• 한국패류학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1990

The occurrence of the larvae, the size of the spats daily attached to the collectors, the difference of the spat size with temperature, and the darly growth of a mussel, Mytilus edulis, were investigated at the off Songpo, Chinhae Bay, the southern part of Korea during the period from March 1 to August 30 in 1986. The water timperature and specific gravity ranged from 7.0 $^{\circ}C$ to 27.4$^{\circ}C$ (mean 17,24$\pm$5.9$0^{\circ}C$), and from 1.0126 to 1.0126(mean, 1.0242$\pm$0.0023), respectively. D-shaped larvae had two peak occurrences in March 8, April 19, Umbo-shaped larvad three peaks in March 8, April 21 and June 17, and full grown larvae two peaks in May 13 and June 23, respectively. Therefore, it is assumed that the mussel had two mass spawning time in early March and mid April and two mass settling time in mid May and alte June. The maximum size of the planktonic mussel larvae ranged from 375-400${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and most larvae sizing below 300${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ long settled in adquate substrate. Spats just after settlement had the range from 26.5 to 547.3${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ with the minimum of 225.0 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in mean shell length. The spats settled in summer season, when the water temperature raised above $25^{\circ}C$, were smaller than those settled in spring season in mean shell length. The early growth of the mussel spat had been assumed considerably fast.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.7.1-7.6
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• 2016

In nature, marine mussels (Mytilus edulis) suffer less fouling colonization on the newly formed sides of their shells. Using settlement assays with algal spores of Porphyra suborbiculata, we determined that spore attachment and germination on the periostracum decreased to 36.8 and 3.3 %, respectively. Additionally, the spore settlement was considerably diminished by periostracum dichloromethane extracts containing 19 % oleamide, a major antifouling compound. A scanning electron micrograph of the surface revealed a regular ripple structure with approximately $1.4{\mu}m$ between ripples. Based on these results, mussel periostraca or their associated biomimetic materials may become environmentally friendly, antifouling agents for preventing the settlement of soft foulants.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.348-353
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• 2019

Soluble epoxide hydrolases (sEH) are enzymes present in all living organisms, metabolize epoxy fatty acids to 1,2-diols. sEH in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids plays a key role in inflammation. In addition, the endogenous lipid mediators in cardiovascular disease are also broken down to diols by the action of sEH that enhanced cardiovascular protection. In this study, sEH inhibitory guided fractionation led to the isolation of five phenolic compounds trans-resveratrol (1), trans-piceatannol (2), sulfuretin (3), (+)-balanophonin (4), and cassigarol E (5) from the ethanol extract of the seeds of Passiflora edulis Sims cultivated in Vietnam. The chemical structures of isolated compounds were determined by the interpretation of NMR spectral data, mass spectra, and comparison with data from the literature. The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitory activity of isolated compounds was evaluated. Among them, trans-piceatannol (2) showed the most potent inhibitory activity on sEH with an IC₅₀ value of 3.4 μM. This study marks the first time that sulfuretin (3) was isolated from Passiflora edulis as well as (+)-balanophonin (4), and cassigarol E (5) were isolated from Passiflora genus.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.650-655
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• 2017

Extraction methods for cultured sea mussels Mytilus edulis and the quality characteristics of resulting extracts were investigated. The crude protein, carbohydrate and volatile basic nitrogen content of raw sea mussels was 15.2%, 1.9%, and 11.2 mg/100 g, respectively. Extracts were prepared using three different methods: hot-water extract (WE), scrap enzymatic hydrolysate extraction (SE), and complex extraction (CE). The respective extracts contained 5.5%, 8.6%, and 6.6% crude protein; 281.7, 366.0, and 343.0 mg/100 g amino nitrogen,: and 2.0%, 1.1% and 1.8% salinity. Their extraction yields were 689, 323, and 1,012 mL/kg. The CE method was superior to the traditional WE method in terms of extraction yield, amino-nitrogen content, and organoleptic qualities, but not odor. Active taste components were evaluated and the total free amino acid content of the WE and CE methods was 5,667.0 and 7,006.3 mg/100 g, respectively. The concentrations of major components (for WE and CE methods, respectively) were as follows: glutamic acid (1,244.0 and 955.4 mg/100 g), taurine (987.9 and 746.8 mg/100 g), glycine (721.2 and 847.0 mg/100 g), alanine (341.9 and 423.8 mg/100 g), arginine (265.5 and 376.5 mg/100 g), lysine (199.8 and 270.4 mg/100 g), and proline (253.9 and 220.3 mg/100 g). In conclusion, these results demonstrate that there is potential for using the CE method to expand the commercial utilization of sea mussels as a flavoring substance resource.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.3859-3862
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• 2013

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.14-28
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• 2003

2001년 6월 광양만의 38개 조사정점에서 출현한 대형저서동물은 총 154종이었고, 평균 서식밀도는 1,286 개체/$m^2$였다. 다모류가 출현종수와 개체수에서 가장 우점한 동물분류군이었고, 주요 우점종은 다모류의 Tharyx sp.(44.8%), Lumbrineris longifolia(14.0%), 이매패류의 Mytilus edulis(6.5%), 단각류의 Corophium sinense(4.5%), 다모류의 Heteromastus filiformis(3.6%), Sigambra tentaculata(1.7%)등이었다. 광양만의 묘도 서쪽에 위치한 정점들에서 종 수와 개체수가 적었고, 광양만의 주수로역에서 풍부한 생물상을 보였다. 군집분석결과 7개 정점군으로 구분될 수 있었으며, 광양만의 서부해역은 환경교란에 의해 종조성에 차이를 보이는 다양한 저서생물군집으로 구성되어 있었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2016

