• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.409-419
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• 2007

Database community focuses on the similar music retrieval systems for music database when a humming query is given. One of the approaches is converting the midi data to time series, building their indices and performing the similarity search on them. Queries based on humming can be transformed to time series by using the known pitch detection algorithms. The recently suggested algorithm, scaled and warped matching, is based on dynamic time warping and uniform scaling. This paper proposes Humming BIRD(Humming Based sImilaR mini music retrieval system) using sliding window and center-aligned scaled and warped matching. Center-aligned scaled and warped matching is a mixed distance measure of center-aligned uniform scaling and time warping. The newly proposed measure gives tighter lower bound than previous ones which results in reduced search space. The empirical results show the superiority of this algorithm comparing the pruning power while it returns the same results.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.106-112
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• 2017

This paper presents a mathematical model derived from the upper-bound theorem of concrete plasticity to rationally evaluate the shear friction strength of concrete interfaces with a construction joint. The upper limit of the shear friction strength was formulated from the limit state of concrete crushing failure on the strut-and-tie action along the construction joints to avoid overestimating the shear transfer capacity of a transverse reinforcement with a high clamping force. The present model approach proposed that the cohesion and coefficient of friction of concrete can be set to be $0.27(f_{ck})^{0.65}$ and 0.95, respectively, for rough construction joints and $0.11(f_{ck})^{0.65}$ and 0.64, respectively, for smooth ones, where $f_{ck}$ is the compressive strength of concrete. From the comparisons with 155 data compiled from the available literature, the proposed model gave lower values of standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the ratios between predictions and experiments than AASHTO and fib 2010 equations, indicating that the proposed model has consistent trends with test results, unlike the significant underestimation results of such code equations in evaluating the shear friction strength.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.485-490
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• 1999

The mechanism of action of fish oil (FO), currently used in different chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is not completely understood, although it is thought that it could alter the metabolism of endogenous autacoids. In addition, we hypothesized that the known capability of fatty acids (FA) of stabilizing serum albumin and perhaps other proteins, may be of pharmacological relevance considering that it is shared by other anti-rheumatic agents (e.g. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs). Thus, we studied the effect of oral administration of FO and corn oil (CO), a vegetable oil with a different composition, on the stability of rat serum proteins, evaluated buy a classical in vitro method based on heat-induced protein denaturation. FO, and, to a lower extent, CO inhibited heat-induced denaturation of rat serum (RS): based on the inhibitory activity (EC50) of the major fatty acids against heat-induced denaturation of RS in vitro, it was possible to speculate the in vivo effects of palmitic acid (C16:0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5, n-3) may be more relevant than that of linolenic acid (C18:2). To better investigate this phenomenon, we extracted albumin from the serum of animals treated or not with FO with a one-step affinity chromatography technique, obtaining high purity rat serum albumin preparations (RSA-CTRL and RSA-FO), as judged by SDS-PAGE with Coomassie blue staining. When these RSA preparations were heated at $70^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, it was noted that RSA-FO was much more stable than RSA-CTRL, presumably due to higher number of long chain fatty acids (FA) such as palmitic acid or EPA. In conclusion, we provided evidences that oral administration of FO in the rat stabilizes serum albumin, due to an increase in the number of protein bound long chain fatty acids (e.g. palitic acid and EPA). We speculate that the stabilization of serum albumin and perhaps other proteins could prevent changes of antigenicity due to protein denaturation and glycosylation, which may trigger pathological autoimmune responses, suggesting that this action may be involved in the mode of action of FO in RA and other chronic inflammatory diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.995-1002
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• 2000

In order to Develop a low Na functional kimchi using sea tangle, the Na-binding capacity of alginate in sea tangle along with other dietary fibers was evaluated in vitro. The adding type and amount of the sea tangle that contains alginate in kimhi and characteristics of the sea tangle added kimchi were also studied. Na-binding capacity of various dietary fibers such as cellulose, pectin, gun gum, carageenan, alginates (sodium alginate, alginate, alginate from sea tangle) was measured by equilibrium dialysis method in pH 2 and pH 7 in vitro. Gua gum, carageenan and a group of alginates effectively bound to Na+ Espacially sodium alginate showed high Na-binding capacity of 29.2% in pH of stomach (pH 2.0) and 33.8% in pH of small intestine (pH 7.0), however, the alginate extracted from sea tangle could not bind Na in PH of stomach (pH 2.0), but 27.4% in pH of small intestine (pH 7.0) condition. The content of alginate in sea tangles (dried sea tangle, salted sea tangle and washed salted sea tangle) was 19.8 ~ 22.2% on dry matter basis. The sea tangle added kimchi was prepared with the addition of the flake type (0.5$\times$3 cm) of sea tangle with a quantity of 30% in kimchi from the data of the sensory analysis. The addition of the sea tangle to the kimchi increased the content of soluble dietary fiber, suggesting the Na-binding capacity increased. The sea tangle added kimchi (SK) and sea tangle and fermented anchovy added kimchi (SAK) showed higher levels of reducing sugar and acidity than the control kimchi (CK). In quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) SK and SAK showed higher score in overall acceptance, and lower score in acidic order than CK, however, SK showed less moldy taste and more fresh acidic taste than SAK.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.335-342
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• 1988

