• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1542-1549
• /
• 2009

The function of subgrade in the railway is to support track load on the subgrade as well as train load. Unlike the traditional railway, the uppermost subgrade layer in the Gyeongbu high speed railway was constructed as the reinforced road bed. The reinforced road bed comprises sub-ballast in the upper part and grade ballast in the lower part. The filling material such as soil and rocks in the subgrade can be settled by consolidation of original ground, compression due to self weight, plastic displacement due to train operation, and unequal settlement due to embankment material or improper compaction, therefore many efforts have been given for sufficient compaction and use of proper filling materials in the construction stage. The purpose of this study is to investigate the deformation state of subgrade in the Gyeongbu high speed railway. The investigation on the subgrade settlement was performed by choosing representative sections suspected to be settled based on the previous GPR test results and track maintenance history, measuring the settlement for some time period after installing settlement measuring instruments on and under the reinforced road bed. and analyzing the long-term subgrade settlement data from monitoring system which was installed at the construction stage of the high speed railway.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권8호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2021

Altman's Z-score is used to measure a company's financial health and to predict the probability that a company will collapse within 2 years. It is proven to be very accurate to forecast bankruptcy in a wide variety of contexts and markets. The goal of this study is to use Altman's Z-score model to forecast insolvency in non-financial publicly traded enterprises. Non-financial firms are a significant industry in Malaysia, and current trends of consolidation and long-term government subsidies make assessing the financial health of such businesses critical not just for the owners, but also for other stakeholders. The sample of this study includes 84 listed companies in the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. Of the 84 companies, 52 are considered high risk, and 32 are considered low-risk companies. Secondary data for the analysis was gathered from chosen companies' financial reports. The findings of this study show that the Altman model may be used to forecast a company's financial collapse. It dispelled any reservations about the model's legitimacy and the utility of applying it to predict the likelihood of bankruptcy in a company. The findings of this study have significant consequences for investors, creditors, and corporate management. Portfolio managers may make better selections by not investing in companies that have proved to be in danger of failing if they understand the variables that contribute to corporate distress.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권8호
• /
• pp.149-160
• /
• 2008

1990년대 이후로 인천과 부산신항 등의 물류중심항구 및 송도 신도시와 같은 유비쿼터스 도시 개발에 발맞추어 인근해상연약지반 매립공사가 활발히 진행되면서 측방유동 해상말뚝기초의 거동특성에 폭넓은 관심이 집중되고 있다. 측방유동 말뚝기초 거동에 대한 연구 및 규명은 원심모형기 개발과 컴퓨터 기능의 향상으로 인하여 폭넓은 시도가 이루어져 왔으며, 특히 말뚝구조물에 작용하는 측방유동압의 특성이 가장 중요한 초점이 되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대변형 압밀연계 유한요소해석 기법(LDFE)을 바탕으로 배수조건(비배수 : 단기, 배수 : 장기)에 따른 측방유동 해상 말뚝기초의 거동특성을 분석하였으며 특히, 말뚝-지반 상호작용을 고려한 측방유동압에 중점을 두었다. 본 수치해석에서는 지층조건, 말뚝두부의 경계조건, 성토하중 크기, 평균압밀도 네 가지 중요변수에 따른 거동양상을 비교 분석하였으며, 이로부터 비배수 단계와 배수 단계에서의 측방유동압의 분포형태와 크기에 대한 정량적인 차이를 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.116-129
• /
• 2005

