• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2016

본 연구는 전산화단층검사(computed tomography; CT)에서 저농도 조영제와 저관전압 기법이 선량과 영상에 미치는 유용성을 팬텀으로 평가하였다. 조영제 농도별로 희석정도를 달리하여 실험팬텀에 삽입 후 관전압과 관전류를 단계적으로 변화하여 촬영하였고, 획득된 팬텀영상을 통해 선량과 HU를 평가하였다. 그 결과 표준조건(350 mgI/ml, 120 kV)보다 저농도 조영제와 저관전압 조건(300 mgI/ml, 100 kV)설정이 체적 선량평가(CTDIvol; computed tomography dose $index_{vol}$)에서 평균 21% 감소하였다. SNR은 저농도 조영제와 저관전압 조건이 팬텀에서 측정한 모든 깊이(center, 4.5cm, 2.25cm)의 조영제와 생리식염수를 1:10, 1:20으로 희석한 실험에서 각각 12.2(26%), 6.2(17%) 증가하였다. CNR은 각각 11.5(32%), 6.3(26%) 증가하였다. CT 검사에서 조영제 부작용 감소를 위한 저농도 조영제의 사용과 피폭선량 감소를 위한 저관전압 사용으로 영상에서 높은 감약계수를 통한 다양한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.634-643
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and safety of low-contrast-dose, dual-source dual-energy CT before transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with compromised renal function. Materials and Methods: A total of 54 consecutive patients (female:male, 26:38; 81.9 ± 7.3 years) with reduced renal function underwent pre-TAVR dual-energy CT with a 30-mL contrast agent between June 2022 and March 2023. Monochromatic (40- and 50-keV) and conventional (120-kVp) images were reconstructed and analyzed. The subjective quality score, vascular attenuation, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were compared among the imaging techniques using the Friedman test and post-hoc analysis. Interobserver reliability for aortic annular measurement was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. The procedural outcomes and incidence of post-contrast acute kidney injury (AKI) were assessed. Results: Monochromatic images achieved diagnostic quality in all patients. The 50-keV images achieved superior vascular attenuation and CNR (P < 0.001 in all) while maintaining a similar SNR compared to conventional CT. For aortic annular measurement, the 50-keV images showed higher interobserver reliability compared to conventional CT: ICC, 0.98 vs. 0.90 for area and 0.97 vs. 0.95 for perimeter; 95% limits of agreement width, 0.63 cm² vs. 0.92 cm² for area and 5.78 mm vs. 8.50 mm for perimeter. The size of the implanted device matched CT-measured values in all patients, achieving a procedural success rate of 92.6%. No patient experienced a serum creatinine increase of ≥ 1.5 times baseline in the 48-72 hours following CT. However, one patient had a procedural delay due to gradual renal function deterioration. Conclusion: Low-contrast-dose imaging with 50-keV reconstruction enables precise pre-TAVR evaluation with improved image quality and minimal risk of post-contrast AKI. This approach may be an effective and safe option for pre-TAVR evaluation in patients with compromised renal function.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2006