An anion exchange chromatography was employed for the purification of mouse monoclonal antibodies from ascitic fluid and in vitro cultivation media. After cultivation of hybridomas, Alps 25-3, HCGK, A4W, and KW, producing IgG1, the culture supernatants were harvested by centrifugation, precipitated with 50-60％ ammonium sulfate, and dialyzed against 0.025 M Tris-HCI buffer (pH 8.2). Then the dialyzed samples were loaded into a DEAE-Trisacryl M anion exchange column. Monoclonal antibodies bound to the DEAE-Trisacryl M were eluted with 0.025 M Tris-HCI buffer (pH 8.2) containing 30-40 mM NaCl. In ammonium sulfate precipitation, the recovery of the monoclonal antibody was shown to be 90％ and 84％ from in vitro culture media containing 10％ and 2％ fetal bovine serum, respectively. On the other hand, the pretreatment by ultrafiltration enhanced the yield up to 91％ whereas the purity was lower than that by ammonium sulfate treatment. Subsequently, in the DEAE-Trisacryl M chromatographic separation, the purities and recoveries of all the monoclonal antibodies from both the in vitro culture supernatants and ascitic fluids were 70-80％ and 65％ respectively. The monoclonal antibody, Alps 25-3 could be further purified with a purity of 95％ through an immunoadsorbent chromatography.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.353-359
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• 2000

${\alpha}_2$-Adrenoceptor antagonists, which can enhance synaptic norepinephrine levels by blocking feedback inhibition processes, are potentially useful in the treatment of disease states such. as depression, memory impairment, impotence and sexual dysfunction. (10bS)-1,2,3,5,6,10b-Hexahydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline oxalate (YSL-3S) was evaluated in several in vitro biological tests to establish its pharmacological profile of activities as an ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor antagonist. Saturation binding assay revealed that$^{3}[H]$rauwolscine bound to the $\alpha$$_2$-adrenoceptors with a Kd value of 6.3$\pm$0.5 nM and a Bmax value of 25l$\pm$39 fmol/mg protein in rat cortical synaptic membranes. Competitive binding assay showed that YSL-3S inhibited the binding of$^3[H]$rauwolscine (1 nM) in a concentration-dependent manner with a Ki value of 98.2$\pm$12.1 nM while it did not inhibit the binding of [$^3$H]cytisine (1.25 nM) to neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptors. The Ki values of yohimbine, clonidine and norepinephrine for $^3[H]$rauwolscine binding were 15.8$\pm$1.0, 40.1$\pm$5.9 and 40.0$\pm$11.5 nM, respectively. In addition, the binding affinity of YSL-3S for ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptors was higher than that of its antipode and the racemic mixture. The functional activity of YSL-3S at the presynaptic ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptors was assessed using the prostatic portion of the rat vas deferens. Clonidine inhibited field-stimulated contractions of the vas deference in a dose-dependent manner. The presence of YSL-3S or yohimbine caused a parallel, rightward the dose-response curve of clonidine in a dose-dependent manner, indicating an antagonistic action at the presynaptic ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptors. The $pA_2$values of yohimbine and YSL-3S were 7.66$\pm$0.13 and 6.64$\pm$0.18, respectively. The results indicate that YSL-3S acts as a competitive antagonist at presynaptic ${\alpha}_2$ -adrenoceptors with a potency approximately ten times lower than yohimbine, but is devoid of binding affinity for neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptors.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2020