Distraction osteogenesis is a new bone formation technique. There is a advantage of the environmental adaptation when distraction force is applied to the gap between osteotomy lines. But it has a disadvantage of long-term wearing of the appliance and long consolidation period. Therefore we make an effort to reduce it and repair normal function. Extracellular matrix proteins have a function to control the cellular growth, migration, shape and metabolism. In these, hyaluronic acid is a member of polysaccharide glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and has a important function as bone formation and osteoinduction property. Purpose : In this experimental study in rabbit mandibular distraction osteogenesis, we investigated the bone enhancing property of hyaluronic acid and the expression of extracellular proteins such as osteocalcin and osteonectin. Materials and Methods : The experimental study was carried out on 24 Korean male white rabbits (both mandibular body, n=48). Distraction group was divided to distraction experimental (A, n=16) and distraction control (B, n=16) by the application of hyaluronic acid (Hyruan, LGCI, Seoul, Korea). Normal control group (C, n=16) was only osteotomized. After 5 days latency, distraction devices were activated at a rate of 1.4 mm per day (0.7 mm every 12hours) for 3.5 days. Animals were sacrificed at postoperative 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. H&E stain and immunohistochemical stain was done on decalcified section. Additionally RT-PCR analysis was done for the identification of the expression of osteocalcin and osteonectin. Results : The bone formation in distraction experimental group was much more than that in distraction and normal control group at postoperative 28 days. In immunohistochemical stain, osteocalcin was enhanced at only postoperative 14 days, but osteonectin was not different at each post-operation days. In RT-PCR analysis, osteocalcin was not different at each post-operation days, but osteonectin was strongly expressed in distraction experimental group at postoperative 7 days. The expression of osteocalcin and osteonectin was elevated during the healing period. Conclusion : We found the good bone formation ability of hyaluronic acid in distraction osteogenesis through the immunohistochemistry and RTPCR analysis to osteocalcin and osteonectin, known as a bone formation marker. The application of hyaluronic acid in distraction osteogenesis is a method to reduce the consolidation period.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.217-226
• /
• 2007

Purpose: Distraction osteogenesis is considered to take favorable effect on the TMJ and be beneficial to prevent the relapse after the mandibular advancement of Class II malocclusion patient. This is the report with literature review on the mandibular advancement in the patients showing preoperative condylar resorption and who need larger amount of advancement. Patients and method: Distraction osteogenesis using intraoral device was performed for three mandibular hypoplasia patients (one male and two females). All patients were adult over 18 years old. The patients showed condylar bony resorption preoperatively. The distraction was performed intraorally with modified SSRO. After 7 days of latency period, activation was performed at the rate of 1.0 mm/day with twice turn. The devices were removed after 4-8 month consolidation period. Results: Total advancement of mandible was average 13 mm. One patient showed openbite immediately after removal of distraction device. It took long time to guide the openbite with elastics. The comparison between cephalometries immediately after device removal and postoperative six month revealed average 3.4 mm relapse. This means that mandibular advancement with distraction osteogenesis needs overcorrection and elastic rehabilitation even after enough consolidation periods. Conclusion: Larger amount of mandibular advancement could be achieved with distraction osteogenesis in severe mandibular hypoplasia with condylar resorption. However, some relapse was found during the follow-up period and the over correction is considered to be needed. The effect of distraction osteogenesis seems to be investigated with long-term follow-up.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.129-142
• /
• 1998

본 연구에서는 파괴강도이내의 일정하중 상태에서 장기적으로 진행되는 연약지반의 침하특성을 파악하기 위하여 Creep 변형성분을 고려한 구성방정식을 유도하고, 유한요소해석 프로그램을 개발하여 이를 바탕으로 토공구조물의 장기적인 변형을 합리적으로 예측함으로서 연약지반상 토공구조 물의 설계 및 시공관리에 기여하고자 하였다. 점성토의 탄.소성거동을 표현하기 위해 Modified Cam Clay모델이 사용되었으며, Creep변형을 계산하는데 있어서는 체적 Creep요소를 고려할 경우 2차 압밀계수 C,를 적용하였고, 축차 Creep요소를 고려할 경우 Singh & Mitchel Creep경험식을 통한 m, a, A 상수를 이용한 것으로 개발된 프로그램의 신뢰성을 검증하기 위하여 이론해 및 실험치와 비교하였고, 적용된 각 상수들의 민감도 를 분석한 결과, 개발된 프로그램은 적용성이 좋은 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 국내외 2개의 현장에 적용한 결과, 제방의 변형해석에 있어 Creep을 고려하지 않은 경우보다 Creep을 고려한 경우가 오차가 적게 나타나고 체적 Creep만을 고려한 경우는 약간 과소평가되 고 축차 Creep까지 고려한 경우는 약간 과대평가됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 Creep정수를 얻기 위한 실험기의 개발, 적정 토질정수의 선택 등 향후에도 지속적인 연구가 요구된다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 2014

