• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 2006

풋고추(청양)의 육묘 온도를 주간온도는 같게 하고 야간온도를 달리하여 유묘의 화아분화와 생장 및 포장에서의 생장을 조사하였다. 육묘기간 중의 야간 온도가 높을수록 고추 묘의 엽수, 지상부 생체중 및 건물중이 증가하였고, 화아분화 및 첫 개화일은 단축되었다. 정식 후 초장, 경경, 분지장, 절간장은 저온구($28/11^{\circ}C$)에서 증가한 반면 고온구($28/21^{\circ}C$)에서 억제되었다. 측지수는 고온구에서 현저히 감소되었으나 온도 처리에 따라 주경에서 발달하는 1차분지의 수는 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 고추 모종의 생장은 저온구에서 억제되었다가 하우스에 정식한 후부터 점차로 회복된 반면, 고온구는 이와 반대의 경향을 보였다.

• 감성과학
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2017

In the present study, we investigated the physiological effects of smartphone use at night when the display luminance and white balance were differently manipulated. Two levels of luminance and two types of white balance were combined to form four types of displays. Subjects were instructed to use smartphones between 23:00 to 01:00 twice a week for two weeks, and for each trial, subjects were given one of the four display types. Melatonin concentration in the saliva, body temperature and heart rate were measured before and after each experiment. The experimental result showed that the low luminance display supported melatonin secretion and thermoregulation compared to the high luminance display. With regard to the white balance, higher melatonin level was observed when using the display that filtered blue light. The low luminance display together with yellowish tint best supported restful sleep at night in terms of every physiological response. This study collectively demonstrates that bright and blue light emitted from smartphone displays adversely affect melatonin secretion, body temperature, and heart rate, and therefore, suggests the use of a display with low luminance or a display that filters blue light for a restful sleep at night.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.236-242
• /
• 2012

We investigated the influences of night interruption (NI) and night temperature on flowering and flower coloration in Cymbidium. Cymbidium 'Red Fire' and 'Yokihi' were grown under a 9 hours photoperiod (control), a 9 hours photoperiod with NI at a low light intensity (LNI) of 3-7 ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, or a 9 hours photoperiod with NI at a high light intensity (HNI) of 120 ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ for four hours (22:00-02:00 HR) for 16 weeks during the reproductive growth stage (Experiment 1). Thirty month-old Cymbidium 'Red Fire' plants with initiated flowering buds were placed in four different growth chamber with night temperature set points of 6, 9, 12, or $15^{\circ}C$ for 16 hours (18:00 to 09:00 HR) and a daytime temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, the numbers of visible buds and flowers increased, and time to flowering decreased in both the LNI and HNI treatments, as compared to the control in both cultivars. Red color in Cymbidium 'Red Fire' increased by both LNI and HNI, as evidenced by an increased $a^*$ in plants grown under these conditions, relative to those grown under the control condition. Number of days to visible buds at 9-$15^{\circ}C$ ranged from 31-34 days, as compared to 39 days at $6^{\circ}C$ in Experiment 2. Although as the temperature increased days to flowering decreased when the plant was grown at $15^{\circ}C$ as compared to 6, 9, or $12^{\circ}C$, the red color ($a^*$) also decreased. The number of flowers and percent flowering increased when the night temperature was maintained higher than $9^{\circ}C$. Therefore, NI treatment and maintaining the night temperature at approximately 9-$12^{\circ}C$ during the winter season after flower spike initiation in the reproductive developmental growth stage improve flower quality and controls flowering time.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.326-332
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 주요 봄배추 품종에 대하여 야간 저온처리가 생육 및 추대에 미치는 영향을 평가하여 봄배추 육묘 시 안정 환경관리의 기준을 설정하고자 수행하였다. 시험에는 '춘광' 등 주요 봄배추 7품종을 이용하였으며 생육상을 이용하여 야간에 $5^{\circ}C$ 및 $10^{\circ}C$의 저온처리를 실시하였다. 처리시점은 파종 후 5, 10 및 15일째부터, 처리기간은 각 처리시작 시점부터 5, 10 및 15일간으로 각각 조합 처리한 후 포장에서의 생육 및 추대 여부를 조사하였다. 시험에 사용한 모든 품종에 있어서 최대 $5^{\circ}C$에서 15일간의 야간 저온처리에 의하여 유묘생육은 크게 저하하였으나 재배기간 동안 추대는 일어나지 않았으며 정식 90일 후 정상적인 수확이 가능하였다. '춘광' 품종에 대한 육묘기 야간 저온처리 개시 시점과 처리기간의 복합 처리 결과, 낮은 온도조건으로 어린식물체의 상태에서 처리기간이 길어짐에 따라 묘 생체중이 대조구에 비해 최대 59.3%까지 크게 감소되었다. 반면 저온처리 후 생육이 극도로 억제된 묘는 정식 후 생육이 다시 회복되어 수확시 생체중은 대조구 대비 72.3~110%의 범위를 나타내어 모든 처리구에서 정상적인 수확이 가능하였다. 또한 $5^{\circ}C$ 또는 $10^{\circ}C$에서 최대 15일간의 육묘기 야간저온 처리에 의한 추대 현상은 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해 봄배추 주요 품종에 대한 육묘기 야간 저온이 생육에 미치는 영향은 제한적으로 나타났다. 육묘기간 동안 단기간 $5^{\circ}C$ 이하의 저온에 노출된 경우에도 주간의 적정한 온도관리와 포장에서의 기후조건에 따라 추대를 지연시키거나 방지시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.593-602
• /
• 2007