This paper presents experimental and numerical studies on effects of local damages on the in-plane elastic-plastic buckling and strength of a fixed parabolic steel tubular arch under a vertical load distributed uniformly over its span, which have not been reported in the literature hitherto. The in-plane structural behaviour and strength of ten specimens with different local damages are investigated experimentally. A finite element (FE) model for damaged steel tubular arches is established and is validated by the test results. The FE model is then used to conduct parametric studies on effects of the damage location, depth and length on the strength of steel arches. The experimental results and FE parametric studies show that effects of damages at the arch end on the strength of the arch are more significant than those of damages at other locations of the arch, and that effects of the damage depth on the strength of arches are most significant among those of the damage length. It is also found that the failure modes of a damaged steel tubular arch are much related to its initial geometric imperfections. The experimental results and extensive FE results show that when the effective cross-section considering local damages is used in calculating the modified slenderness of arches, the column bucking curve b in GB50017 or Eurocode3 can be used for assessing the remaining in-plane strength of locally damaged parabolic steel tubular arches under uniform compression. Furthermore, a useful interaction equation for assessing the remaining in-plane strength of damaged steel tubular arches that are subjected to the combined bending and axial compression is also proposed based on the validated FE models. It is shown that the proposed interaction equation can provide lower bound assessments for the remaining strength of damaged arches under in-plane general loading.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2003

Rice plants at different seed-developing stages were exposed to HTO vapor in an exposure box for 1 h during daytime and nighttime to investigate the levels of tissue free water $^3H$ (TFWT) and organically bound $^3H$ (OBT) in different plant parts. In the daytime experiment, TFWT concentrations in leaves at the end of exposure $(h_0)$ were around 100% of the 1 hour mean HTO concentrations in air moisture whereas in the nighttime experiment, they were as low as $30{\sim}40%$ of the air concentration. TFWT concentrations in both experiments decreased very rapidly in the beginning but much mote slowly later and those at harvest were hundreds to hundred thousands times lower than those at $h_0$. OBT concentrations varied with time in different manners depending on plant parts and exposure times and differed between at $h_0$ and at harvest by factors of less than 10 on the whole. Even during nighttime exposures, OBT was produced at about a third the rate for daytime exposures. The degree of the conversion of airborne HTO into OBT in mature rice seeds, being several times higher in the daytime experiment than in the nighttime experiment, was highest after the exposure peformed at the most actively seed-developing stage for both experiments. It is estimated that OBT would contribute much more to the ingestion radiation dose than TFWT if rice plants are exposed to HTO vapor for the seed-developing period.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

The effects of packaging material and method on quality of fresh-cut mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus Sing.) were investigated in terms of weight loss, surface color, phenolics, vitamin C and sensory characteristics during storage at $5^{\circ}C$. The fresh-cut mushrooms were subjected to passive, gas exchange and vacuum packaging conditions at st. Polyethylene film (PE), polypropylene film (PP), anti-fogging film (AP) and pen orated film (PF) were used for the passive packaging. The mixed gas of $5\% CO_2/\;2\%O_2$ (MA1) and $10\%CO_2/\;2\%O_2$(MA2) were applied for the gas exchange packaging. The respiration rate of sliced mushroom was 1.27 times higher than intact mushroom at $5^{\circ}C$. Gas concentrations in the passive packaging were $1-2\%\;O^2\;and\;5-16\%m$ during storage of sliced mushrooms for 14 days at $5^{\circ}C$, and levels of the gases were different by the films used The mushroom in perforated film (PF) showed the highest weight loss of $4.56\%$. Anti-fogging film (AF) was somewhat effective for prevention of the weight loss compared with other films after 14 days storage. The mushrooms in MA1 and MA2 packages showed lower delta L value than in other films. PE packaging mitigated decrease of free and bound phenolics during storage. The mushrooms in MA2 kept better quality in sensory aspect, and then in MA1, PE and PP in order during storage at $5^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 1993

The GaP crystals were grown by synthesis solute diffusion method and its properties were investigated. High quality single crystals were obtained by pull-down the crystal growing ampoule with velocity of 1.75mm/day. Etch pits density along vertical direction of ingot was increased from 3.8 ${\times}{10^4}$c$m^{-2}$ of the first freeze to 2.3 ${\times}{10^5}$c$m^2$ of the last freeze part. The carrier concentration and mobilities at room temperature were measured to 197.49cc$m^2$/V.sec and 6.75 ${\times}{10^{15}}$c$m^{-3]$, respectively. The temperature dependence of optical energy gap was empirically fitted to $E_g$(T)=[2.3383-(6.082${\times}{10^{-4}}$)$T^2$/(373. 096+TJeV. Photoluminescence spectra measured at low temperature were consist with sharp line-spectra near band-gap energy due to bound-exciton and phonon participation in band edge recombination process. Zn-diffusion depth in GaP was increased with square root of diffusion time and temperature dependence of diffusion coefficient was D(Tl = 3.2 ${\times}{10^3}$exp( - 3.486/$k_{\theta}$T)c$m^2$/sec. Electroluminescence spectra of p-n GaP homojunction diode are consisted with emission at 630nm due to recombination of donor in Zn-O complex center with shallow acceptors and near band edge emission at 550nm. Photon emission at current injection level of lower than 100m A was due to the band-filling mechanism.