연약지반에 설치되는 구조물은 장기간에 걸쳐 발생하는 연약지반의 압밀 침하 또는 측방유동 현상에 의하여 많은 문제점들이 발생할 수 있다. 그러므로, 지반조사, 지반개량, 시공관리 등과 관련하여 적합한 설계 및 시공순서를 결정하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구의 시공사례는 기초구조물로 지지되는 라멘구조물을 대상으로 하였다. 특히, 본 사례는 공사기간의 제약과 새로운 고속도로를 가로지르는 기존 도로의 연결 문제 등으로 구조물 하부 연약지반을 개량하지 않고 배면 성토를 시공하기 전에 구조물을 먼저 시공하였다. 이에 따라, 구조물의 안정성을 확보하기 위하여 수치해석 및 지반계측 결과를 바탕으로 시공절차 및 대책공법을 주의깊게 계획하였다. 시공과정 중에 여러 번의 시행착오를 거쳐 성공적으로 구조물 시공을 완료할 수 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.1046-1053
• /
• 2006

In the large scale recent reclaiming works performed within the wide spatial boundary, evaluation of long-term consolidation settlement and residual settlement of the whole construction area is sometimes made with the results of the limited ground investigation and measurement. Then the reliability of evaluation has limitations due to the spatial uncertainty. Additionally, in case of large scale deep excavation works such as urban subway construction, there are a lot of hazardous elements to threaten the safety of underground pipes or adjacent structures. Therefore it is necessary to introduce a damage prediction system of adjacent structures and others. For the more accurate analysis of monitoring information in the wide spatial boundary works and large scale urban deep excavations, it is necessary to perform statistical and spatial analysis considering the geographical spatial effect of ground and monitoring information in stead of using diagrammatization method based on a time-series data expression that is traditionally used. And also it is necessary that enormous ground information and measurement data, digital maps are accumulated in a database, and they are controlled in a integrating system. On the abovementioned point of view, we developed Geomonitor 2.0, an Internet based real time monitoring program with a new concept by adding GIS and geo-statistical analysis method to the existing real time integrated measurement system that is already developed and under useful use. The new program enables the spatial analysis and database of monitoring data and ground information, and helps the construction- related persons make a quick and accurate decision for the economical and safe construction.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2008

최근 경제가 성장함에 따라 산업지역과 거주지의 요구가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 양질의 지반상태 지역을 구하기가 어렵다. 경제적이고 균형적인 지역 발전을 위하여 내륙지역 뿐만 아니라 연약지반에도 새로운 프로젝트가 수행되고 있다. 연약지반은 복잡한 공학적 특성과 강도가 낮고 대상 지역의 심도가 깊은 많은 변수를 가지고 있기 때문에 연약지반의 공학적 특성을 정확하게 분석하고 안정적인 계측과 경제적인 설계와 관리방법을 찾는것이 필요하다. 연직배수공법은 프리로딩과 통수능력을 가진 여러 종류의 배수재를 사용하여 연약지반과 퇴적지반의 압밀촉진을 위하여 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 폐석회 지반에 2가지 형태의 연직배수재를 적용하여 통수능력 분석하였다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2007

최근 경제가 성장함에 따라 산업지역과 거주지의 요구가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 양질의 지반상태 지역을 구하기가 어렵다. 경제적이고 균형적인 지역 발전을 위하여 내륙지역 뿐만 아니라 연약지반에도 새로운 프로젝트가 수행되고 있다. 연약지반은 복잡한 공학적 특성과 강도가 낮고 대상 지역의 심도가 깊은 많은 변수를 가지고 있기 때문에 연약지반의 공학적 특성을 정확하게 분석하고 안정적인 계측과 경제적인 설계와 관리방법을 찾는 것이 필요하다. 연직배수공법은 프리로딩과 통수능력을 가진 여러 종류의 배수재를 사용하여 연약지반과 퇴적지반의 압밀촉진을 위하여 많이 사용되고 있다. 현장조건에서 통수능력은 지반상태, 구속압력, 장기간의 배수재 막힘과 꺽임과 같은 다양한 원인으로 변한다. 그러므로 많은 연구자들이 공학적인 소요통수능의 사용을 추천하였다. 본 논문에서는 4가지 코어형태의 연직배수재의 대형통수능력 시험을 수행하고 압밀영향요소에 따른 소요통수능을 산정하였다.