목적: 기존의 CT 영상 촬영에서 이용되고 있는 고용량의 경구용 조영제는 복용과정에서 위장계통의 불편함이 나타나고 또한 PET/CT에 이용할 경우에는 이로 인해 인공물(artifact)이 생길 우려가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 $^{18}F-FDG$ PET/CT에서 저용량의 경구용 조영제 사용의 유용성에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 총 435명의 전신 PET/CT 영상을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 모든 환자들은 $^{18}F-FDG$. 주사 직전에 200 ml의 경구용 조영제(bariumsulfate)를 복용하였다. 장에서의 FDG 섭취 양상을 가로단면, 관상면, 시상면에서 시각적으로 판독하였고, 섭취양상을 반정량화하였다. 결과: 435명의 영상 중 70명(16%, 113부위) 에서 높은 FDG 섭취(peak SUV > 4)를 보였으며, 이 중 미만성 섭취를 보인 경우가 50명(74%, 84부위), 국소적 섭취를 보인 것은 20명(26%, 29부위)이였다. 경구용 조영제가 가장 흔하게 분포된 부위는 소장(n=27, 39%)이었다. PET/CT 영상에서 FDG섭취부위와 조영제 분포 부위가 일치하는 경우 중에서 미만성 섭취를 보인 것은 26명(54%, 38부위), 국소적 섭취를 보인 것은 9명(45%, 9부위)이였다. 이들을 부위별로 보면 미만성 섭취를 보인 것은 38개(45%), 국소적 섭취를 보인 것이 9개(31%)였다. FDG 섭취와 조영제의 분포가 일치하는 부위는 소장에서 61% (29/47부위)로 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 감쇠 보정을 하지 않은 PET 영상을 본 결과, 검토가 가능했던 27개의 섭취 일치 부위에서 조영제로 인한 인공물(artifact) 영향은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 저용량 경구용 조영제는 FDG PET/CT 영상에서 인공물 영향 없이 복부의 FDG 섭취를 판별하는데 도움을 줄 수 있다.T은 민감도 85.7%(6/7), 특이도 92.3%(12/13), MR은 민감도 100%(7/7), 특이도 76.9%(10/13)를 보였다. 그 외에도 간전이 병변의 평균 maxSUV는 $6.7{\pm}3.8$로 간전이와 양성병변을 최적으로 감별할 수 있는 maxSUV의 cutoff value는 3.1 이었다. (AUC=0.897, p<0.001, 민감도 83.3%, 특이도 94.1%) 결론: FDG PET은 간전이를 진단하는데 MR과 대등한 민감도와 특이도를 보였다. 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았지만 간전이에 대한 FDG PET의 음성예측도는 MR보다 높았으며, 직경 10 mm 미만의 작은 병변에 대해서도 FDG PET은 우수한 성적을 보였다. 향후 대장암의 간전이 진단에 FDG PET이 유용하게 이용될 것이다.CA-tk 에서 확연한 집적의 차이를 보여주었다. 결론: 간암세포주에서 HSV1-tk 유전자의 발현 정도와 지속성 그리고 위치를 확인하기 위한 비침습적 PET 영상을 위한 기질로서 $[^{18}F]FHBG$는 매우 유용할 것으로 기대된다.EX>의 수용체 결합능의 감소율과 혈중 니코틴의 축적 농도와의 상관관계를 스피어만 상관분석법(Spearman's correlation)에 의하여 알아보았다. 결과: 흡연에 의한 선조체에서의 평균 $[^{11}C]raclopride$의 수용체 결합능의 변화는 미상핵에서 4.7%, 전피각에서 4.0%, 복측 선조체에서 7.8% 의 감소를 보여 흡연에 의한 선조체내 도파민 유리를 정량화 하였다. 특히 선조체에서의 도파민 유리에 의한 수용체 결합능의 감소는 흡연에 의한 혈중 니코틴의 축적 농도와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(rho=0.9, p=0.04). 결론: $[^{11}C]raclopride$ PET을 이용하여 비흡연 정상인에서 흡연에 의한

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Objective : Erysipelas is an acute inflammation caused by pyogenic bacteria. This mainly involves the upper part of dermis. It begins as erythematous patches with tenderness, followed by fever, headache, chills and fatigue etc. It may results in edema, obstruction of lymphatics and sepsis. So this experiment is carried out for test whether the Bojeasodok-um subtracted Scrophulariae Radix, Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia, Isatidis Radix added indigo Naturalis, Lithospermi Radix have an anti-inflammatory effect and have suppression effect on immunocyte in the state of inflammation which induced by Erysipelas. Method : Experimental animals made use of 4-5 week-age(weight 20-25g) ICR(male) mouse. In the breeding farm, the lighting time was controlled from 7:00 am till 7:00 pm, the temperature was controlled So we concluded that BS is prospected as an anti-inflammatory agent to cure inflammation induced bywithin 18-23$23^{\circ}C$ and water and food were not limited.The freezing lyophilization powder which were extracted from Bojesodok-Um divided low dose group(200mg/kg-BSL) and high dose group(500mg/kg-BSH) and after melting in water, it was orally administered to the mouse. Compared with inflammation induced group which were induced by triggering-inflammation reagent Carageenan and Zymosan and normal contrast group, we measured the edema decrement effect,macrophage and spleen cell activation. Result : 1. BS has suppress inflammatory reaction induced by Carageenan. 2. BS has suppress increasing activation of abdominal cavity macrophage in the Carageenan and Zymosan induced inflammation. 3. BS has suppress increasing activation of spleen cell in the Carageenan and Zymosan induced inflammation. Based on the above result, BS was improved its suppression effect to the inflammatory reaction through the suppression of spleen cell and macrophage activation. So we concluded that BS is prospected as an anti-inflammatory agent to cure inflammation induced by Erysipelas.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.914-920
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• 2002

