• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2010

In this study, we analyzed ridge-runnel structure and ripple marks by using Envisat ASAR, JERS-1 SAR images and in-situ data in Mongsanpo intertidal flat located in Taean-Gun, Korea. A group of light-and-dark lines parallel to the shoreline, alternating 3-5 times, were observed in the intertidal flat in Envisat ASAR images. The patterns are related to ridge-runnel structure in the intertidal flat exposed to air. Well-drained runnels, typically with ripple marks, showed strong backscattering while runnels submerged by surface water or ridges, typically smooth with no ripple, have weak backscattering coefficients in Envisat ASAR images. In JERS-1 SAR images, however, the backscattering was very low on the entire intertidal flat and no ridge-runnel structure could be observed. The wavelengths of ripple marks measured from in-situ observations have ranges from 4 to 10 cm that satisfies the Bragg scattering condition of the 1st-order in Envisat ASAR images operating in C-band, but not in JERS-1 SAR that used L-band. Through this study using SAR images, we could successfully analyze the sedimentary conditions of intertidal flats with ridge-runnel and ripple marks which are not easily observed by optical sensors. It is expected that the results of this study with SAR images will contribute to the sedimentary research over intertidal flats.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Construction Safety
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2018

Construction accidents in Korea are continuously increasing. Safety signs with high visibility color can diminish such accidents in dangerous places. In order for safety color to be more effective as a global communication means in construction sites, it needs to be checked out whether safety color standard reflect the characteristics of construction industry such as worker or work environment. This paper compared safety color standards among Korea, the US, the UK, and Australia. First, blue color was included in all, which should be corrected considering aged workers increasing in construction industry. Because with age, the ability to distinguish between blue, purple, and gray colors decreases. Second, Korea, which has only single code designated to safety colors, should find alternatives like tolerance to be applicable to a variety of light environments on construction sites, as the contrast which affect the visibility may decrease in dark conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.417-418
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• 2018

미국 국립가뭄경감센터 (National Drought Mitigation Center, NDMC)는 다양한 가뭄지수를 통합하여 미국 전역의 가뭄진행상황을 모니터링하고 가뭄대응정책 수립을 위한 주요 의사결정정보로 활용하고 있다. 대표적으로 1999년에 개발되어 현재까지 운영 중인 미국가뭄모니터 (United States Drought Monitor, USDM)는 미국 전역에 대하여 가뭄단계를 표시한 지도 (U.S. Drought Monitor map)를 매주 생성하여 제공하고 있다 (http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/). 가뭄지표(drought index)는 가뭄의 현황과 시공간적인 전개 과정을 분석하고 정량적 가뭄심도 평가 및 가뭄대응계획 수립을 위한 도구로써 다양하게 개발되어 활용되고 있다. 가뭄의 정도를 정량화하기 위하여 개발된 다수의 가뭄지수는 대상과 평가방법에 따라 가뭄을 표현하는 특성이 서로 다르다. 하나의 가뭄지수로는 가뭄특성을 온전히 표현하기 어렵기 때문에, 최근에는 단일 가뭄지수에 의존하기 보다는 다수의 가뭄지수를 이용하되, 여러 가뭄지수 간의 특징을 고려하여 각 가뭄지수가 갖는 장단점을 상호 보완하여 사용하기를 권고하고 있다. USDM은 파머가뭄심도지수 (Palmer Drought Severity Index, PDSI), Soil Moisture Model (NOAA Climate Prediction Center, CPC), 미 지리조사국의 하천유량 주간보고 (USGS Weekly Streamflow), 표준강수지수 (Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI) 등의 주요 가뭄판단지표를 선정하고, 가뭄판단의 기준으로써 각 가뭄지수의 가뭄심도 (drought severity) 및 백분위수 (percentiles)로 등급을 구분하였다. 가뭄등급은 '정상 상태 (none)'를 포함하여 '비정상적인 건조 (abnormally dry, D0)'에서 최악의 가뭄상태를 의미하는 '이례적인 가뭄상태 (exceptional, D4)'에 이르는 6 단계로 구분하고, 정상상태를 제외한 5 단계의 통합가뭄단계로 표시한다. 우리나라에서는 기상청, 수자원공사, 농어촌공사에서 기상/수문/농업관련 가뭄지수의 위험지도를 실시간으로 제공하고 있으며, 각 지표별로 상이한 기준으로 가뭄을 판단하고 있다. 각각의 가뭄지표에 대한 가뭄판단기준은 해당 국가의 장기적으로 축적된 자료를 활용하여 가뭄단계 및 가뭄판단기준의 재설정에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 SPI, SC-PDSI, 표준강수증발산지수 (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI), Evaporative Demand Drought Index (EDDI), 유효가뭄지수 (Effectvie Drought Index, EDI)의 다양한 가뭄지수를 활용하여 USDM의 가뭄심도 및 가뭄판단기준을 적용하고자한다.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.1-19
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• 2002

The use of herbals has increased considerably while their efficacy and safety remain untested. This unsupported surge in demand has prompted a call for their clinical evaluation. One area in which evaluations are emerging is ginseng and diabetes. Growing evidence is accumulating from in vitro and animal models indicating that various ginseng species, American (Panax quinquefolius L), Asian (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), Korean Red, San-chi (Panax notoginseng [Burk.] P.R. Chen), and the non-panax species Siberian (Eleutherococcus senticossus) ginsing, and their fractions, saponins (ginsenosides) and peptidoglycans (panaxans for panax species and eleutehrans for Siberian ginseng), might affect carbohydrate metabolism and related signaling molecules. Recent human studies from our laboratory have also shown a blood glucose lowering effect of American ginseng (AG) and some other ginseng spices postprandially after acute administration and chronically after administration for 8-weeks in people with type 2 diabetes. Although generally encouraging, these data only indicate a need for more evaluations of ginsengs safety and efficacy. Because of poor industry standardization, it is not known whether all ginsengs will affect blood glucose. In this regards some ginseng batches have demonstrated null effects while others have even raised postprandial glycemia. Clinical research should therefore focus on components involved in its glucose lowering effects.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2009

