• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2015년도 제51회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.65-68
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• 2015

Agreeable to the latest enviromental problem, CCS(Carbon Capture&Storage) technology is more significant. As these issues, Oxy-Combustion is one of the technology that realize the CCS technology and large scale field test proceeding at other places. The aims of this research were to evaluate the combustion characteristics of pressurized oxy-combusition that is attract attention as the next generation power plant. The experiments were conducted using a laboratory-scale pressuized oxy-combustor. The fuel used was low calorific value syn-gas that is mainly composed of CO(60%), $H_2$(27%). The burner was used co-axial burner, to investigate combustion characteristics, temperature in the reactor and the flue gas compositions were measured.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.69-72
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• 2002

저발열량 가스(LCVG : low calorific value gases)는 석탄 가스, coke oven gas, carbon black waste gas, 화학공정 폐가스, 휘발성 유기화합물(VOC) 등 다양하다. 발열량 150~2,000㎉/m$^3$정도의 가스를 말하며 주요 조성은 H$_2$, CO, CH$_4$ 등이다. 화학공정 폐가스나 휘발성 유기물질 배출공정에서는 저농도(LEL 25% 이하)의 유기물질이 주 조성이다.(중략)

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2004년도 제29회 KOSCI SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.225-230
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• 2004

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are low calorific value gases (LCVG) emitted from chemical processes such as painting booth, dye works and drying processes etc. Characteristics of VOCs are low calorific values less than 150 kcal/$m^3$, high activation energy for ignition and low energy output. These characteristics usually make combustion unstable and its treatment processes needs high-energy consumption, The cyclone combustion system is suitable for LCVG burning because it can recirculate energy through a high swirling flow to supply the activation energy for ignition, increases energy density to make a combustion temperature higher than usual swirl combustor and also increases mixing intensity, This research was conducted to develop optimized cyclone combustion system for thermal oxidation of VOCs. This research was executed to establish the effect of swirl number with respect to the combustion temperature and composition of exhausted gas in the specific combustor design.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 1999년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.89-93
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• 1999

Experimental studies are conducted to investigate the flame stability and the thermal/fuel NOx formation characteristics of the low calorific value(LCV) gas fuel. Synthetic LCV fuel gas is produced through mixing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia on the basis that the thermal input of the syngas fuel into a burner is identical to that of natural gas, and then the syngas mixture is fed to and burnt with air on flat flame burner. Flame behaviors are observed to identify flame instability due to blow-off or flash-back when burning the LCV fuel gas at various equivalence ratio conditions. Measurements of NOx in combustion gas are made for comparing thermal and fuel NOx emissions from the LCV syngas combustion with those of the natural gas one, and for analyzing ammonia to NOx conversion mechanism. In addition, the nitrogen dilution of the LCV syngas is preliminarily attempted as a NOx reduction technique.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.1129-1135
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 저발열량 천연가스가 현재 상용되고 있는 대형 천연가스 엔진에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 3종류의 연료를 적용하였다. 전부하 운전조건과 WHSC 및 WHTC 모드 테스트를 수행하여 엔진성능 및 배기특성을 분석하였다. 실험결과 전부하 실험에서 토크성능이 $9,800kcal/Nm^3$의 발열량을 갖는 저발열량 가스의 경우 현행 천연가스($10,400kcal/Nm^3$)를 사용한 결과에 비해 4.4% 감소하였다. 저발열량 연료를 사용하였을 때 일산화탄소, 이산화탄소 및 질소산화물의 배출량은 감소하였지만, 탄화수소의 배출량은 증가하였다. WHSC 및 WHTC 실험결과 저발열량 연료에서 열효율이 증가하였으며 배기특성은 전부하 실험결과와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 저발열량 천연가스를 사용할 경우 제원상의 출력을 만족하기 어렵고, 탄화수소의 배출이 증가하는 문제점을 확인하였다.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 1999년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.23-29
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• 1999