This experiment is carried out for test whether the addition temperament drugs of Danchisoyo-san have an anti-inflammatory effect and have suppression effect on immunocyte in the state of inflammation which induced by carageenan and zymosan. The freezing lyophilization powder which were extracted from Danchisoyo-san divided low dose group(200mg/kg-DSL) and high dose group(500mg/kg-DSH) and after melting in water, it was orally administered to the mouse. Compared with inflammation induced group which were induced by triggering-inflammation reagent carageenan and zymosan and normal contrast group, we measured the edema decrement effect, macrophage and spleen cell activation. 1. Danchisoyo-san has suppress inflammatory reaction induced by carrageenan. 2. Danchisoyo-san has suppress increasing activation of abdominal cavity macrophage cell in the carrageenan induced inflammation. 3. Danchisoyo-san has suppress increasing activation of spleen cell in the carrageenan induced inflammation. 4. Danchisoyo-san has suppress increasing activation of abdominal cavity macrophage in the zymosan induced inflammation. 5. Danchisoyo-san has suppress increasing activation of spleen cell in the zymosan induced inflammation. Based on the above result, Danchisoyo-san was improved its suppression effect to the inflammatory reaction through the suppression of spleen cell and macrophage activation. So we concluded that Danchisoyo-san is prospected as a anti-inflammatory agent to cure inflammation.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2023

Acetaminophen [Paracetamol, N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP)] is a common over-the-counter analgesic agent as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The high doses or the long-term treatment of acetaminophen via usual gavage feeding resulted in damage of testicles that presented recoverable impairment, as well as liver and kidney. The influence of acetaminophen was examined in male golden hamsters treated with acetaminophen-containing diet feeding. They were divided into 5 groups and subjected to this experiment for 4 weeks: animals housed in long photoperiod (LP) as LP control, animals housed in short photoperiod (SP) for 4 weeks as SP control (SP4), and groups of animals treated with low, middle, and high concentrations of acetaminophen (Low, Middle, High groups). Also animals housed in SP for 8 weeks were included (SP8) to contrast testicular activities, if necessary. As results, spermatozoa filled the seminiferous tubules of the testicles of animals in LP control and SP4 groups. The aspects were seen in the animals taken diets of low and middle doses of acetaminophen. The animals who fed high dose of acetaminophen showed large or small testicles. The large testicles displayed all germ cells at the steps of spermatogenesis. The small testicles presented no sperm as the animals housed in SP for 8 weeks. Thus these results indicate that acetaminophen invokes the antigonadal effects and accelerates the regressing process of the testicles in the animals compared to the animals exposed to SP.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2001

Antidotal efficacy of combinational prophylactics composed of physostigmine plus procyclidine, alone or in combination with antidotes such as atropine plus 2-pralidoxime or atropine plus HI-6, was evaluated in rats. Physostigmine (0.1 mg/kg) plus procyclidine (3 mg/kg), pretreated subcutaneously 30 min prior to subcutaneous exposure to organophosphates of militarily importance, exerted protection ratios of 7.2, 6.5, 4.0, 2.9 and 8.0 fold for tabun, saris, soman, cyclosarin and V-agent, respectively. In comparison, low effects (1.7 fold for soman and 1.3 fold for cyclosarin) were achieved with the traditional antidotes atropine (17.4 mg/kg) plus 2-pralidoxime (30 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly immediately after organophosphate, in contrast to high effects (5.5 fold for soman and 160.0 fold for cyclosarin) with atropine (17.4 mg/kg) plus HI-6 (125 mg/kg), although the protection ratio markedly decreased when treatment of antidotes was delayed. Note- worthy, the combinational prophylactics markedly potentiated the effects of antidotes to higher than 5.0 fold in all cases. In addition, the combinational prophylactics fully prevented the seizures and excitotoxic brain injuries induced by a high dose (100 mg/kg, 1.3 LD$_{50}$) of soman. Taken together, it is suggested that the prophylactics composed of physostigmine and procyclidine, in combination with posttreatment antidotes, could be a promising regimen for the prevention of lethality, seizures and brain injuries induced by organophosphates possessing diverse properties.s.