Keratin contains regulatory molecules that can enhance neuronal cell activity. We fabricated keratin/ PLGA films using 0, 10, 20, and 50 wt% of keratin using solvent casting method. We measured the contact angle of each film and cell proliferation was assayed by counting the cells attached on the film. Adhered cell morphology was confirmed by scanning electron microscope. RT-PCR was conducted to evaluate the gene expression of NF, NSE, and S-100, the Schwann cell markers. The keratin content of 20 and 50 wt% provided higher wettability than PLGA. The 20 wt% keratin was better in cell adhesion and proliferation of SCs than other keratin/PLGA films. The phenotypic stability of SC was maintained with the keratin content of 10 and 20 wt%.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.403-408
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• 2008

Keratin is the major structural fibrous protein providing outer covering such as wool, hair, and nail. Keratin is useful as natural protein. We developed the keratin loaded poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds (keratin/PLGA) for the possibility of the application of the tissue engineering using bone marrow mesenchymal (BMSCs). Keratin/PLGA (contents 0%, 10%, 20% and 50% of PLGA weight) scaffolds were prepared by solvent casting/salt leaching method. We characterized porosity, wettability, and water uptake ability, DSC of keratin/PLGA scaffold. We seeded BMSCs isolated from the femurs of rat into the inner core of the hybrid scaffold. Celluar viability were assayed by 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. We confirmed that keratin/PLGA scaffold is hydrophilic by wettability, and water uptake ability measurement results. In MTT assay results, cell viability in scaffolds impregnated 10 and 20 wt% of keratin were higher than other scaffolds. In conclusion, we suggest that keratin/PLGA scaffold may be useful to tissue engineering using BMSCs.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.122-125
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• 2004

Factor analysis is estimated using housewives's intention data in Seoul province. Rice consumers considered safety, high nutritive value, shape and cultivation region as important factors in buying rice. The factors of food safety are brand and quality certification mark. The differences of two housewife groups on safety factor are caused by residence type, employment existence and residence region. The marketing strategies for rice containing food safety target housewives living in apartment, Gang Nam region. Also selling extension for target consumers housewives should be employed.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.523-529
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• 2021

In this paper, we designed and developed an Emotional Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) processor. Multi-speaker emotional speech synthesis technology that can express multiple voice colors and emotional expressions have been developed, and we designed Emotional SSML by extending SSML for multiple voice colors and emotional expressions. The Emotional SSML processor has a graphic user interface and consists of following four components. First, a multi-speaker emotional text editor that can easily mark specific voice colors and emotions on desired positions. Second, an Emotional SSML document generator that creates an Emotional SSML document automatically from the result of the multi-speaker emotional text editor. Third, an Emotional SSML parser that parses the Emotional SSML document. Last, a sequencer to control a multi-speaker and emotional Text-to-Speech (TTS) engine based on the result of the Emotional SSML parser. Based on SSML which is a programming language and platform independent open standard, the Emotional SSML processor can easily integrate with various speech synthesis engines and facilitates the development of multi-speaker emotional text-to-speech applications.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.424-437
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and stigma of children and adolescents, and the message types for them in NPO's fundraising advertisement videos in Korea. The subjects are 152 children and adolescents in 147 videos from seven major non-profit organizations. The analysis tools were constructed based on prior studies, and it was carried out after preliminary study. The results are as follows. First, the characteristics of children and adolescents indicated that the ratio of children and infants, main-role, poverty situation, one-parent family, and ward-role appeared the most. Second, 'general' was the highest in the stigma format, and 'hazard' and 'mark' was high in the challenge format. Third, the stigma message was the highest in message type. Finally, as of 2014, the ratio of stigma message and value-exclusion message increased, and the ratio of challenge message and mixed message decreased. The research suggests that a paradigm shift in the format of NPO's typical fundraising advertisement videos is necessary, as the videos may not protect the human rights of children and adolescents and may have negative effects such as stigma.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2019

Computing the sea level slope at the BM(Bench Mark) in the coast areas around the Korean Peninsula is important for establishing height of BM of the Korean geodetic leveling network. In this study, MSL(Mean Sea Level) was recalculated with the long-term tide observation data based on the IHO(International Hydrographic Organization) standard(18.6 years), and the BM height was reanalyzed by precision leveling. The sea surface topography was analyzed by leveling at Mokpo(Mokpo Starting Point), Busan (09-00-00) and Mukho(20-26-00) BMs, and the sea level slope was computed based on the Korean vertical origin point. As a result of this study, the sea level slope of the west and east coasts between Incheon(-2.27cm) and Mukho(17.56cm) located at $37.5^{\circ}N$ was analyzed as 19.83cm. Domestic geodesists and oceanologists have confronted each other with regard to the issue of latitudinal changes in long term MSL. In the west coast, the Mokpo is 1.12cm higher than Incheon, and the Busan is 2.18cm higher than Mukho. Therefore, the west and east coasts have been analyzed as sea level slope rising to the south. It can be used to solve the reestablishment of the Korean geodetic leveling network and the problem of the elevation discrepancy in the BM.