• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.360-376
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to make a pants pattern suitable for women 70 to 85 years of age, then analyze that- pattern's shape, size, appearance, fit, allowance and air gap. Participants made the pattern using 3D simulation program DC Suite version 5.1. The results suggest a design method suitable for the lower-body shapes of elderly women. In external appearance, the A-type earned the highest evaluation in all items except the allowance of the back waist and back hip. The L type earned the highest evaluation in the allowance of back waist and hips. The A-type's, back waist appeared set at an angle that did not match the body shape of an old-old aged woman in the center-back-line setting. Therefore, the pattern method of A-type combined with L-type's method of center back, produces an excellent pants pattern. Evaluation of the air gaps among patterns revealed that; the A-type showed the largest air gap in waist and hip circumference and the smallest air gap in thigh circumference. The waists, abdomen, and hip circumferences of older women often become larger while their legs become slimmer. This study accounted for those factors in determining a pattern suitable for the lower-body shape of old-old aged women. However, participants only analyzed four patterns and compared them with women 70 to 85, years of age. Therefore, it is necessary to develop industrial patterns applicable to a wide age group.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.391-399
• /
• 2012

This study helps out-size consumers purchase swimsuits and improves fitness by classifying the torso of middle-aged obese women; in addition, it creates a size system based on each size interval for obese types. The criteria for subjects in this study were over 25kg/$m^2$ of the BMI, over 85cm of waist, and over 95cm of bust; 199 females were surveyed. Three torso types were categorized by a cluster analysis into X type (the vertical size of hip girth was the biggest of the three and the waist was slender), H-O type (larger than other groups in bust girth with more fat above the circumstance of the abdomen), and Y type (the upper half of body development type and lower body fatness were between those of type X and those of type H-O). As a consequence of size system establishment according to obesity types, the basic body sizes and reference body sizes were different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names at sections of respective types. The research findings show the necessity to understand obesity types according to bust girth and hip girth sizes that represent basic sizes as well as to design patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when swimsuits are designed for obese groups. The findings can be used as basic data to decide the desirable output of production according to respective body types.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.184-203
• /
• 2019

This study examines the multilateral characteristics of elderly body shapes by applying body measurement items and obesity indices (BMI, WHR, WHtR, WC, and flatness). The subjects were 397 males, 378 females aged 70-85 from the $6^{th}$ Size Korea and 132 males, 212 females aged 60-69, 596 males, 650 females aged 20-29 from the $7^{th}$ Size Korea. In order to examine the body size differences among age groups, age was divided into 7 groups (20-24, 25-29, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, and 80-85). Both elderly males and females showed lower values of height and weight than those in their 20s. However, abdominal obesity indices (WHR and WHtR) showed higher values in the elderly than those of their 20s; in addition, they showed larger mean values as age increased. The chest and arm circumference tended to decrease in elderly males as age increased; however, elderly females tended to decrease in thigh and calf circumference size. There were gender differences in body changing due to aging. Obesity frequency was significantly higher in the elderly than in the 20s. The study represents basic data for product design for the elderly.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.326-335
• /
• 2019

This study categorized 100 female subjects over 65 years of age into two groups. The first group is called 'early stage of varus', which is when the gap between the knees is less than 5 cm. The second group is called 'progressive varus', which is when the gap between knees is 5 cm (or more). We then analyzed their lower body shapes and life status. The results were as follows. The average gap between knees in the early stage group and the progressive group was 3.3 cm and 6.2 cm. Direct and indirect measurements of their lower bodies showed that subjects in the progressive group had longer legs than the other group because their legs were bent outwards. Most of the subjects were found to live in western housing conditions, but maintained sedentary lifestyles. A total of 60% of the subjects thought that they were in bad health conditions and said that they found it difficult to move their knees dynamically; in addition, 63.6% of the subjects in the early stage group and 73.5% of the subjects in the progressive group suffered from arthritis. Subjects in the progressive group were more aware than the other group that their legs were bent outwards. They also responded that bent legs do harm to their appearance and make their lives uncomfortable. Most senior females with varus did not seek medical treatment and did not buy clothes that can help change their varus. However, 95% of the subjects responded they were in need for clothes that could straighten the varus-type.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.826-837
• /
• 2015

This study analyzes the shapes of the adjustment of a Napoleon Collar which combines a stand collar with an upper collar. It established experimental conditions for fixing the conditions of Napoleon Collar components (lapel width, stand collar size and upper collar size) as well as varied the shape of the neckline, the length of the curve of a stand collar and the size of the drawing space at the center back. It produced 22 test clothes of muslin, which were dressed on dress form No. 8. The results indicate that: 1. Neckline shape determines the amount of stand and fall. Less curved neckline stands higher against the neck and a more curved neckline is laid lower onto the body. 2. A shorter curve length of a stand collar allows a longer roll line to fall farther away from the neck with more space between the neck and collar. However, the longer the depth of curve of a stand collar creates a shorter roll line that stands high against neck and closer to neck without any space between the neck and collar with a collar line matching the neck of the dress form. 3. The smaller the drawing space at the center back creates a shorter the style line of the upper collar. However, a narrower back width of the collar creates a bigger drawing space at the center back with a longer the style line and a more naturally placed back width of the collar. 4. A Napoleon Collar creates a longer depth of curve for a stand collar and a smaller drawing space at the center back that is tightly and stably stuck to the neck.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.189-199
• /
• 2010