Experimental studies are conducted to investigate the flame stability and the thermal/fuel NOx formation characteristics of the low calorific value (LCV) coal derived gas fuel. Synthetic LCV fuel gas is produced by mixing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia on the basis that the thermal input of the syngas fuel into a burner is identical to that of natural gas. The syngas mixture is fed to and burnt with air on flat flame burner. With the variation of the equivalence ratio for specific syngas fuel, flame behaviors are observed to identify the flame instability due to blow-off or flashback and to define stable combustion range. Measurements of NOx content in combustion gas are made for comparing thermal and fuel NOx from the LCV syngas combustion with those of the natural gas one. In addition, the nitrogen dilution of the LCV syngas is preliminarily attempted as a NOx reduction technique, and its effects on thermal and fuel NOx production are discussed.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.452-459
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• 2010

This study is aimed to investigate changes of combustion characteristics and heat efficiency when syngas from gasification process using low-rank fuel such as waste and/or biomass is applied partially to an industrial boiler. An experimental study on syngas co-combustion was performed in a 0.7 MW (1 ton steam/hr) water tube boiler using heavy oil as a main fuel. Three kinds of syngas were used as an alternative fuel: mixture gas of pure carbon monoxide and hydrogen, syngas of low calorific value generated from an air-blown gasification process, and syngas of high calorific value produced from an oxygen-blown gasification process. Effects of co-combustion ratio (0~20%) for each syngas on flue gas composition were investigated through syngas injection through the nozzles installed in the side wall of the boiler and measuring $O_2$, $CO_2$, CO and NOx concentrations in the flue gas. When syngas co-combustion was applied, injected syngas was observed to be burned completely and NOx concentration was decreased because nitrogen-containing-heavy oil was partially replaced by the syngas. However, heat efficiency of the boiler was observed to be decreased due to inert compounds in the syngas and the more significant decrease was found when syngas of lower calorific value was used. However, the decrease of the efficiency was under 10% of the heat replacement by syngas.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2011

가스호환성에 문제가 있는 저열량의 LNG가 도입되기 시작한 것은 2005년 동절기부터이다. 이러한 LNG의 도입량은 매년 증가하고 있으며 향후에는 극저열량(발열량 ${\leq}$ 9,500 kcal/$Nm^3$)의 CBM(Coal Bed Methane), Shale LNG도 대량 도입될 예정에 있다. 따라서 호환 가능한 발열량의 가스를 인수기지에서 송출하기 위해서는 저장 탱크별 LNG 발열량을 실시간으로 모니터링할 수 있는 방법이 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 방법의 일환으로 저장 탱크 내설치된 밀도계를 이용하여 LNG 발열량을 실시간으로 측정할 수 있는 방법을 개발하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 액상 LNG와 발열량 간의 정밀 정확한 상관식을 도출하고 이 방법의 불확도를 계산하였으며 또 인수기지 내 발열량 측정 시스템을 시험 구축하였다. 본 방법의 유효성을 확인하기 위해 현장 LNG 분석데이터와 비교하였으며 그 결과 0.17~0.47%정도의 편차를 확인하였다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2015년도 제51회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.57-59
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• 2015

A method to measure heating value of natural gas using sound velocity and thermal conductivity is proposed to solve the low heating value issues of imported natural gas in South Korea. Natural gas generally consists of methane, butane, ethane, and inert gases. Heating value changes as the gas material properties, such as density, wobbe index, etc., varies. It is highly important to measure heating values of natural gases accurately because measuring the heating value depends on the given natural gases' components. Therefore, sound velocity and thermal conductivity is measured to estimate indirectly heating value of Natural gas with their changed components.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2003년도 학술.기술논문발표회
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• pp.31-34
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• 2003

Sandwich panel is composed of the facing sheets which support the external load, the cellular core with the low thermal conductivity and the adhesive agent to bond them. The cellular core was produced by binding lightweight cellular aggregates with cement and two types of acrylic base St/BA emulsion were added with a view to improving the workability ion due to high absorption of light weight aggregate and to develope more strength, respectively. This investigation is to comprehend the effect of the addition of two types of St/BA on thermal conductivity, calorific value and exhaustion content of noxious gas in addition re compressive and flexural strength. Flexural strength of the specimen made with St/BA-2 ranged 20kgf/cm2 to 25kgf/cm2 and was about 50% to 100% as high as that of the non-fiber specimen. Thermal conductivity was recorded from 2.0 to 3.0 kcal/mh$^{\circ}C$ and calorific value of St/BA modified specimen was much lower than that of commercial sandwich panel core of EPS and urethane. Careful caution has to be taken because generation of noxious gas such as CO, NO and SO2 tend to increase with addition of polymer cement ratio.