Background: Mussels are stubborn organisms attached to solid substrata by means of byssus threads. The abundance of marine mussel Mytilus edulis in marine facilities like power stations was reason to select among fouling animals. Methods: Mortality patterns as well as physiological behavior (oxygen consumption, foot activity, and byssus thread production) of two different size groups (14- and 25-mm shell length) of M. edulis were studied at different hydrogen peroxide concentrations ($1-4mg\;l^{-1}$). Results: Studied mussels showed progressive reduction in physiological activities as the hydrogen peroxide concentration increased. Mussel mortality was tested in 30 days exposure, and 14 mm mussels reached the highest percentage of 90% while 25 mm mussels reached 81%. Produced data was echoed by Chick-Watson model extracted equation. Conclusions: This study points that, while it could affect the mussel mortality moderately in its low concentrations, hydrogen peroxide has a strong influence on mussels' physiological activities related to colonization. Therefore, hydrogen peroxide can be an alternative for preventing mussel colonization on facilities of marine environment.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2001년도 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.52-59
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• 2001

Methods to measure and estimate transpiration of a forest composed of evergreen broad-leaved trees (Pasania edulis Makino) are studied. Heat pulse velocity has been measured along with soil moisture and micrometeorological factors at the Fukuoka Experimental Forest, the Research Institute of Kyushu University Forests in Fukuoka, Japan (33$^{\circ}$38'N, 130$^{\circ}$31'E, alt. 75m). Tree cutting measurement was conducted to convert the heat pulse velocity into sap flow and transpiration. A big leaf model to calculate transpiration and Interception loss is examined and the estimated values are compared with the measured values obtained from the heat pulse measurement. The results show that 1) Pasania edulis Makino posessing radial pore structure had relatively high water content and high heat pulse velocity even within the central part of the stem near the pith, 2) the heat pulse velocity was well correspond to the water uptake in the tree cutting measurement, 3) the estimation of sap flow based on the heat pulse velocity is accurate, and 4) the big leaf model using the parameters obtained from measurement of a portable photosynthesis system in one day in summer gives reasonable estimation of transpiration independent of seasons and weather.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.272-277
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• 1998

근년에 내만성 굴양식장의 생산성이 저하함에 따라 대체종으로 미더덕과 횐멍게가 주목되면서 이 종들의 생태적 지위가 기존의 양식굴과 상충되는지 여부를 알아보기 위한 일련의 조사계획의 하나로서 여수율을 조사하였으며, 조사결과와 Kim (1995)의 양식굴의 여수율 ($\ast$)을 비교 검토하였다. 1. 폐쇄계에서 해수수온 $10^{\circ}C,\;15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C,\;29^{\circ}C$일때 시간에 따른 현탁색소의 제거율을 측정하고, Kim (1995)의 계산식을 사용하여 여수율을 계산하였다. 현탁색소는 neutral red를 사용하였으며, 22mm 흡수셀을 사용하여 440nm에서 초기흡광도 $0.25\~0.30$을 나타내는 농도를 사용하였다. 2. 여수율은 한시간동안 실험생물 1개체가 여수하는 양을 그 개체의 건조중량으로 나누어서 단위시간당 단위건조육중량당 여수량 (${\ell}/gDW/hr$)으로 산출하고, 이것이 개체 건조육중량과 수온에 의하여 받는 영향을 회귀경향식으로 해석하여, 종별 개체여수율 ($F,\;{\ell}/hr/animal$) 모형으로 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 4. 종별로 수확시의 수온과 개체 평균중량 자료를 사용하여 연승 1대 (100m)당 집단 여수율을 계산한 결과는 다음과 같았다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2006

본 연구는 약용 및 관상용 자원으로써 기대되는 산자고의 자생지 환경을 체계적으로 분석하여 재배법 및 생태적 특성에 대한 기초자료 제공을 위해 수행되었다. 자생지 환경은 해발 245 m, 방위는 남향, 자생지 면적은약 $49\;m^2$이고, 건조한 양지에서 자생하는 것으로 분석되었다. 관속식물상은 28과 59속 50종 11변종 1품종 등 총 62분류군이 확인되었고 자원식물상은 관상용 23종(37.1%), 식용 43종(69.4%), 약용 34종(54.8%), 기타용 29종(46.8%)으로 분류되었다. 토양요인 분석결과, 산도는 pH 4.9, 유기물함량 4.8%, 유효인산 3.6 mg/kg, 치환성 칼륨 $0.5\;cmol^{+}/kg$, 치환성 칼슘 $3.0\;cmol^{+}/kg$, 치환성 마그네슘 $0.8\;cmol^{+}/kg$, 양이온치환용량 $12.3\;cmol^{+}/kg$, 전기전도도 0.3 dS/m로 나타났다. 화학적 특성간 상관분석결과, 치환성 칼슘과 양이온치환용량이 높은 상관성을 보였다. 산자고의 생육특성은 초장 7.6cm, 엽폭 0.6 cm, 엽장 12.7cm, 화폭 2.8 cm, 화경장 5.4 cm, 엽록소량은 $34.7\;{\mu}g\;mg^{-1}$로 조사되었다. 생육특성간 상관분석 결과, 초장과 화경장이 높은 상관성을 보였다. 토양요인과 생육특성간 상관성 분석결과, 치환성 칼륨과 엽장이 높은 상관성으로 보였으나 이들의 관계는 부적 상관성으로 확인되었다. 생육모형 분석 결과, 엽폭과 치환성 칼륨의 설명력은 약 86.4%, 엽록소량과 치환성 칼륨은 약 83.7%였다.