This study develops a coverall design for the body shape and movement of infants. This research analyzed these processes: 1. The current coverall styles preferred for infants. 2. The appropriate products for the real size, body shape, movement, and fit of infants. 3. The observations of the 6 months to 9 months movement and development of infants. 4. The design and creation of a new coverall base in this study, and to check the suitable test the developed coverall design for the infant. The result of this study are: A coverall for infants that lie or crawl on the floor must avoid opening in the center front and a gore has to be added at the crotch of the pants for the better movement of infants. These ways provide infants a neat appearance and easy movement. The test of developed designs shows that the developed coverall design covers the size gap of the trunk loop according to the growth of the infant and the movement of the legs; in addition it provides a positive aesthetic effect. The waistline in the developed coverall (a waistline that should exist lower than the body waistline of the infant) can reduce seam stress because the pressure of the seam line can be absorbed in a dipper. It is one of the suitable design points for infants lying prone all day long in this study.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.463-473
• /
• 1999

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of precharge electro-cyclone compared to those of innercharge electro-cyclone, experimentally. Especially, the experiment is executed focusing on the improvement of collection efficiency with the charging types including the experimental parameters such as the discharge electrode shapes, applied voltages and gas inlet velocities. Results show that the overall collection efficiency of precharge electro-cyclone is increased over 20% than that of the innercharge type for the same discharge electrode(ø 4 mm, screw rod) in the inlet velocity of 4 m/s, and applied voltage of 30kV. Moreover, the pressure drop of precharge type becomes 10% lower than that of the innercharge type for the inlet velocity of 12 m/s owing to the disturbance of inner vortex flow by the discharge electrode equipped in the center region of cyclone body.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to dvelop the basic pattern of wome which are fitting for 75A. The collected data were statistcally processed usig the SPSS 10.0 for Mans Standard Deiation, Cronbach's $\alpha$, etc. This study suggested a size chart for body measurement for constructing basic brssiere patterns with size of 75A. The construction of this experimental brassiere were lower cup, upper cup, front panel and wing and characterized by a round cup wired as well as a full cup embrcing the entire breasts. The drafting method for constructing basic brassiere patterns for 75A was completed by selecting a total of 11subjects, and two wearing tests were carried out with the subjects. the dimensions and shapes of the basic brassiere pattern suggested in this research proved to be fitting and to have a wearing effect that brings together and supports the breasts.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.74-82
• /
• 2021

Stretch-flangeability, which is the ability of sheet steels to be deformed into complex shapes, is a critical formability property in automobile body parts. In this study, the center-hole for hole expansion test, which is normally used to evaluate the stretch-flangeability of sheet steels, was prepared by both punching and electrical discharge machining (EDM) methods. Hole expansion ratio (HER) of punched hole was far lower than the HER of EDM drilled hole because of damage/crack in hole-edge due to punching process. The effect of hole-edge condition on HER was quantified by mechanical, fractographic and geometric factors. Based on these factors, the empirical equation used to determine HER for various sheet steels was derived using non-linear regression.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.99-110
• /
• 2020

In terms of junior high school girls' growth patterns during early adolescence, are unlike childhood when relatively balanced growth patterns are found and high school years in which the normal adult body type is nearly reached, growth patterns displayed are imbalanced and rapid. In fact, diverse size changes by body part growth occur significantly different from individual to individual. Therefore, it has been hard for junior high school students to select their proper size when buying school uniforms. This study attempted to acquire basic data needed to address adolescent body shapes and school uniform patterns for junior high school girls, using the data from the 7th Size Korea Survey (2015). Specifically, it provides basic data for the development of school uniform patterns through the classification of their body into particular types, After extracting body shape components and a cluster analysis using ANOVA. According to a factor analysis conducted to determine body shape components, six factors were obtained: Factor 1: bulk and horizontal size, Factor 2: body height and length, Factor 3: shoulder shape and length, Factor 4: shape of upper body, Factor 5: lower drop, Factor 6: upper drop with a variance of 81.46%. To classify junior high school girls' body shape and determine their characteristics, a cluster analysis was performed with the variables obtained using factor analysis. Body shape was classified into three different types: Type 1 accounted for 30.7%. This was a short, slender body with the smallest bulk, size, and upper drop. Type 2 accounted for 24.9%. This was the largest in bulk and horizontal size and highest and length as well. Type 3 accounted for 44.5%. This type was close to average in terms of horizontal size, length and height, and high drop values. To develop school uniforms with great accuracy and body fit for junior high school students, there should be further studies on changes in body shape and their causes. The study results can serve as basic data for comparing branded school uniform patterns for junior high school girls and developing school uniform patterns based on body shape, using 3D virtual clothing simulations.