The frequency of tropical nights and tropical days in Busan during summer season (June-August) from 1995 to 2004 were investigated. When air temperature higher than $25^{\circ}C$ continuously maintains at night in summer, it is called the occurrence of tropical night. Tropical day is defined that maximum air temperature is higher than $30^{\circ}C$, In Jin-Gu and Daeyeon-dong shows a lot of frequency of tropical day and tropical night because there were located in downtown. Relatively, the areas where are located in seaside and riverside show very low frequency. This can be explained the cooling effects of sea and river. The main meteorological characteristics during tropical nights and tropical days is proved pattern of reverse tendency through wind rose. We analyzed heat index and discomfort index during tropical night and tropical day. This study is useful to understand the aspect of urban thermal environment but need some more observation to quantify.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.163-167
• /
• 2002

겨울철 소나무와 자작나무의 시설양묘시 생육에 필요한 야간 최저온도를 구명하고자 최저온도가 각각 5~8$^{\circ}C$, 10~13$^{\circ}C$및 15~18$^{\circ}C$로 설정된 2중 피복 PE house에서 실시하였다. 설정된 온도체계는 발아 최성기 후 약 8주(4월 6일)정도까지 유지되었으며 그 후에는 자연 온도의 상승으로 야간 온도체계를 유지할 수 없었다. 온도 처리에 따른 발아율의 차이는 없었으나 발아속도는 10여일 늦어졌다. 두 수종 모두 온도 가 낮아짐에 따라 수고생장, 근원경생장 및 건중량이 감소하였다. 특히 발아 8주 후의 지상부 건중량에서 그 영향이 크게 나타난 것으로 조사되었으며, 이러한 결과는 5~8$^{\circ}C$에서의 가장 낮은 T/R율을 유도하였다. 한편 상대적으로 낮은 온도처리에 대한 수고생장 반응은 자작나무가 보다 민감한 것으로 관찰되었다. 일반적으로 겨울철 임업 시설양묘시 설정되는 생육 최저온도의 범위는 수종에 따라 다르지만, 본 실험의 결과를 고려할 때 15$^{\circ}C$이상은 설정되어야만 우리나라에서 겨울철 시설양묘시 정상적인 묘목의 생육이 가능하리라 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.473-482
• /
• 1997

