• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2024

Recently, there has been a growing interest in integrating physical toys into video gaming within the game content business. This paper introduces a novel method that leverages low-cost camera as an alternative to using sensor attachments to meet this rising demand. We address the limitations associated with low-cost cameras and propose an optical design tailored to the specific environment of model car recognition. We overcome the inherent limitations of low-cost cameras by proposing an optical design specifically tailored for model car recognition. This approach primarily focuses on recognizing the underside of the car and addresses the challenges associated with this particular perspective. Our method employs a transfer learning model that is specifically trained for this task. We have achieved a 100% recognition rate, highlighting the importance of collecting data under various camera exposures. This paper serves as a valuable case study for incorporating low-cost cameras into vision systems.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2007

We developed a low cost digital X-Ray image capturing system using a CCD camera, instead of using the high cost image plate and image intensifier. In order to reduce the system volume, we directly made the dark box shorter than the previous model. Using the graphic language, we developed a program in order for post-processing the images captured by the CCD camera. This program improves the image resolving power.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2022

As an important part of virtual production, In-camera VFX is the process of shooting actual objects and virtual three-dimensional backgrounds in real-time through computer graphics technology and display technology, and obtaining the final film. In the In-camera VFX process, there are currently only two types of medium used to undertake background imaging, LED wall and chroma key screen. Among them, the In-camera VFX based on LED wall realizes background imaging through LED display technology. Although the imaging quality is guaranteed, the high cost of LED wall increases the cost of virtual production. The In-camera VFX based on chroma key screen, the background imaging is realized by real-time keying technology. Although the price is low, due to the limitation of real-time keying technology and lighting conditions, the usability of the final picture is not high. The short-throw projection technology can compress the projection distance to within 1 meter and get a relatively large picture, which solves the problem of traditional projection technology that must leaving a certain space between screen and the projector, and its price is relatively cheap compared to the LED wall. Therefore, in the In-camera VFX process, short-throw projection technology can be tried to project backgrounds. This paper will analyze the principle of short-throw projection technology and the existing In-camera VFX solutions, and through the comparison experiments, propose a low-cost solution that uses short-throw projectors to project virtual backgrounds and realize the In-camera VFX process.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1301-1314
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• 2018

In this paper, we present a low-cost fire detection system using a thermal camera and a smartphone. The developed system collects thermal and RGB videos from the developed camera. To detect fire, candidate fire regions are extracted from videos obtained using a thermal camera. The block mean of variation of adjacent frames is measured to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the candidate fire regions. After analyzing the dynamic characteristics of regions of interest, a fire is determined by the candidate fire regions. In order to evaluate the performance of our system, we compared with a smoke detector, a heat detector, and a flame detector. In the experiments, our fire detection system showed the excellent performance in detecting fire with an overall accuracy rate of 97.8 %.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2000

A low cost lighting system for line-scan cameras has been developed with 3-phase power. When exposure time of line-scan camera is shorter than fluctuation period of illumination, the average gray value of each acquired 1-D image varies. Detecting defects on the objects's surface under such illuminating environment is very difficult. The proposed lighting system is composed of low-cost fluorescent lights based on 3-phase power. The specially designed lighting pack and the properly selected lighting position enable to get the rippleless lighting. The principle of the proposed lighting system has been explained analytically. The lighting system has been tested for fabric inspection with line-scan camera and it's efficacy has been proved.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 저비용, 저전력 카메라 폰 구현을 위한 하드웨어 자원 공유가 가능한 구조의 카메라 제어 프로세서를 제안한다. 제안한 카메라 제어 프로세서의 구조는 내부에 직접 접근 경로를 내장함으로써 베이스 밴드 프로세서가 카메라 제어 프로세서의 하드웨어 자원을 직접 활용할 수 있도록 하여 베이스 밴드 프로세서의 기능 확장과 성능 향상을 도모하는데 그 목적이 있다. 또한, 제안한 구조와 결합하여 블록 단위 클럭 차단 기법을 적용하여 저전력 소비를 구현한 결과를 기술하였다. 따라서 제안한 카메라 제어 프로세서는 시스템의 하드웨어 자원 효율성을 향상시켜 저전력, 저비용 카메라 폰 시스템 구현을 가능하게 한다. 제안한 카메라 제어 프로세서는 0.18um CMOS 공정을 사용하여 제작되었으며 면적은 $3.8mm\;{\times}\;3.8mm$이다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2023

This paper discusses the increasing need for autonomous delivery robots due to the current growth in the delivery market, rising delivery fees, high costs of hiring delivery personnel, and the need for contactless services. Additionally, the cost of hardware and complex software systems required to build and operate autonomous delivery robots is high. To provide a low-cost alternative to this, this paper proposes a autonomous delivery robot platform using a low-cost sensor combination of 2D LIDAR, depth camera and tracking camera to replace the existing expensive 3D LIDAR. The proposed robot was developed using the RTAB-Map SLAM open source package for 2D mapping and overcomes the limitations of low-cost sensors by using the convex hull algorithm. The paper details the hardware and software configuration of the robot and presents the results of driving experiments. The proposed platform has significant potential for various industries, including the delivery and other industries.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.603-605
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• 2005

In this paper, we deal with a calibration method for low cost motion capture sensor using PSD (Position Sensitive Detection). The PSD sensor is employed to measure the direction of incident light from moving markers attached to motion body. To calibrate the PSD optical module, a conventional camera calibration algorithm introduced by Tsai. The 3-dimensional positions of the markers are measured by using stereo camera geometry. From the experimental results, the low cost motion capture sensor can be used in a real time system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.2689-2708
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• 2016

Multi-camera systems which integrate two or more low-cost digital cameras are adopted to reach higher ground coverage and improve the base-height ratio in low altitude remote sensing. To guarantee accurate multi-camera integration, the geometric relationship among cameras must be determined through platform calibration techniques. This paper proposed a combined two-step platform calibration method. In the first step, the static platform calibration was conducted based on the stable relative orientation constraint and convergent conditions among cameras in static environments. In the second step, a dynamic platform self-calibration approach was proposed based on not only tie points but also straight lines in order to correct the small change of the relative relationship among cameras during dynamic flight. Experiments based on the proposed two-step platform calibration method were carried out with terrestrial and aerial images from a multi-camera system combined with four consumer-grade digital cameras onboard an unmanned aerial vehicle. The experimental results have shown that the proposed platform calibration approach is able to compensate the varied relative relationship during flight, acquiring the mosaicing accuracy of virtual images smaller than 0.5pixel. The proposed approach can be extended for calibrating other low-cost multi-camera system without rigorously mechanical structure.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.973-979
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• 2007

A laser vision system is developed to measure the three-dimensional feature of an object. This system consists of two low cost cameras and a cross laser. One camera and a cross laser are used to measure a plane equation of an object. Using this information, the other camera measures a hole size of an object. The proposed system provides 0.05 mm accuracy measurement systems with relatively low cost.