an MBS (Mobile Base Station). HAP based Network has advantages of both satellite system and terrestrial communication system. In this paper we study the deploy of multiple HAP MBS that can provides efficient communication for users. For this study, EM(Expectation Maximization) clustering algorithm is used to cluster terrestrial mobile nodes. The object of this paper is improving EM algorithm into the clustering algorithm for efficiency in variety aspects considering distance between mobile terminal units and speed of mobile terminal units, and estimating performance of HAP MBS deploy technique with use of improved EM algorithm using RWP (Random Waypoint) node mobility.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.387-396
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• 2021

Objective: To identify optimal areas for the insertion of extra-alveolar miniscrews into the infrazygomatic crest (IZC) and mandibular buccal shelf (MBS), using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging in patients with different craniofacial patterns. Methods: CBCT reconstructions of untreated individuals were used to evaluate the IZC and MBS areas. The participants were divided into three groups, based on the craniofacial pattern, namely, brachyfacial (n = 15; mean age, 23.3 years), mesofacial (n = 15; mean age, 19.24 years), and dolichofacial (n = 15; mean age, 17.79 years). In the IZC, the evaluated areas were at 11, 13, and 15 mm above the buccal cusp tips of the right and left first molars. In the MBS, the evaluated areas were at the projections of the first molars' distal roots and second molars' mesial and distal roots, at a 4- and 8-mm distance from the cementoenamel junction. Intergroup comparisons were performed with analysis of variance and the Tukey test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the IZC bone thickness among the groups. For MBS bone availability, some comparisons revealed no difference; meanwhile, other comparisons revealed increased MBS bone thickness in the brachyfacial (first molars distal roots) and dolichofacial (second molars mesial and distal roots) patterns. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the IZC bone thickness among the groups. The facial skeletal pattern may affect the availability of ideal bone thickness for the insertion of extra-alveolar miniscrews in the MBS region; however, this variability is unlikely to be clinically meaningful.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the mandibular buccal shelf (MBS) in terms of the angulation and bone depth and thickness according to sex, age, and sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns in a Colombian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Accordingly, the optimal site for miniscrew insertion in this area was determined. Methods: This descriptive, retrospective study included 64 hemi-arches of 34 patients. On CBCT images, the angulation, buccal bone depth (4 and 6 mm from the cementoenamel junction [CEJ] of MBS), and buccal bone thickness (6 and 11 mm from the CEJ of MBS) were measured at the mesial and distal roots of the mandibular first and second molars. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the angulation, depth, and thickness of MBS between male and female patients. The values for the bone around the distal root of the mandibular second molar were significantly greater than the other values. The osseous characteristics were significantly better in participants aged 16-24 years. Class III patients exhibited the best osseous characteristics, with the bone depth at 6 mm being significantly different from that in Class I and Class II patients. Although values tended to be greater in patients with low angles, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: MBS provides an optimal bone surface for miniscrew insertion, with better osseous characteristics at the distal root of the mandibular second molar, 4 mm from CEJ. Adolescent patients, Class III patients, and patients with a low angle exhibit the most favorable osseous characteristics in the MBS area.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

This paper proposes a small cell resource partitioning allocation method to solve interference to machine type communication devices (MTCD) and improve performance in 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNet) where macro base station (MBS) and many small cell base stations (SBS) are overlaid. In the 5G HetNet, since various types of MTCDs generate data traffic, the load on the MBS increases. Therefore, in order to reduce the MBS load, a cell range expansion (CRE) method is applied in which a bias value is added to the received signal strength from the SBS and MTCDs satisfying the condition is connected to the SBS. More MTCDs connecting to the SBS through the CRE will reduce the load on the MBS, but performance of MTCDs will degrade due to interference, so a method to solve this problem is needed. The proposed small cell resource partitioning allocation method allocates resources with less interference from the MBS to mitigate interference of MTCDs newly added in the SBS with CRE, and improve the overall MTCD performace using separating resources according to the performance of existing MTCDs in the SBS. Through simulation results, the proposed small cell resource partitioning allocation method shows performance improvement of 21% and 126% in MTCDs capacity connected to MBS and SBS respectively, compared to the existing resource allocation methods.