Temperature, humidity and wetness duration were monitored for fully developed paddy rice canopies with 3 different structures induced by the seeding method(puddled-soil drill seeding, DS ; hand broadcasting, HB ; machine broadcasting, MB). Within-canopy air temperature averaged over "clear sky" hours during the study period(maximum tillering through heading) was lower than the screen temperature at a nearby standard weather station, especially in the night. The same trend was true for "overcast sky" hours except the diurnal distinction. Vapor pressure within the canopy was high during the daytime and low in the night, making the daytime deviation from outside the canopy more significant on clear days. Under the overcast sky, the canopy maintained a steady 5 to 10％ higher vapor pressure than the outside regardless of day or night. Daily maximum temperature was observed to be higher within the canopies with more leaf mass, making MB the highest, HB the lowest, and DS in between. Relative humidity was over 90％ in the night and dropped to 70％ in the mid-afternoon, but vapor pressure within the canopy was highest at around 13:00 LST. Dew point depression was lowest and, combined with the temperature, the relative humidity was highest in HB. Mean period of wetting duration was in the order of DS＞HB＞MB, while the dew point depression was greatest in DS.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.239-245
• /
• 2002

Plasma melatonin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and body temperature were measured simultaneously and continuously before and after the sleep-wake cycle was shifted in 4 healthy males and changes in the circadian rhythm itself and in the phase relationship among these circadian rhythms were determined. Normal sleep-wake cycle (sleep hours: 2300-0700) was delayed by 10 h (sleep hours: 0900-1700) during the experiment. Even after this shift the typical melatonin rhythm was maintained: low during daytime and high during night. The melatonin rhythm was gradually delayed day by day. The TSH rhythm was also maintained fundamentally during 3 consecutive days of altered sleep-wake cycle. The phase was also delayed gradually but remarkably. The daily rhythm of body temperature was changed by the alteration of sleep-wake cycle. The body temperature began to decrease at the similar clock time as in the control but the decline during night awake period was less steep and the lowered body temperature persisted during sleep. The hormonal profiles during the days of shifted sleep/wake cycle suggest that plasma melatonin and TSH rhythms are basically regulated by an endogenous biological clock. The parallel phase shift of melatonin and TSH upon the change in sleep-wake cycle suggests that a common unitary pacemaker probably regulates these two rhythms. The reversal phase relationship between body temperature and melatonin suggests that melatonin may have a hypothermic effect on body temperature. The altered body temperature rhythm suggests that the awake status during night may inhibit the circadian decrease in body temperature and that sleep sustains the lowered body temperature. It is probable but uncertain that there ave causal relationships among sleep, melatonin, TSH, and body temperature.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.873-885
• /
• 2014

To identify the characteristics of extreme heat events and tropical nights in major cities, the correlations between automated synoptic observing station (ASOS), automatic weather station (AWS), and temperature in seven metropolitan areas were analyzed. Temperatures at ASOS were found to be useful sources of the reference temperature of each area. To set the standard for identifying dates of extreme heat events in relation to regional topography and the natural environment, the monthly and yearly frequency of extreme heat in each region was examined, based on the standards for extreme heat day (EHD), tropical night day (TND), and extreme heat and tropical night day (ETD). All three cases identified 1994 as the year with the most frequent heat waves. The frequency was low according to all three cases in 1993, 2003 and 2009. Meanwhile, the yearly rate of increase was the highest in 1994, followed by 2010 and 2004, indicating that the frequency of extreme heat changed significantly between 1993 and 1994, 2003 and 2004, and 2009 and 2010. Therefore all three indexes can be used as a standard for high temperature events. According to monthly frequency data for EHD, TND, and ETD, July and August accounted for 80% or more of the extreme heat of the entire year.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.97-103
• /
• 2017

Thermal imaging is mainly used in military equipment required for night observation. In particular, technologies of uncooled thermal imaging detectors are being developed as applied to low-cost night observation system. Many system integrators require different specifications of the uncooled thermal imaging camera but their development time is short. In this approach, EOSYSTEM has developed a small size, TEC-less uncooled thermal imaging camera module with $32{\times}32mm$ size and low power consumption. Both domestic detector and import detector are applied to the EOSYSTEM's thermal imaging camera module. The camera module contains efficient infrared image processing algorithms including : Temperature compensation non-uniformity correction, Bad/Dead pixel replacement, Column noise removal, Contrast/Edge enhancement algorithms providing stable and low residual non-uniformity infrared image.